Autocorrelation model-based identification method for ARMA systems in noise

A novel method for parameter estimation of minimum-phase autoregressive moving average (ARMA) systems in noise is presented. The ARMA parameters are estimated using a damped sinusoidal model representation of the autocorrelation function of the noise-free ARMA signal. The AR parameters are obtained directly from the estimates of the damped sinusoidal model parameters with guaranteed stability. The MA parameters are estimated using a correlation matching technique. Simulation results show that the proposed method can estimate the ARMA parameters with better accuracy as compared to other reported methods, in particular for low SNRs.     

Time-series model for wireless fading channels in isotropic and nonisotropic scattering environments

An autoregressive (AR) model is presented for isotropic and nonisotropic scattering environments characterized by Rice factor 0/spl les/K相似文献   

基于EMD-SVM的江水浊度预测方法研究

针对江水浊度序列宽频、非线性、非平稳的特点,将经验模态分解(EMD)和支持向量机(SVM)回归方法引入浊度预测领域,建立了基于EMD-SVM的浊度预测模型.通过EMD分解,将原始非平稳的浊度序列分解为若干固有模态分量(IMF),根据各IMF序列的特点,选择不同的参数对各IMF序列进行预测,最后合成原始序列的预测值.将该方法应用于实际浊度预测,并与径向基神经网络(RBF)预测及单独支持向量机回归预测结果进行比较,仿真结果表明该方法预测精度有明显提高.     

基于主成分分析的经验模态分解消噪方法

 针对非线性非平稳信号的去噪问题,提出一种基于主成分分析(PCA)的经验模态分解(EMD)消噪方法.该方法根据EMD的分解特性,利用PCA对噪声信号经EMD分解后的内蕴模态函数(IMF)进行去噪处理:首先利用"3σ法则"对第一层IMF进行细节信息提取,并估计每层IMF中所含噪声的能量;然后对IMF进行PCA变换,根据IMF中所含噪声的能量选择合适数目的主成分分量进行重构,以去除IMF中的噪声.为验证本文方法的有效性,进行了数字仿真与实例应用实验.实验结果均表明,所提方法的消噪效果整体上优于Bayesian小波阈值消噪方法和基于模态单元的EMD阈值消噪方法,是一种有效的信号消噪新方法.     

Application of the empirical mode decomposition to the analysis of esophageal manometric data in gastroesophageal reflux disease

The Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) is a general signal processing method for analyzing nonlinear and nonstationary time series. The central idea of EMD is to decompose a time series into a finite and often small number of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). An IMF is defined as any function having the number of extrema and the number of zero-crossings equal (or differing at most by one), and also having symmetric envelopes defined by the local minima, and maxima respectively. The decomposition procedure is adaptive, data-driven, therefore, highly efficient. In this contribution, we applied the idea of EMD to develop strategies to automatically identify the relevant IMFs that contribute to the slow-varying trend in the data, and presented its application on the analysis of esophageal manometric time series in gastroesophageal reflux disease. The results from both extensive simulations and real data show that the EMD may prove to be a vital technique for the analysis of esophageal manometric data.     

总体经验模态细分法提取血流超声多普勒信号的研究

提出基于总体经验模态分解（EEMD）血流细分法提高血流超声多普勒信号提取精度.首先估计辅助分析所需的白噪声幅度,进而用EEMD得到无模态混叠的本征模态函数（IMF）组,最后分离出血流信号的IMF.将本方法应用于计算机仿真和人体实测超声多普勒信号,并与高通滤波器法、原EMD法和EMD细分法比较.结果表明本文方法,提取的血流信号精度最高,特别对WBSR=70dB的混合信号,其精度比上述方法分别提高35%、38%及17%.     

Low Mutual Coupling of Microstrip Antenna Array Integrated with Dollar Shaped Resonator

This paper describes the effectiveness of feature obtained by power spectrum analysis (PSA) as well as the combined method of empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and PSA for the development of brain–computer interface (BCI) system using steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP). Accurate detection of SSVEP response from the recorded EEG signal is a difficult task for a new development of the BCI inference system. The EMD technique is a non-linear method of signal decomposition, which generates several intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) of different flickering frequencies. Prominent IMF signal of SSVEP plays a vital role in the accurate detection of frequency. The proposed method achieves the average detection accuracy of 81.45% over four subjects; in contrast, the conventional method of PSA achieves average detection accuracy of 80.43%. The achieved result indicates that the proposed method out performs state of the art by more than 1.02% over four subjects.

     

Seizure onset detection based on frequency domain metric of empirical mode decomposition

This paper explores the data-driven properties of the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) for detection of epileptic seizures. A new method in frequency domain is presented to analyze intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) decomposed by EMD. They are used to determine whether the electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings contain seizure or not. Energy levels of the IMFs are extracted as threshold level to detect the changes caused by seizure activity. A scalar value energy resulting from the energy levels is individually used as an indicator of the epileptic EEG without the requirements of multidimensional feature vector and complex machine learning algorithms. The proposed methods are tested on different EEG recordings to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method and yield accuracy rate up to 97.89%.     

On the use of EMD based adaptive filtering for OFDM channel estimation

Hilbert Huang transform (HHT) based data driven empirical mode decomposition (EMD) in conjunction with adaptive filter (AF) is proposed for estimation of communication channel in OFDM system. EMD can be viewed as alike of wavelet decomposition which decomposes the signal of interest to intrinsic mode functions (IMF), whose basis function is derived from signal itself. In this method, the length of channel impulse response (CIR), is approximated using Akaike information criterion (AIC). Then the estimation of CIR is performed using adaptive filter with EMD decomposed IMF of the received OFDM symbol. Conventional AF uses random initial weight vector. The novelty of the proposed method lies in the fact that it uses decimated version of one of the decomposed IMFs of received OFDM symbol as initial weight vector. The selection of useful IMF component is done based on correlation and kurtosis measures. This makes the proposed EMD based AF method converge to minimum mean square error (MMSE) in less number of iterations resulting in almost 50% saving of computations. Bit error rate (BER), mean square error (MSE) and normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) are computed. The simulation studies established the efficacy of proposed method; and comparative studies under different modulation schemes and fading conditions revealed improved performance. Simulations have shown an average improvement of 3 dB in BER performance for proposed EMD based AF as compared to conventional AF.     

高分七号激光测高中全波形回波数据的EMD降噪

针对具有多个高度层的复杂场景,全波形激光测高系统记录的回波信号中往往带有较高的噪声,采用合适的降噪方法将有助于提高计算激光测距的精确性、反演地物垂直结构和构建目标特征参数的准确性。根据高分七号激光测高在轨探测的低信噪比全波形数据的特性,采用经验模态分解（Empirical mode decomposition,EMD）方法来构建典型的本征模函数（Intrinsic mode function, IMF）,对于分解出多个不同尺度IMF的筛选,比较了使用去除高频分量,阈值选取、Wavelet选取和去趋势波动分析（Detrended fluctuation analysis, DFA）等方法与策略,通过降噪效果及定量评价,测试结果表明EMD-DFA1与EMD-1IMF对高分七号激光测高的全波形数据具有较好的降噪效果,其次为EMD-Wavelet和EMD-Threshold。另外通过EMD-DFA1对单个波峰、混叠波峰、多个波峰等不同情况的全波形数据测试,结果表明该方法具有较好的自适应性。     

基于集合经验模态分解敏感固有模态函数选择算法的滚动轴承状态识别方法

为了更有效地提取滚动轴承各状态振动信号的特征,该文提出了一种基于集合经验模态分解(EEMD)的敏感固有模态函数(IMF)选择算法。该算法对振动信号经EEMD分解后得到的固有模态函数采用峭度值、相关系数相结合的方法自动提取其敏感分量,以此获得振动信号的初始特征。再运用奇异值分解和自回归(AR)模型方法得到滚动轴承各状态振动信号的特征向量,并将其输入到改进的超球多类支持向量机中进行智能识别,从而实现滚动轴承的正常状态,不同故障类型及不同性能退化程度的各状态识别。实验结果表明,相比基于经验模态分解结合自回归模型或奇异值分解的特征提取方法,该方法可更有效地提取滚动轴承故障特征信息,且识别精度更高。     

An Algorithm of Voice Activity Detection Based on EMD and Wavelet Entropy Ratio

A new method was proposed to identify speech-segment endpoints based on the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and a new wavelet entropy ratio with improving the accuracy of voice activity detection. With the EMD, the noise signals can be decomposed into several intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). Then the proposed wavelet energy entropy ratio can be used to extract the desired feature for each IMFs component. In view of the question that the method of voice endpoint detection based on the original wavelet entropy ratio cannot adapt to the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) condition, an appropriate positive constant was introduced to the basic wavelet energy entropy ratio with effectively improved discriminability between the speech and noise. After comparing the traditional wavelet energy entropy ratio with the proposed wavelet energy entropy ratio, the experiment results show that the proposed method is simple and fast. The speech endpoints can be accurately detected in low SNR environments.     

基于CM-OMEMD和小波散射网络的语音情感识别

语音情感识别（Speech Emotion Recognition,SER）是人机交互的重要组成部分,具有广泛的研究和应用价值。针对当前SER中仍然存在着缺乏大规模语音情感数据集和语音情感特征的低鲁棒性而导致的语音情感识别准确率低等问题,提出了一种基于改进的经验模态分解方法（Empirical Mode Decomposition,EMD）和小波散射网络（Wavelet Scattering Network,WSN）的语音情感识别方法。首先,针对用于语音信号时频分析的EMD及其改进算法中存在的模态混叠问题（Mode Mixing）和噪声残余问题,提出了基于常数Q变换（Constant-Q Transform,CQT）和海洋捕食者算法（Marine Predator Algorithm,MPA）的优化掩模经验模态分解方法（Optimized Masking EMD based on CQT and MPA,CM-OMEMD）。采用CM-OMEMD算法对情感语音信号进行分解,得到固有模态函数（Intrinsic Mode Functions,IMFs）,并从IMFs中提取了可以表征情感的时频特征作为第一个特征集。然后采用WSN提取了具有平移不变性和形变稳定性的散射系数特征作为第二个特征集。最后将两个特征集进行融合,采用支持向量机（Support Vector Machine,SVM）分类器进行分类。通过在含有七种情感状态的TESS数据集中的对比实验,证明了本文提出的系统的有效性。其中CM-OMEMD减小了模态混叠,提升了对情感语音信号时频分析的准确性,同时提出的SER系统显著提高了情绪识别的性能。      

Denoising and R-Peak Detection of Electrocardiogram Signal Based on EMD and Improved Approximate Envelope

The electrocardiogram (ECG ) signal is prone to various high and low frequency noises, including baseline wandering and power-line interference, which become the source of errors in QRS and in other extracted features. This paper presents a new ECG signal-processing approach based on empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and an improved approximate envelope method. To reduce the number of the initial intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), a Butterworth lowpass filter is used to eliminate high frequency noises before the EMD. To correct baseline wandering and to eliminate low frequency noises, the two last-order IMFs are abandoned. An improved approximate envelope is proposed and applied after the Hilbert transform to enhance the energy of QRS complexes and to suppress unwanted P/T waves and noises. Then, an algorithm based on the slope threshold is used for R-peak detection. The proposed denoising and R-peak detection algorithm are validated using the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database. The simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively eliminate the Gaussian noise, baseline wander, and power-line interference added to the ECG signal. The method can also function reliably even under poor signal quality and with long P and T peaks. The QRS detector has an average sensitivity of Se=99.94 % and a positive predictivity of +P=99.87 % over the first lead of the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database.     

An Analytical Expression for Empirical Mode Decomposition Based on B-Spline Interpolation

Although empirical mode decomposition (EMD) lacks a rigorous theoretical basis, it has attracted much attention for analyzing nonstationary signals adaptively. In this paper, the EMD method is investigated from a digital signal processing perspective. Based on an analysis of extrema sampling and B-spline interpolation, we show that the upper and lower envelopes of signals are formed by a succession of three basic operations: decimation of local extrema, interpolation, and filtering by a B-spline filter. We then show that some aliasing noise can be suppressed by the mean of the envelopes, though the extrema sampling is a sub-Nyquist sampling. For uniformly spaced extrema of signals, we derive a general analytical expression of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) extracted by the EMD method from signals.     

The removal of wall components in Doppler ultrasound signals by using the empirical mode decomposition algorithm

Doppler ultrasound systems, used for the noninvasive detection of the vascular diseases, normally employ a high-pass filter (HPF) to remove the large, low-frequency components from the vessel wall from the blood flow signal. Unfortunately, the filter also removes the low-frequency Doppler signals arising from slow-moving blood. In this paper, we propose to use a novel technique, called the empirical mode decomposition (EMD), to remove the wall components from the mixed signals. The EMD is firstly to decompose a signal into a finite and usually small number of individual components named intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). Then a strategy based on the ratios between two adjacent values of the wall-to-blood signal ratio (WBSR) has been developed to automatically identify and remove the relevant IMFs that contribute to the wall components. This method is applied to process the simulated and clinical Doppler ultrasound signals. Compared with the results based on the traditional high-pass filter, the new approach obtains improved performance for wall components removal from the mixed signals effectively and objectively, and provides us with more accurate low blood flow.     

一种改进的经验模型分解方法

在对复杂信号进行分析中,常把它展开成一系列基本信号,然后,通过研究每个基本成分或者相应系数的特点来分析复杂信号。Huang等人提出经验模型分解方法(Empirical Mode Decomposition,EMD),通过筛选,将复杂信号中分解成一系列内在模型函数(Intrinsic Mode Function,IMF)。在本论文中,作者对经验模型分解中的一个重要的筛选过程作了部分改进,提出了一种改进检验模型分解法(Modified EMD,MEMD)。利用改进检验模型分解法,能够既快又准确地获得内在模型函数,而且,得到的内在模型函数能保留原信号中各成分的瞬时频率的规律。     

一种改进的基于经验模态分解的小波阈值滤波方法

经验模态分解是一种新的信号分解方法,该方法可将非线性非平稳信号分解成若干个单分量的本征模态函数,使得每个本征模态函数都具有一定的物理意义。本文探索了该方法在语音增强方面的应用.在文献[8]的基础上,对其方法进行了有效改进。首先将带噪语音进行经验模态分解,得到六个本征模态函数和一个余量信号,对这七个信号分别进行小波阈值滤波,并由滤波后的七个信号重构语音。结果表明,该方法的滤波效果明显优于对带噪语音直接采用小波阈值滤波的方法,并且较之文献[8]的滤波方法也具有一定的优势。     

多元经验模态分解及在SAR图像目标识别中的应用

提出基于多元模态分解的合成孔径雷达（SAR）目标识别方法。多元模态分解是传统模态分解的多元扩展,能够有效避免传统算法中的模态混叠问题。采用多元模态分解对SAR图像进行处理,获得的多层次固有模式函数（IMF）能够更为有效地反映目标的时频特性。不同IMF之间具有良好互补性,同时它们描述同一目标因而具有内在关联性。分类阶段,采用联合稀疏表示对分解得到的IMF进行表征。联合稀疏表示在多任务学习的理念下,对多个关联稀疏表示问题进行求解,可获得更为可靠的估计结果。在获得各层次IMF对应的稀疏表示系数矢量的基础上,计算不同类别对于当前测试样本多层次IMF的重构误差之和,进而判定测试样本的目标类别。基于MSTAR数据集开展实验,通过在标准操作条件、俯仰角差异、噪声干扰以及目标遮挡条件下进行对比分析,验证了提出方法的有效性。     

基于经验模态分解的模态域MVDR方法研究

 矢量阵MVDR波束形成可有效地实现信号的空间谱估计,但它仅适用于窄带信号,当各目标强度相差较大时,难以实现对弱目标的有效检测.经验模态分解具有突出信号局瞬特征的特点,可将多分量信号分解成多阶固有模态函数.结合固有模态函数特性和MVDR窄带信号要求,提出了矢量阵模态域MVDR波束形成算法,并将中心频率的概念应用于固有模态函数,以此作为模态域MVDR波束形成算法的中心频率.海试结果表明:本方法可增强弱目标所在方位空间谱的能量,有效地实现强干扰下弱目标的检测.