基于认知的UWB系统软频谱自适应设计方法

认知无线电技术与UWB技术结合解决干扰问题已成为近几年研究的热点。基于认知的思想,在满足联邦通信委员会（FCC）频谱限制的基础上,设计出最佳脉冲波形,使其与周围电磁环境中的干扰设备的功率谱相互正交,从而有效地避开干扰。通过对电磁环境的周期性重复采样,UWB可以成为自适应抑制干扰的通信系统,实现了认知超宽带无线电的概念。此方法不需要在整个频段内降低UWB脉冲的功率谱密度,为提高UWB脉冲发射功率和增大UWB系统的通信距离,提供了一种灵活易行的解决方案。     

超宽带通信系统窄带干扰变换域抑制方法

结合UWB系统的工作特点,对信道中信号的频谱特性进行分析,在变换域(频域,或时间-尺度域)中设计出最佳脉冲波形,使其与周围电磁环境中含有干扰的变换域相互正交,从而有效地避开干扰.通过对环境的周期性重复采样,可使得UwB成为一个自适应抑制干扰的通信系统.仿真结果表明,设计的自适应抑制干扰脉冲比通常使用的Scholtz脉冲的性能更优,抗干扰能力更强.且此方法不需要在整个频段内降低UWB脉冲的功率谱密度,为提高UWB脉冲发射功率,增大UWB系统的通信距离,提供了一种灵活易行的参考型方案.     

多用户检测在超宽带无线通信中的应用

在超宽带(UWB)通信系统中多址干扰是限制系统性能的重要原因,为了有效抑制多址干扰,本文将多用户检测技术应用于超宽带多用户通信系统中。通过分析信号特征,给出了应用在UWB系统中的几种次最佳多用户检测器的结构,考虑到实际UWB系统需要接收机有较低的复杂度,又提出了一种特别针对UWB系统的类最小均方差(MMSE)检测器并分析了其性能。在UWB室内信道环境下的仿真表明,采用本文提出的多用户检测器可以取得明显优于传统接收机的系统性能。     

UWB与WLAN系统间兼容性分析

超宽带(UWB:Ultra-wideband)通信技术性能优良,具有广阔的应用前景,越来越受到人们的重视。UWB通信系统的信号在频域上范围极宽,FCC分配给UWB民用通信的频段是3.1～10.6GHz,与无线局域网(WLAN:wireless LAN)系统(IEEE802.11a)共享了5.15～5.825GHz的频段。为使UWB技术得到广泛的应用,实现UWB通信系统与其他现有通信系统的兼容是首要的。在已有模型的基础上,选择信噪比、数据率、干扰值作为评价系统性能的参数,仿真分析了UWB通信系统对WLAN系统的干扰,为UWB通信系统的设计提供了一定的参考。     

基于FIR陷波窄带干扰抑制的UWB脉冲设计

提出了一种基于FIR陷波器的窄带抑制UWB脉冲设计方法。通过对各种窗函数的陷波性能比较分析,选出最佳的窗函数来设计FIR陷波器。以高斯脉冲导数为例,对所设计陷波器进行仿真验证,并就陷波前后的脉冲波形的通信性能进行了比较。仿真结果表明：陷波后脉冲具有良好的窄带干扰抑制能力,能够和其它通信系统更好地共存。另外,此方法不需要在整个频段内降低UWB脉冲功率,实现起来简单灵活,为提高UWB脉冲发射功率,增大UWB系统的通信距离,提供了一种可行的方案。     

UWB信号对GPS干扰研究

超宽带是高速无线通信的新技术，然而其较大的带宽会落入GPS频带范围内，造成对GPS信号的干扰。从功率角度研究了超宽带信号对GPS信号的干扰，给出了实验框图，并从时域角度分析了高斯脉冲序列和发射信号的表达式，进而从频域角度得到了落在GPS频带内的UWB信号功率。将UWB信号等价为白噪声，利用功率谱密度对C／N(载噪比)的劣化进行分析，给出了仿真曲线，从而看出对UWB信号干扰的控制方向主要在通信距离、脉冲重复频率以及调制技术上，最后简单分析了抑制干扰的措施。     

超宽带多址通信信号的功率谱分析

超宽带(UWB)多址通信是继CDMA技术之后迅速发展的一种宽带传输技术.本文在介绍了各种UWB通信调制方式后,针对产生的UWB多址信号,分析了信号特征,结合数学模型,以简明方式分析了TM-UWB与DSC-UWB多址通信信号的功率谱密度分布,它是UWB通信系统设计与用户干扰分析的基础.     

室内单个UWB设备对GSM系统的干扰分析

根据FCC频谱模板,分析了室内单个UWB设备工作时的发射信号对GSM通信系统(包括GSM900和DCS1800)的电磁干扰;仿真了UWB设备和GSM移动台间距离对GSMMS接收信噪比的影响。其中UWB干扰信号对GSM900的干扰在信噪比冗余度内。而对DCS1800的干扰远大于GSM900,当二者距离小于25cm时,降到9dB以下,通信质量严重下降,链路会因此中断。     

UWB与IMT-2000 FDD干扰分析与研究(上)

超宽带（Ultra Wideband，UwB）技术是目前被广泛研究的一种宽带无线通信技术。该技术是一种采用极宽的频带，极低的发送功率，并与其它业务共享频谱的近距离无线通信技术。由于UWB信号带宽很宽（至少500MHz），因此UWB信号可能跨越诸多现有无线电业务的频率范围，同时多UWB设备在热点地区的密集应用有可能对其它通信设备造成聚合（aggregated）效应干扰。     

音调干扰对超宽带通信干扰效果分析

从信息战中通信干扰角度，分析了单音干扰和多音干扰对超宽带（TH—pPM～UWB）通信系统误码率的影响，对比两种干扰方法，给出部分有益的结论，最后通过MATLAB计算机仿真软件验证分析的正确性。     

On the UWB system coexistence with GSM900, UMTS/WCDMA, and GPS

This paper evaluates the level of interference caused by different ultra-wideband (UWB) signals to other various radio systems, as well as the performance degradation of UWB systems in the presence of narrowband interference and pulsed jamming. The in-band interference caused by a selection of UWB signals is calculated at GSM900, UMTS/wideband code-division multiple-access (WCDMA), and Global Position System (GPS) frequency bands as a function of the UWB pulsewidth. Several short-pulse waveforms, based on the Gaussian pulse, can be used to generate UWB transmission. The two UWB system concepts studied here are time hopping and direct sequence spread spectrum. Baseband binary pulse amplitude modulation is used as the data modulation scheme. Proper selection of pulse waveform and pulsewidth allows one to avoid some rejected frequency bands up to a certain limit. However, the pulse shape is also intertwined with the data rate demands. If short-pulses are used in UWB communication the high-pass filtered waveforms are preferred according to the results. The use of long pulses, however, favors the generic Gaussian waveform instead. An UWB system suffers most from narrowband systems if the narrowband interference and the nominal center frequency of the UWB signal overlap. This is proved by bit-error rate simulations in an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel with interference at global system for mobile communication (GSM) and UMTS/WCDMA frequencies.     

On the Impact of Ultra-Wideband (UWB) on Macrocell Downlink of UMTS and CDMA-450 Systems

Results of the analytical analysis to assess the effect of the ultra-wideband (UWB) emissions on the [universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS) and code division multiple access systems (CDMA-450)] are presented. The (UMTS and CDMA- 450 systems) normalized range and normalized capacity degradation are evaluated. A free-space propagation model is used to calculate the UWB signal power that interferes with both mobile systems. It is shown that, for the case of a single UWB transmitter, the UMTS can easily tolerate UWB interference when the UWB equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) is -92.5 dBm/MHz or less for a distance between the UWB transmitter and the UMTS mobile of 1 m or higher. Also, it is shown that, for the case of multi-UWB transmitters, the UMTS can easily tolerate the UWB interference when the UWB EIRP is -94.5 dBm/MHz. For the single UWB transmitter case, the CDMA-450 downlink can tolerate UWB interference when the UWB power density is in the order of -106 dBm/MHz. For the case of multi-UWB transmitters, the power density that can be tolerated by the downlink of the CDMA- 450 system is in the order of -108 dBm/MHz.     

An Analog Approach to Suppressing In-Band Narrow-Band Interference in UWB Receivers

Due to the huge bandwidth of ultra-wide-band (UWB) systems, in-band narrow-band interference (NBI) may hinder receiver performance. Sources of potential NBI that lie within the IEEE 802.15.3a UWB bandwidth are presented. To combat interference in multi-band orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (MB-OFDM) UWB systems, an analog notch filter is designed to be included in the UWB receive chain. The filter's architecture is based on feedforward subtraction of the interference, and includes a least-mean-square (LMS) tuning scheme to match amplitudes of the two paths. An 8-bit discrete control is used to adjust the filter's center frequency across the UWB baseband. It was fabricated in TSMC's 0.18-mum process, and experimental results are provided     

PAM-TH-UWB系统抗干扰性能研究

超宽带通信是继CDMA与蓝牙技术之后出现的一种非常有发展前途的无线通信技术.本文首先介绍了UWB基本原理,然后着重从频域角度探讨了PAM-TH-UWB系统对CDMA干扰的抑制能力,得出了合理选择超宽带信号的基本参数以及不同的调制方式,可在一定程度上提高超宽带系统抗干扰能力的结论.     

Coexistence Between UWB and Narrow-Band Wireless Communication Systems

Ultra-wide-band (UWB) signals are suitable for underlay communications, over a frequency band where, possibly, other systems are active. Such coexistence of UWB and other systems is possible if the mutual interference has a small impact on their respective performance. This paper aims to present recent results on the interference and coexistence among UWB systems and other conventional narrow-band (NB) systems. Specifically, we consider a point-to-point UWB (NB) link under the interference generated by a finite number of NB (UWB) radio transmitters. We consider channels including additive white Gaussian noise and multipath fading both for the victim and the interfering links, and different receiver architectures. While our main focus is on UWB systems based on impulse radio, wide-band systems employing carrier-based direct-sequence spread-spectrum and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing are also considered.      

UWB对IEEE802.11a WLAN的电磁干扰分析

在FCC模板和ECC模板的基础上,分析了室内环境下UWB设备对IEEE802.11a WLAN系统的电磁干扰。在IEEE802.11a系统性能恶化1dB的情况下,使用双线模型分别计算出室内环境下单个UWB设备和多个UWB设备的发射功率限制。分析结果表明,对于IEEE802.11a WLAN来说,距离最近的UWB干扰是最主要的干扰,建议以36cm的最小隔离距离为基础来限制5GHz频段处的UWB发射功率。因此ECC模板更能满足IEEE802.11a的电磁兼容要求,而FCC模板能否保证有待进一步研究。     

UWB对CDMA和Bluetooth的干扰研究

文章从时域角度分析了影响UWB高斯脉冲频谱幅度的参数,在频域给出UWB对CDMA和Bluetooth(蓝牙)的干扰表达式,推断出影响干扰的因素为脉冲宽度和脉冲幅度因子,脉冲幅度因子的平方与干扰功率成正比,脉冲宽度的合理选择,使干扰降到最低。经仿真并根据UWB功率谱密度对其进行解释,提出减少干扰的建议。     

Local polynomial estimator for narrowband interference suppression in TH-UWB systems

Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology has been considered to offer an innovative solution for future short-range high-speed wireless communications. These systems use very low transmission power, spread over a bandwidth of several gigahertz. The very low transmission power and the large bandwidth used, enable UWB radio systems to co-exist with other narrowband systems over the same frequency band without interfering the narrowband systems. Nevertheless, these narrowband systems may cause interference which may jam the UWB receiver completely. Since standard narrowband interference suppression techniques are not applicable, techniques for interference suppression have to be developed. In this paper, the method of the local polynomial estimator in time-hopping impulse radio (TH-IR) for UWB communication is considered, which should not estimate any parameter of channel. And the narrowband interference (NBI) is modeled as a stationary process. Theoretical analysis of this algorithm reveals that it can eliminate the narrowband interference almost completely and can be computed by simple expression. Moreover, the sampling rate is very low.     

超宽带系统在窄带干扰条件下的性能研究

超宽带（Ultra Wide-Band，UWB）系统发射信号的带宽在一个非常大的频段范围内，易与已存在的窄带无线通信系统的带宽形成重叠。因此，有必要研究UWB系统在频段重合范围内的抗干扰能力。文中首先分析了直接扩频超宽带系统在最小均方误差准则检测方式下，RAKE接收机的比特误码率（Bit Error Rate，BERl，然后研究了普通窄带系统的功率谱密度，最后做出了仿真分析。结果表明，在CM1信道传播下，窄带干扰对UWB系统不会造成很大影响，而在CM2信道传播下会照成一定影响，必须通过其他通信手段如信道编码来降低BER，实现通信的可靠性。     

Performance of DS‐UWB in MB‐OFDM and multi‐user interference over Nakagami‐m fading channels

The mutual interference between the two ultra wideband (UWB) technologies, which use the same frequency spectrum, will be a matter of concern in the near future. In this context, we present a performance analysis of direct‐sequence (DS) UWB communication in the presence of multiband orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MB‐OFDM) UWB interfering transmissions. The channel fading is modeled according to Nakagami‐m distribution, and multi‐user interference is taken into account. The DS‐UWB system performance is evaluated in terms of bit error rate (BER). Specifically, using the characteristic function approach, an analytical expression for the average BER is derived conditioned on the channel impulse response. Numerical and simulation results are provided and compared for different coexistence scenarios. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.