小球藻基因工程选择标记研究

研究了小球藻对10种常见抗生素:庆大霉素、新霉素、氨苄青霉素、卡那霉素、头孢霉素、链霉素、G418、潮霉素、Zeocin和氯霉素的敏感性,发现小球藻对庆大霉素、新霉素、氨苄青霉素、卡那霉素、头孢霉素和链霉素不敏感;对G418和潮霉素较敏感;对Zeocin和氯霉素最敏感.利用统计学的方法和原理,确定了G418、潮霉素、Zeocin和氯霉素在海水培养基和淡化10倍的培养基中对小球藻的半致死剂量和95%可信限.为筛选出小球藻基因工程藻株的选择试剂,建立其遗传转化系统奠定了基础.     

雨生红球藻无菌化处理及其对生长和生理的影响

实验研究了雨生红球藻FACHB-712藻株对氨苄青霉素、卡那霉素、链霉素、庆大霉素4种抗生素的敏感性以及这4种抗生素对FACHB-712藻株生长的影响,结果表明:低质量浓度的链霉素、卡那霉素、庆大霉素对FACHB-712藻液中的细菌具有明显的抑制作用.但链霉素和卡那霉素的质量浓度为10μg·m L~(-1)时,雨生红球藻FACHB-712藻株的生长受到明显抑制,庆大霉素的质量浓度低于10μg·m L~(-1)时,对FACHB-712藻株的生长无明显影响.氨苄青霉素质量浓度为10~200μg·m L~(-1)时,对FACHB-712藻株生长具有促进作用,质量浓度为500μg·m L~(-1)时,则对FACHB-712藻株生长有一定的抑制作用.在此基础上,采用6种方法添加抗生素,除了A(300μg·m L~(-1)的氨苄青霉素和5μg·m L~(-1)庆大霉素连续处理6 d)和B(300μg·m L~(-1)的氨苄青霉素和5μg·m L~(-1)卡那霉素连续处理6 d)两种处理方法外,其他处理方法均能获得无菌藻株.无菌藻株与有菌藻株相比较,无菌藻株不易老化,游动营养细胞较多,厚壁孢子数量较少,但无菌藻株与有菌藻株在潜在最大光合效率、潜在最大光合速率、耐受强光的能力以及对光强的利用能力等光合能力方面无统计学上差异(P0.05).     

四种海洋致病弧菌对抗生素敏感性的测定

测定了4种海洋致病弧菌对8种常用抗生素药物的敏感性．测试结果表明，鳗弧菌对氯霉素、庆大霉素具有敏感性，但对其他所测药物均表现出耐药性；副溶血弧菌对四环素、卡那霉素、青霉素表现出耐药性，而对氯霉素、头孢娄新、庆大霉素、红霉素和链霉素则表现出敏感性；河流弧菌对四环素、链霉素表现出耐药性，对氯霉素、卡那霉素、头孢娄新、庆大霉素、青霉素和红霉素则表现出敏感性；溶藻弧菌仅对四环素表现出耐药性，对其他7种抗生素均表现出敏感性．同时针对表现出抗药性的药物，相应地确定了它们的最小抑菌质量浓度值．     

牛樟芝发酵液提取物抗耐药性细菌活性研究

采用抑菌圈法评价牛樟芝乙酸乙酯提取物对7种多重耐药性人体致病细菌(肺炎克雷伯菌、溶血性葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、粪肠球菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、绿脓杆菌)的抗菌活性,并检测相应致病细菌的最低抑制质量浓度.结果表明:牛樟芝提取物对7种供试细菌均有显著的抗菌活性.对多重耐药性鲍曼不动杆菌的最低抑制质量浓度达到6. 25 mg·m L-1,而质量浓度为50. 00 mg·m L-1的6种抗生素(氯霉素、庆大霉素、氨苄青霉素、链霉素、四环素、卡那霉素)对鲍曼不动杆菌均没有抑菌效果. 50. 00 mg·m L-1的牛樟芝提取物对绿脓杆菌的抑菌效果优于相同质量浓度下庆大霉素、氨苄青霉素、氯霉素.该研究有利于新型抗耐药性细菌药物的研发.     

盐藻的无菌培养及其抗生素标记的选择

对影响盐藻生长的NaNO3、NaH2PO4、NaHCO3和VB1、VB12、VH等几种主要营养盐进行了优化,在单因素实验的基础上做了四因素三水平正交实验,实验结果得出优化配方为N／P值固定为f／2培养基,NaNO3和NaH2PO4添加量为f／2培养基的10倍、NaHCO3 0．4g/L、VB1 100μg／L、VB12 1．0μg/L,其他元素按f／2培养基添加．对盐藻的选择标记进行了研究,选择了氯霉素、G418、潮霉素3种抗生素进行实验,得出氯霉素适合作为盐藻基因工程的筛选抗生素,CAT基因为其阳性筛选标记基因,固体培养基筛选浓度为80μg／mL．为该藻的进一步高密度大规模培养和分子水平的研究提供了依据．     

甜瓜致病菌株哈 17A的鉴定及其抗生素敏感性的初步分析

运用16SrDNA序列同源性分析、特异性引物PCR和全细胞脂肪酸分析的方法,对分离自新疆甜瓜罹病植株上的菌株哈17A的分类地位进行了鉴定,同时对其抗生素的敏感性也进行了初步分析。16SrDNA序列同源性分析表明该菌株的遗传进化距离与嗜酸菌属最近。对哈17A基因组的特异性PCR结果表明,能扩增出燕麦嗜酸菌特有的360bp的DNA片段;脂肪酸分析的结果说明,菌株哈17A中检测到13种不同的脂肪酸,其中比例较高的16:1 omega7c/15iso2OH占44.60%,16:0占37.44%。系统谱库中的标准菌株数值匹配结果:相似指数最高的Acidovorax avenaesubsp.cattleyae为0.835,其次A.avenaesubsp.citrulli相似指数为0.737;在其抗生素敏感性检测中,哈17A在分别含有卡那霉素、氯霉素、四环素的5种不同浓度的LB液体培养基中均未见生长,但在加有100μg/mL的氨苄青霉素LB液体培养基中有浑浊出现。以上试验结果表明:哈17A被鉴定为Acidovorax avenaesubsp.citrulli,对卡那霉素、氯霉素、四环素均敏感,对氨苄青霉素(100μg/mL)不敏感。     

紫球藻对抗生素的生物学效应

研究了基因工程中常用抗生素标记对紫球藻的生物学效应,结果表明紫球藻对青霉素、链霉素、庆大霉素以及卡那霉素较不敏感,剂量在100u/mL以下对其生长无显著影响,但能抑制或杀灭伴生的杂菌,因此这些抗生素可用于藻种纯化过程中抑菌;紫球藻对红霉素、氧氟沙星和土霉素非常敏感,低质量浓度就能杀死藻细胞,可用作基因工程或遗传育种的抗药性选择标记;对四环素和氯霉素较为敏感,明显抑制细胞生长,并呈浓度梯度效应.     

粘质沙雷氏菌（Serratia marcescens）的研究I-Serratia marcescens9—2菌株分离、分类鉴定和形态特征

9—2菌株为革兰氏阴性短杆菌，周生鞭毛，菌落红色，经自动微生物鉴定系统(VITECK—AMS—CC2)鉴定9—2菌株为粘质沙雷氏菌(Serratia marcescens)，鉴定为99％；9—2菌株对丁氨卡那、强力霉素、复方新诺明、氟哌酸和庆大霉素敏感，对卡那霉素中敏，对呋喃唑酮、头孢唑啉、氯霉素、链霉素、呋喃妥因、红霉素、青霉素G、氨苄青霉素和四环素不敏感；能产生灵杆菌素．     

粘质沙雷氏菌( Serratia marcescens) 的研究Ⅰ-Serratia marcescens 9 - 2 菌株分离、分类鉴定和形态特征

9-2菌株为革兰氏阴性短杆菌,周生鞭毛,菌落红色,经自动微生物鉴定系统(VITECK-AMS-CC2)鉴定9-2菌株为粘质沙雷氏菌(Serratia marcescens),鉴定为99%;9-2菌株对丁氨卡那、强力霉素、复方新诺明、氟哌酸和庆大霉素敏感,对卡那霉素中敏,对呋喃唑酮、头孢唑啉、氯霉素、链霉素、呋喃妥因、红霉素、青霉素G、氨苄青霉素和四环素不敏感;能产生灵杆菌素.     

硫酸链霉素的单扫描示波极谱法测定

建立了测定硫酸链霉素的新方法．在0．5mol/L NH3-NH4Cl(pH 10.4)缓冲溶液中，硫酸链霉素产生两个还原波，峰电位分别为-1．44V和-1．55V，其中-1．55V处还原波的二阶导数峰电流与硫酸链霉素浓度呈线性，线性范围为250-1100μg／mL，检测下限为200μg／mL。该方法用于注射液中硫酸链霉素含量的测定，结果满意．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.