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用固定化铜离子亲和膜静态吸附血红蛋白(Hb),考察了血红蛋白浓度、pH值、离子强度、温度和时间对吸附的影响.结果表明,固定化铜离子亲和膜静态吸附血红蛋白的最大吸附量为14.8719 mg·g-1,当控制温度16~25℃、pH值7.0 ~ 7.4、Hb浓度0.8484 ~ 1.2726 mg·mL-1时,吸附效果较好;离子强度越低,吸附效果越好;吸附时间至少为30 min.固定化铜离子亲和膜静态吸附血红蛋白的研究为实际体系的分离研究奠定了基础. 相似文献
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采用凝胶渗透色谱法研究了蒙脱土对聚羧酸减水剂( PCE)的吸附平衡及其影响因素。结果表明,蒙脱土对PCE具有很强的吸附作用,PCE浓度越大,其吸附量也越大。当PCE浓度为2.00 g·L-1(混凝土中PCE标准掺量)时,其吸附量为7.03 mg·g-1;当PCE为4.00 g·L-1时,其吸附量为14.61 mg·g-1;蒙脱土对PCE的最大吸附量(饱和吸附)约为21.18 mg·g-1。当PCE浓度≤2.50 g·L-1,体系pH值的变化对吸附量影响不大,但Ca2+、Mg2+金属离子的存在会增大PCE吸附量,其中Mg2+离子的影响尤为明显。蒙脱土吸附PCE是一吸热过程反应,过程符合准二级动力学方程,平衡仅需5~10 min。 相似文献
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《山西化工》2018,(6)
选用盐酸改性天然火山石作为吸附剂,研究了其对水中氟离子的去除性能,探究吸附时间、改性火山石投加量和溶液pH值对氟离子吸附效果的影响。结果表明,盐酸改性提高了火山石对氟离子的吸附能力。改性火山石对含氟废水的处理时间较短,120min即可达到平衡;吸附剂投加量为8g·L-1时,氟离子的吸附去除率达到最大,为82.4%;溶液pH为4~7的范围内,对氟离子的吸附去除率达到75%以上。正交实验结果发现,当吸附时间为60min,改性火山石投加量为8g·L-1,溶液pH为4时,对氟离子的吸附效果较好。改性火山石吸附氟离子的过程更符合Langmuir模型,吸附过程更接近单层吸附,吸附容量可达0.91mg·g-1,吸附动力学符合Lagergren二级动力学方程,吸附速率快。 相似文献
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采用电镜和孔径分布测定仪对自制聚醚砜( PES)和磺化聚醚砜(SPES)膜进行表征,根据Darcy-Poiseuille定律研究PES膜和SPES膜过滤牛血清蛋白液(BSA)阻力分布情况.结果表明,PES膜孔径为0.22~0.27 μm,初始纯水通量为642 L·m-2·h-1,过滤质量浓度为1 g·L-1的BSA溶液时平衡通量为30.4~31.9 L·m-2· h-1; SPES膜孔径为5.2~11.1 nm,初始纯水通量为8.1 L·m-2·h-1,质量浓度为1 g·L-1的BSA时平衡通量为3.4~6.9 L· m-2·h-1.过滤时PES膜阻力主要集中在吸附和堵孔阻力,2者相加为总阻力的91.1%;而SPES膜阻力主要集中在膜本身的阻力,为总阻力的41.8%,其次为堵孔阻力,占总阻力的38.3%.经清洗后,PES膜的纯水通量可以恢复到82%,而SPES膜可以恢复到494%. 相似文献
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测定了25℃下D113弱酸性离子交换树脂吸附L-组氨酸的动力学曲线和吸附等温线,考察了溶液中pH值、硫酸铵浓度、L-赖氨酸浓度和L-精氨酸浓度等因素对吸附的影响。结果表明:D113离子交换树脂吸附L-组氨酸约30 m in即可达到平衡;Langmu ir方程可以较好地描述D113离子交换树脂对L-组氨酸的吸附;在实验pH值范围内,L-组氨酸的吸附率随pH值的减小而减小,当pH降至3.4时,吸附量仍达到133mg/g;NH4+离子的存在使L-组氨酸的吸附量明显下降,当氯化铵浓度达到1.0mol/L时,吸附量仅为6.8mg/g;L-赖氨酸或L-精氨酸的存在使吸附量略微减小。 相似文献
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络合-超滤耦合技术处理Cd^(2+)模拟废水的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究聚丙烯酸钠PAASS与模拟废水中Cd2 络合反应动力学,结果表明:当pH为6、Cd2 浓度为10 mg·L-1和PAASS浓度为5000 mg·L-1时,络合反应符合拟一级速率方程.考察负载比对Cd2 截留系数R的影响,可得PAASS络合容量为0.033 g Cd·(g PAASS)-1.考察pH和竞争络合剂对R的影响,发现当pH从5增大到6时,R迅速增大;竞争络合剂三乙醇胺或酒石酸钠使R下降.研究络合体系超滤浓缩行为,结果表明体积浓缩因子为10时,膜通量仅下降14.6%,R值大约为1;浓缩液用于解离研究,控制解离pH为2.5,可得:当截留液镉浓度为99.6 mg·L-1时,渗透液镉浓度可达93.1 mg·L-1,对应络合物解离效率为93.5%;解离液用于超滤洗涤,当洗涤液体积为原料液体积4倍时,截留液镉浓度从洗涤前99.6 mg·L-1降低至洗涤结束时3.87 mg·L-1,镉洗脱率为96.1%,洗涤后聚电解质纯度高. 相似文献
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It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples. 相似文献
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M. S. J. Simmonds W. M. Blaney F. Delle Monache M. Marquina Mac-Quhae G. B. Marini Bettolo 《Journal of chemical ecology》1985,11(12):1593-1599
Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria. 相似文献
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Cheng-Le Zhao Shane Porzio Alan Smith Haiyan Ge H. T. Davis L. E. Scriven 《Journal of Coatings Technology and Research》2006,3(2):109-115
Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively.
There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized.
High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without
the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of
fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to
achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic
SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve
F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender
particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing,
and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing
or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually
preserves suspension stability during freezing.
Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago,
IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition. 相似文献
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Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US
In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae
and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted
in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures
(release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species
(Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species
to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were
exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of
separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles
from the southeastern region of the US. 相似文献
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ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。 相似文献
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