24%乳氟禾草灵EC防除大豆田阔叶杂草田间药效试验

24％乳氟禾草灵EC是连云港立本农药化工有限公司提供的除草剂。为了进一步明确其对大豆阔叶杂草的防除效果，我们进行了24％乳氟禾草灵EC防除大豆田阔叶杂草的田间药效试验。     

乳氟禾草灵的气相色谱分析

本文采用气相色谱法分析乳氟禾草灵的含量，选用ＯＶ－１７固定液，Ｇａｓ－ＣｈｒｏｍＱ为担体制备色谱柱，以苯二甲酸二正戊酯为内标物。方法的标准偏差为０．３１，变异系数为０．３４％，乳氟禾草灵的回收率在９９．２１－１００．７０％之间。     

克莠灵防除大豆田阔叶杂草试验

１９９５年用克莠灵水剂防除大豆田阔叶杂草。阜南，含山两地试验结果表明，每公顷用１．５￣２．０公升克灵１５天株防效在９８．２￣９９．１％，鲜重防效９７．５￣９９．０％，克莠灵为大豆田理想的阔叶除草剂。     

高恶唑禾灵和氟黄胺草醚防除大豆田杂草

试验结果表明５０毫长／６６７米＾２氟黄胺草醚能有效地控制大豆田茼麻和青葙子。４０－５０毫升／６６７米＾２高恶唑禾灵防除大豆田野称和芒稷可达满意效果；乳氟禾草灵不宜与高恶唑禾灵混 用，否则会诚效增毒。     

高特克与防除禾本科杂草除草剂桶混对药效的影响

高特克是用于油菜田的选择性苗后除草剂，对猪殃殃等阔叶杂草有较好的防除效果，但对禾本科杂草防效差，为了探求高特克与防除禾本科杂草除草剂桶混的可能性，安排了本试验。１　材料与方法１．１　试验药剂５０％高特克（草除灵）悬浮剂，６－９％威霸（嚙唑禾草灵）浓乳剂，８－０５％威霸乳油均为德国艾格福公司产品；１０－８％高效盖草能（吡氟乙禾灵）乳油，美国陶氏益农公司产；１５％精稳杀得（吡氟禾草灵）乳油，日本石原产业株式会社产；５％精禾草克（喹禾灵）乳油，日本日产化学工业株式会社产；２５％胺苯磺隆可湿性粉剂，沈阳…     

乳氟禾草灵除草剂产品登记冷淡品种

乳氟禾草灵除草剂主要登记在大豆田、花生田防除阔叶杂草。法国安万特作物科学公司于1989年在我国正式登记商品克阔乐24%乳油,防除大豆田阔叶杂草用量(有效成分)(北方)108-144克/公顷,(南方)90-108克/公顷。防除     

紫花苜蓿茎叶处理除草剂混配试验

通过5％咪唑乙烟酸AS与6．9％精噁唑禾草灵EW、15％精吡氟禾草灵EC混用，研究其在紫花苜蓿茎叶除草中的作用效果。结果表明：5％咪唑乙烟酸AS单独使用对杂草的防效优于与其它药剂混配；5％咪唑乙烟酸AS与6．9％精噁唑禾草灵EW或15％精吡氟禾草灵EC混配产生拮抗作用，降低防效；5％咪唑乙烟酸AS单用可使紫花苜蓿增产49．56％。     

旱稻地杂草防除试验

试验结果表明：播后３天处理，２３．５％乙氧氟草醚４０毫升／６６６．７米＾２杀草谱较广、除草效果较好。对莎草、阔叶草及总体杂草株防效分别达７７．１％、９３．５％、６３．８％。６０％丁草胺１００毫升／６６６．７米＾２对莎草、禾本科杂草防效较好，但对阔叶草防效差。而１２％恶草灵１２５毫升／６６６．７米＾２对阔叶草防效好，但对莎草防效较差。丁草胺与恶草灵混配处理，可扩大杀草谱，提高药效。各药剂处理区旱稻均     

高唑禾灵和氟黄胺草醚防除大豆田杂草

试验结果表明５０毫升／６６７米２氟黄胺草醚能有效地控制大豆田苘麻和青葙子；４０～５０毫升／６６７米２高唑禾灵防除大豆田野黍和芒稷可达满意效果；乳氟禾草灵不宜与高唑禾灵混用，否则会减效增毒。     

恶唑禾草灵与氟草烟混用的药效研究

室内生测结果说明，氟草烟影响恶唑禾草灵对野燕麦的生物活性，二者混用对野燕素表现为相加作用。田间药效试验结果表明，恶唑禾草灵与氟草烟混用对野燕麦及麦田主要阔叶杂草均有较高的防效，无拮抗作用发生。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。