反相高效液相色谱法测定芦笋各段芦丁的含量

采用反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)测定芦笋(Asparagus Officnalis Linne)各段组织中芦丁(rutin)的含量。芦丁经传统超声波提取法提取,360 nm波长检测,以甲醇-磷酸缓冲液为流动相,过ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm)色谱柱直接测定。测得芦丁标准液浓度在2.5~40μg.mL-1范围内与峰面积有良好线性关系,相关系数达0.998。尖部、中部和底部的芦丁外标平均回收率为101.14%±1.88%,RSD为2.37%±0.92%,日内和5日日间相对标准偏差(CV)为≤2.27%和≤2.65%,最低检出限0.35μg.g-1。检测结果芦笋尖部芦丁含量最高,为1.762 mg.g-1;其次是中部为1.030 mg.g-1;底部最低,为0.320 m mg.g-1。此方法样本处理简单且具有良好检测灵敏度和精密度,能够满足芦笋中芦丁含量测定要求。     

几种动物部分生理指标的比较

报道了对中华大蟾蜍(Bufo gargarizans)、黑斑蛙(Rana nigromaculata)、中华(?)(Amycla sinensis)及山蝠(Nyctus noctula)在冬眠期(12～2月,7～11℃)与活动期(7～9月,27～30℃)部分生理指标的比较研究,测定了其血红蛋白浓度、红细胞数、心率、心电、呼吸频率、体温及耗氧量等指标.结果显示动物的生理指标不仅存在种属差异,也与生态环境及季节变化相适应.     

3种海洋浮游微藻影响太平洋纺锤水蚤存活、发育和繁殖的比较研究

采用实验生态的方法,研究了3种海洋浮游微藻对太平洋纺锤水蚤(Acartia pacifica)存活、发育和繁殖的影响.实验以不同浓度的微藻投喂太平洋纺锤水蚤,测定了无节幼体发育到桡足幼体、桡足幼体发育到成体的时间和最终存活率,以及发育到成体后,在各浓度下,成体每天的产卵量和卵孵化率.结果表明:球等鞭金藻(Isochrysis galbana)、海洋原甲藻(Prorocentrum micans)适宜于作为太平洋纺锤水蚤生长、繁殖的饵料;摄食牟氏角毛藻(Chaetoceros mulleri)的太平洋纺锤水蚤可以完成无节幼体到成体的发育,但牟氏角毛藻对太平洋纺锤水蚤的生长、发育和繁殖具有一定的负面影响;牟氏角毛藻对太平洋纺锤水蚤产卵量和卵孵化的抑制作用更为显著,只有在低细胞碳质量浓度(0.35μg/mL)时,成体产卵量和卵的孵化才正常,当牟氏角毛藻细胞碳质量浓度达到1.70μg/mL或更高时,该桡足类的产卵量下降,且没有卵能孵化出幼体,表明牟氏角毛藻显著抑制了太平洋纺锤水蚤的繁殖过程.     

六种农药对黑斑侧褶蛙的毒理效应

稻-蛙种养是一种绿色农业的发展模式，为了筛选高效低毒农药，优化稻-蛙种养体系，为农药的合理使用与两栖动物资源保护提供基础资料，测定了6种农药对农田常见的黑斑侧褶蛙的毒理效应.结果表明：在水温(25±1)℃条件下施毒96 h后，对黑斑侧褶蛙的毒害作用由强到弱依次为阿维菌素、戊唑醇、毒死蜱、氰氟草酯、吡虫啉和噻虫嗪；以稻田常用农药吡虫啉和戊唑醇为实验试剂进行生长毒性实验后发现，黑斑侧褶蛙生长发育随着这2种农药质量浓度和作用时间的增加而减缓，表明这2种农药在黑斑侧褶蛙体内有一定的蓄积作用，短时间就可以对蛙的生长发育造成较大的影响；不同天数及不同浓度的染毒组都可以激活黑斑侧褶蛙体内的氧化应激机制，低浓度吡虫啉和戊唑醇处理后，黑斑侧褶蛙的过氧化氢酶(CAT)酶活降低、谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量下降；升高2种农药浓度，该抑制现象更为显著，机体自由基清除和抗氧化防御系统被破坏，同时丙二醛(MDA)含量显著上升，引起生物体内蛋白质和核酸等交联聚合，产生毒害作用.研究结果可为稻-蛙综合种养体系的完善提供参考依据.     

两种无尾两栖类的体细胞银染色研究

本文是用银染色技术对中华大蟾蜍（Ｂｕｆｏｂｕｆｏｇａｒｇａｒｉｚａｎｓ）和黑斑蛙（Ｒａｎａ．ｎｉｇｒｏｍａｃｕｌａｔａ）的骨髓细胞．肠组织细胞染色体的核仁组织者，进行了观察．结果如下：１．两种动物带有银染色阳性核仁组织者染色体的数目均为１—２条．２．银染阳性的核仁组织者（Ａｇ－Ｎｏｒｓ）出现部位是在染色体的次缢痕区．其中中华大蟾蜍的Ａｇ－Ｎｏｒｓ位于Ｎｏ．６染色体长臂之未端，黑斑蛙位于Ｎｏ．１１的长臂近着丝点区．３．有Ａｇ－Ｎｏｒｓ联合现象．     

ICP-OES法测定粉条、粉丝中的铝

电感耦合等离子发射光谱用来检测粉条、粉丝中铝含量。方法：样品经干法消解后,用ICP-OES进行测定,结果：方法最低检出限为0.0033μg/ml;在0.200μg/ml～50.0μg/ml范围内检测信号与铝含量之间呈良好线性关系,线性方程：y=34368x＋10674,相关系数R2=0.9994,回收率在98.6%～101.8%之间,测定结果相对标准偏差为0.0648～0.9491。测定的粉丝、粉条中,最高测定值达351mg/kg。结论：本方法操作简便、准确、干扰小、检出限低、线性范围广,适用于食品中铝的测定。     

重金属铬对黑斑蛙胚胎和蝌蚪生长发育的影响及血细胞DNA损伤效应

运用单细胞凝胶电泳技术研究了不同浓度重铬酸钾(K2Cr2O7)溶液(2.5,12.5,62.5μmol.L-1)对黑斑蛙(Rara nigromaculata)外周血细胞DNA的链断裂损伤效应,并观察了重铬酸钾对黑斑蛙胚胎和蝌蚪生长发育的影响.结果表明,12.5和62.5μmol.L-1的重铬酸钾具有明显的DNA链断裂损伤诱导效应,染毒15 d的DNA损伤率分别为85%和98%.在测试浓度范围内,重铬酸钾对黑斑蛙胚胎发育的影响不明显;低浓度<(12.5μmol.L-1)重铬酸钾对黑斑蛙蝌蚪生长发育的影响不明显,高浓度(62.5μmol.L-1)重铬酸钾对黑斑蛙蝌蚪的生长发育则具有明显的抑制作用.     

HPLC测定药品中多贝斯的含量

采用hypersil ODS-C18色谱柱(150×4.6 mm,5μm);以甲醇-水=70:30(V/V)为流动相,流速为1.0 mL/min,柱温为室温,检测波长为301 nm,外标法测定了多贝斯胶囊中多贝斯的含量.多贝斯在1～60μg/mL浓度范围内,峰面积(A)与浓度(C)呈现出良好的线性关系,回归方程为A=-3 019.9 7 127.9 C(μg/mL)(r=0.999 6),此方法的最低检出限为0.1μg/mL.多贝斯在水溶液和尿液中的回收率分别在97.20%～101.0%和97.90%～101.5%之间,重现性良好.本法准确、简单、快速,可应用于药物制剂中多贝斯的质量监控.     

山西运城盐湖区白骨顶羽毛Pb、Cu、Cd的含量及分布

对采自于山西运城盐湖区白骨顶(Fulica atra)羽毛铅、铜、镉含量进行了测定,并对这几种重金属在各个部位羽毛中的浓度进行了比较.结果表明,白骨顶羽毛的Pb含量为0.53～6.26μg/g、Cu含量为0.56～9.18μg/g、Cd含量0.002～0.24μg/g.铅在白骨顶羽毛中以背羽含量为最高,腹羽最低;铜含量以初级飞羽最高,背羽最低;镉含量背羽最高,腹羽最低.     

液液萃取-高效液相色谱法测定水体中的阿特拉津

为建立检测水体中阿特拉津的高效液相色谱法,以Kromasil-C18(250 m×4.6 mm×5μm)为色谱柱,以甲醇∶水=7∶3为流动相,流速0.8 mL/min,采用紫外检测器,用外标法测定水体中阿特拉津含量。结果表明,方法线性范围为0.030~1.96μg/ml,相关系数达0.999 4;采样体积为100 mL时,方法的最低检测浓度为0.30μg/L;对不同加标浓度水样的回收率为87.9%~93.0%,相对标准偏差为1.2%~3.4%。该方法适用于水体中痕量和常量阿特拉津的测定。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.