500 MPa级高建钢形变奥氏体连续冷却转变行为研究

采用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机模拟了屈服强度500 MPa级高建钢热变形奥氏体的动态连续冷却转变过程,结合金相法绘制试验钢的CCT曲线,并对相变组织进行维氏硬度测试。试验结果表明,当冷速低于2.5℃/s时,形成多边形铁素体、针状铁素体和珠光体的混合组织;在5~30℃/s的冷速范围内,形成针状铁素体和粒状贝氏体的混合组织;在冷速50℃/s时,开始出现少量板条贝氏体组织。随着冷速的增大,组织细化,连续冷却转变组织硬度增加。试验钢两阶段变形后的控冷工艺窗口为5~25℃/s。     

非调质NM400复相耐磨钢的相变行为

为进一步优化非调质NM400复相耐磨钢不同组织配比,利用Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机探究了试验钢在连续冷却条件下的组织转变规律,并结合金相法和硬度法,绘制出试验钢的动态连续冷却转变(CCT)曲线。结果表明,当冷速低于1 ℃/s时,试验钢组织为铁素体+粒状贝氏体+珠光体,部分粗大的原奥氏体晶粒转变为粒状贝氏体和珠光体。在冷却速率为5~40 ℃/s时,试验钢不再发生珠光体转变,显微组织均为铁素体+贝氏体+马氏体。并随着冷速的增加,马氏体含量不断增加,硬度升高;此外,不同分段冷却方案下,较低的中冷温度以及较长的空冷时间均有利于铁素体和贝氏体的转变。同时,残留奥氏体含量则随铁素体含量的增大而增大;由于试验钢的Ms点较高,马氏体板条较宽,并且有自回火现象发生。     

优质碳素结构55Mn钢连续冷却转变特性

采用膨胀法结合金相-硬度法,在Gleeble-3500热模拟机上测定了55Mn钢的连续冷却转变CCT曲线;研究了连续冷却过程中冷却速度对55Mn钢室温组织的影响。结果表明,当冷速为0.05~15℃/s时,转变产物主要为铁素体(F)和珠光体(P/S/T);当冷速达到15℃/s时,开始析出白色块状马氏体;当冷速为15~40℃/s时,只发生珠光体转变和马氏体转变,且随着冷速的增大,马氏体含量逐渐增多;当冷速大于40℃/s时,只发生马氏体转变,室温组织为马氏体+残余奥氏体。     

冷却速率对ES355Al钢相变行为及组织的影响

采用DIL805淬火膨胀仪、金相显微镜及显微硬度计,研究了ES355Al钢连续冷却过程的相变及组织转变规律,分析了冷却速率对ES355Al钢相变及组织演变的影响。结果表明:过冷奥氏体在冷却过程中发生铁素体转变、珠光体转变、贝氏体转变和马氏体转变。在冷速为0.2~1℃/s时,发生铁素体析出和珠光体转变;在冷速为2~7℃/s时,发生铁素体析出、珠光体转变和贝氏体转变,其中7℃/s为珠光体转变结束的临界冷速;,2℃/s、15℃/s分别为贝氏体、马氏体开始转变的临界冷速。ES355Al钢的显微硬度随着冷速增加而增加,由冷速0.2℃/s时的170 HV5增加到20℃/s时的350 HV5。     

Nb-V复合微合金化中碳非调质钢的连续冷却转变

利用Formastor-Digital膨胀仪测定了Nb-V复合微合金化中碳非调质钢的连续冷却转变曲线(CCT曲线),并测定了不同冷速下实验钢硬度的变化。分析了不同Nb、V含量对中碳非调质钢连续冷却转变的影响。结果表明,随着Nb、V含量的增加,相变点温度随之降低,并使得转变过程中珠光体、贝氏体转变区域变宽,组织中相应的体积分数增加。冷速在0.08~1℃/s时,组织主要为铁素体和珠光体;当冷速大于2.5℃/s时,开始发生贝氏体转变,随着冷速的进一步增加,贝氏体含量越来越多,并在5℃/s时出现马氏体组织。Nb-V复合微合金化实验钢受冷速的影响较大,随冷速的增大实验钢的显微硬度也随之提高。冷速分别在10℃/s和30℃/s时,硬度突然增大。     

60mm厚Q690D钢连续冷却转变静态CCT曲线及组织

利用膨胀法结合金相-硬度法,在Formast-F全自动相变仪上测定了60mm厚Q690D钢连续冷却转变静态CCT曲线,研究了冷却速度对显微组织、硬度的影响。结果表明:当冷速小于1℃/s时,转变产物为铁素体、珠光体和贝氏体;当冷速为1~3℃/s,转变产物为铁素体、贝氏体;当冷速为5~40℃/s,转变产物为贝氏体、马氏体;当冷速大于40℃/s时,转变产物为完全马氏体;当冷速小于20℃/s时,显微硬度逐渐升高;当冷速在20~100℃/s时,显微硬度在390 HV左右。     

极地海洋平台用Nb-V微合金化热轧H型钢TMCP工艺

在实验室利用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机对Nb-V微合金化H型钢进行了连续冷却转变与形变热模拟试验,研究了形变温度和冷却速度对试验钢组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：连续冷却转变过程中,冷速为1 ℃/s时,组织中开始出现少量贝氏体;冷速大于7 ℃/s时,不发生珠光体转变;冷速为15 ℃/s时,不发生铁素体转变。形变热模拟条件下,冷速≤1 ℃/s时,形变未改变试验钢的组织类型,其组织均为铁素体+珠光体;冷速为5~10 ℃/s时,形变显著改变试验钢的组织形态;形变温度越低,其组织中铁素体含量越高,铁素体与贝氏体组织越细小;形变温度为800~850 ℃,冷速控制在3~5 ℃/s时,试验钢可获得强韧性较好的细小准多边形铁素体与贝氏体的复合组织。     

EH460级船板钢的动态 CCT 曲线与组织演变

采用 Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机对EH460船板钢进行1050 ℃下变形30%和850 ℃下变形30%的双道次压缩试验。绘制了在不同冷速下连续冷却过程中钢的膨胀曲线,并在光学显微镜下观察了不同冷速下试样的室温组织。结合膨胀法与金相法,利用 Origin 8.0软件绘制了船板钢的动态 CCT 曲线。结果表明,当冷速为0.1~3 ℃/s 时,所得室温组织主要是铁素体和珠光体;当冷速大于5 ℃/s 时,出现粒状贝氏体组织,随着冷速的增加贝氏体逐渐增多,铁素体与珠光体逐渐减少;当冷速为10~15 ℃/s 时,珠光体消失,组织为铁素体与粒状贝氏体;随着冷速进一步增到 20~50 ℃/s 时不再发生铁素体相变,仅为粒状贝氏体组织。     

免退火冷镦钢SWRCH35KM的相变行为及组织演变

用Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机研究了RE微合金化免退火冷镦钢SWRCH35KM热变形后连续冷却过程相变规律和显微组织演变特征。结果表明,试验钢0.1~25 ℃/s冷速范围内均发生了铁素体和珠光体转变,冷速0.1~0.2 ℃/s时细小珠光体区有明显球化行为,而冷速在＞2 ℃/s后开始出现针状铁素体和魏氏组织。为了获得均匀细小的铁素体基体加在线球化珠光体组织,需在斯太尔摩冷却线采用分段冷却控制思路,吐丝温度至750 ℃范围内冷速宜＞2 ℃/s,抑制粗大先共析铁素体,而在750~680 ℃时冷速需1~2 ℃/s,以避免魏氏组织和针状铁素体;680~640 ℃珠光体转变温度区间冷速应≤0.1 ℃/s,以促进珠光体在线球化。     

气保焊丝钢ER70S-G过冷奥氏体的连续冷却转变

利用DIL805A膨胀仪测定了ER70S-G钢的过冷奥氏体连续冷却转变（CCT）曲线,并结合金相-硬度法确定过冷奥氏体在不同冷却速率下的组织转变。结果表明,ER70S-G钢连续冷却过程中,冷速在0.1~0.6 ℃/s范围内时,组织为铁素体+珠光体;冷速为0.8 ℃/s时,组织为铁素体+珠光体+贝氏体;冷速在1~20.0 ℃/s范围内时,组织为铁素体+贝氏体。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.