丁腈橡胶/聚甲醛(POM)共混物的研究

研究了丙烯腈含量、橡塑比和硫化体系等对NBR／POM共混物性能的影响。结果表明：NBR中丙烯腈含量增加，共混物的拉伸强度显著提高；随着POM用量增加，共混物的拉伸强度变化不大，而撕裂强度明显提高，伸长率下降，硬度有规律的增加，耐油性能有所改善；选用过氧化物硫化体系或低硫高促硫化体系制备的NBR／POM二元共混物的性能较好。     

门尼黏度和结合丙烯腈质量分数对丁腈橡胶3604和2707力学性能和溶胀度的影响

研究了丁腈橡胶（NBR）3604和2707生胶门尼黏度和结合丙烯腈质量分数对硫化胶的拉伸强度、扯断伸长率及溶胀度的影响。结果表明，随着生胶门尼黏度的增加，NBR 3604和NBR 2707硫化胶的拉伸强度和扯断伸长率均呈线性增加的趋势，而溶胀度则均呈线性减小的趋势；NBR 3604和NBR 2707生胶门尼黏度每增加1个单位，硫化胶的拉伸强度分别增加0.15 MPa和0.02 MPa，扯断伸长率分别增加1.13%和1.30%，溶胀度分别减小0.02%和0.21%。随着结合丙烯腈质量分数的增加，NBR 3604和NBR2707硫化胶的拉伸强度均呈线性增大的趋势，而扯断伸长率和溶胀度则均呈线性减小的趋势；NBR 3604和NBR 2707结合丙烯腈质量分数每增加1%，硫化胶的拉伸强度均增加0.04 MPa，扯断伸长率分别减小0.08%和2.77%，溶胀度分别减小0.06%和0.25%。     

不同共混比NBR/CR共混胶的性能研究

研究了普通硫黄硫化体系下不同共混比的NBR/CR共混胶在热空气以及热油老化(100 ℃,72 h)前后物理机械性能的变化规律。结果表明,老化前随着CR用量的增多,NBR/CR共混胶的M_H-M_L随之增大,硫化程度变大,硬度变大,拉伸强度略微上升;热空气老化后,NBR/CR共混胶随CR用量的增多,拉伸强度略微上升,扯断伸长率下降,但其扯断伸长率变化率以及100%定伸应力变化率较NBR硫化胶的变化率小,即加入CR后NBR/CR共混胶耐热空气性能得到改善;NBR/CR共混胶经热油老化后,硬度下降,拉伸强度略微下降。     

NBR/CPE共混物的新型共硫化体系

过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）和三巯基均三嗪（TMT）并用作为NBR／CPE共混物的共硫化体系。实验表明：在DCP和TMT用量均为2份时，共混硫化胶的拉伸强度，扯断伸长率达到最大，而硬度，100％定伸应力最小；压缩永久形随硫化体系中TMT的增加略有增加，但变化不明显。     

有效硫化体系下对MPU/NBR共混胶性能的研究

探究了在有效硫化体系下,聚醚型混炼型聚氨酯橡胶(MPU)与丁腈橡胶(NBR)并用比对共混胶性能的影响。研究表明,NBR的加入使得共混胶硫化速度变快,随着NBR份数的增加,拉断强度和扯断伸长率不断下降,表观交联密度先减小后增大,不同伸长率下的定伸应力呈现不同的变化规律。共混胶耐热空气老化性能和耐热油老化性能优异,在80℃高温拉伸中,MPU的拉断强度折损率要高于NBR。在动态力学性能研究中发现,20份NBR的加入使得共混胶动态生热明显增大。     

NBR/PVC TPV与NBR/PVC共混胶的性能对比研究

以丁腈橡胶(NBR)和聚氯乙烯(PVC)树脂为基础材料,采用动态硫化和熔融共混的方法分别制备了NBR/PVC动态硫化热塑性弹性体(TPV)与NBR/PVC共混胶,并对TPV和共混胶的高温拉伸性、耐热空气老化性、耐油性以及动态力学性能进行了对比研究。研究结果表明,室温下,NBR/PVC TPV的拉伸强度高于共混胶的;温度高于50℃时,共混胶的拉伸强度则高于TPV的。在测试温度下,NBR/PVC TPV的断裂伸长率始终低于共混胶,两种材料在120℃时都失去使用价值。NBR/PVC TPV的耐热空气老化性能和耐3#标准油性能优于NBR/PVC共混胶的。NBR/PVC TPV初始弹性模量较高,共混胶的损耗因子峰值高于TPV的,两种材料损耗因子峰值温度基本相同。     

ZDMA/NBR纳米复合材料的性能研究

研究了甲基丙烯酸锌（ZDMA）/NBR纳米复合材料的静态和动态力学性能，并与炭黑N220/NBR体系进行了对比。试验结果表明，ZDMA/NBR胶料的硫化时间应比正硫化时间适当延长。与炭黑N220/NBR体系相比，ZD-MA/NBR硫化胶的邵尔A型硬度、拉伸强度、扯断伸长率、100%定伸应力和撕裂强度均较高，且具有更好的耐热空气老化性能和耐热油性能，ZDMA/NBR胶料的贮存模量较高，动态压缩生热较小，但动态压缩永久变形较大。     

丙烯腈含量对NBR/TPU共混物性能的影响

采用熔融共混的方法制备了丙烯腈含量不同的丁腈橡胶(NBR)和热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)的复合材料,探究了丙烯腈含量和填料对NBR/TPU共混物的物理机械性能及阻尼性能的影响。结果表明,随着丙烯腈含量增加,NBR/TPU共混物的拉伸强度和扯断伸长率明显提高,硬度略有增加;NBR/TPU共混物的玻璃化转变温度(T_g)向室温移动,有效阻尼温域变宽,阻尼性能得到改善。扫描电子显微镜结果显示,滑石粉作填料较白炭黑在NBR/TPU共混物中的分散性更好;动态热机械分析数据表明,滑石粉作填料时,NBR/TPU共混物的损耗因子峰值为1.18,比白炭黑作填料时的0.77有很大提升,有效阻尼温域也更宽。     

445/DDA防老体系对三元乙丙橡胶共混胶耐老化性能的影响

研究了445/DDA防老体系对三元乙丙橡胶共混胶耐老化性能的影响,研究表明,在防老剂445/DDA体系中,防老剂445用量增多会略微降低共混胶的硫化程度;当防老剂445用量为1.5份时,共混胶在老化过程中的扯断伸长率较高;防老剂DDA用量增多会略微降低共混胶的硫化程度;随着老化时间的变长,共混胶拉伸强度先上升后保持不变,扯断伸长率减小,当防老剂DDA用量为2份时,共混胶在175 ℃×120 h热空气老化后扯断伸长率最高。     

DCP/双酚AF硫化体系及用量对EPDM/FKM共混胶耐老化性能的影响

本文研究了DCP/双酚AF硫化体系及用量对EPDM/FKM共混胶耐老化性能的影响,研究表明,随着硫化剂DCP用量的变大,EPDM/FKM共混胶的硫化程度变大,工艺正硫化时间变小;老化前,共混胶拉伸强度变大,扯断伸长率先变大后变小,50%定伸应力变大;老化过程中,拉伸强度先变小后变大,扯断伸长率急剧变小,50%定伸应力略微增大。随着硫化剂双酚AF用量的变大,硫化程度基本不变,工艺正硫化时间变小;老化前,共混胶拉伸强度和扯断伸长率基本不变;老化过程中,拉伸强度先变小后变大,扯断伸长率急剧变小,50%定伸应力略微增大。     

官能化高乙烯基聚丁二烯橡胶与丁腈橡胶共混胶的性能

以氢化钠为活性剂、马来酸酐为改性剂,通过负离子反应对高乙烯基聚丁二烯橡胶(HVBR)进行官能化改性制备了官能化HVBR(FHVBR)。考察了FHVBR与丁腈橡胶(NBR)共混的质量比对FHVBR/NBR共混胶硫化特性、力学性能、耐热氧老化性能和电性能的影响,并通过差示扫描量热仪和扫描电子显微镜探讨了共混胶的两相相容性。结果表明,随着NBR用量的增加,FHVBR/NBR共混胶的硫化时间缩短、硫化效率提高,定伸应力和硬度增大,耐老化性能得以改善。NBR用量的增加使得FHVBR/NBR共混胶对不同频率下的微波吸收能力增强,共混胶的电阻率下降,导电性增强。然而,NBR用量增加导致共混胶的拉伸强度略有下降。     

Dynamically vulcanized acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene terpolymer/nitrile butadiene rubber blends compatibilized by chlorinated polyethylene

Thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) based on acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS)/nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) blends were prepared by dynamic vulcanization and then compatibilized by chlorinated polyethylene (CM). The effects of CM compatibilizer on the mechanical properties, Mullins effect, and morphological and dynamic mechanical properties of the TPVs were investigated systematically. Experimental results indicated that CM had an excellent compatibilization effect on the dynamically vulcanized ABS/NBR TPVs. Mullins effect results showed that the compatibilized ABS/NBR TPV had relatively lower internal friction loss than the ABS/NBR TPV, indicating the improvement of elasticity. Morphology studies showed that the fracture surfaces of ABS/CM/NBR TPVs were relatively smoother, indicating the improved elastic reversibility. DMA studies showed that the glass to rubber transition temperatures of ABS and NBR phases were slightly shifted toward each other with the incorporation of CM compatibilizer, which indicates the improvement of the compatibility. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40986.     

改性淀粉对炭黑填充丁苯橡胶/顺丁橡胶并用胶性能的影响

用改性淀粉替代部分炭黑填充丁苯橡胶(SBR)/顺丁橡胶(BR)并用胶,考察了改性淀粉用量及偶联剂种类对混炼胶硫化特性及硫化胶物理机械性能和动态力学性能的影响.结果表明,用改性淀粉替代部分炭黑可对SBR/BR混炼胶的硫化产生明显的延迟作用,但改性淀粉用量的变化对焦烧时间与正硫化时间影响不大;添加偶联剂KH-570或NDZ-201延迟了混炼胶的硫化过程,KH-550能大幅度地促进硫化作用,Si-69对于体系的硫化性能略有影响;随着改性淀粉用量的增加,SBR/BR硫化胶的拉伸性能、耐磨耗性均有所降低,但弹性、动态生热和滞后性能得到了明显改善,改性淀粉最佳用量为5～8份;各种偶联剂均可提高SBR/BR硫化胶的拉伸性能,硅烷偶联剂Si-69和KH-570对弹性和动态生热也略有改善,添加偶联剂KH-550改善了SBR/BR硫化胶的抗湿滑性能,但滞后性能变差,添加偶联剂KH-570或Si-69对SBR/BR硫化胶动态力学性能的影响较小,综合考虑,以添加偶联剂KH-570较好.     

撕裂模式下乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物/丁腈橡胶热塑性硫化胶的Mullins效应及其可逆回复

采用动态硫化法制备了乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物(EAA)/丁腈橡胶(NBR)热塑性硫化胶(TPV),对其撕裂强度、微观相结构、撕裂模式下的Mullins效应及热处理条件下的Mullins效应可逆回复行为进行了研究.结果表明,EAA/NBR TPV在EAA与NBR的质量比为40/60时的撕裂强度和应变较高.微观形貌观察可见,EA...     

Effect of dicumyl peroxide and phenolic resin as a mixed curing system on the mechanical properties and morphology of TPVs based on HDPE/ground tire rubber

Thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) are a special group of thermoplastic elastomer with the characteristic that consists of rubber elasticity and the processability of thermoplastic polymers. TPVs based on high density polyethylene (HDPE)/ground tire rubber (GTR) with phenolic resin (HY‐2045) and dicumyl peroxide (DCP) as vulcanizing agents are prepared through dynamic vulcanization in this article. The blends consisting of 40/60 HDPE/GTR are melt‐mixed in an internal mixer and then pressed with a compression molding machine. The aim of this experiment is to study the influence of a compound curing agent system on the mechanical properties of the HDPE/GTR composites. The results indicate that the mechanical properties of the HDPE/GTR blends are improved significantly by adding 4 phr HY‐2045 and 0.3 phr DCP than those of TPVs without any vulcanizing agents after dynamic vulcanization. The X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy study and the FTIR‐ATR analysis confirmed that the crosslinking phenomenon occurred in the preparation of TPVs; and the gel fraction analysis indicates that the GTR components and the HDPE components of the HDPE/GTR blends are all moderately crosslinked. In addition, the morphology of the HDPE/GTR blends has been investigated by scanning electron microscopy. POLYM. COMPOS., 36:1907–1916, 2015. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Improvement of the homogeneity of SBR/NBR blends using polyglycidylmethacrylate‐g‐butadiene rubber

Polyglycidylmethacrylate grafted butadiene rubber (PGMA‐g‐BR) was synthesized by a graft solution copolymerization technique. The PGMA content was determined through titration against HBr. The PGMA‐g‐BR was blended with styrene butadiene rubber/butadiene acrylonitrile rubber (SBR/NBR) blends with different blend ratios. The SBR/NBR (50/50) blend was selected to examine the compatibility of such blends. Compatibility was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and viscosity measurements. The scanning electron micrographs illustrate the change of morphology of the SBR/NBR rubber blend as a result of the incorporation of PGMA‐g‐BR onto that blend. The T_gs of SBR and NBR in the blend get closer upon incorporation of PGMA‐g‐BR 10 phr, which indicates improvement in blend homogeneity. The intrinsic viscosity (η) versus blend ratio graph shows a straight‐line relationship, indicating some degree of compatibility. Thermal stability of the compatibilized and uncompatibilized rubber blend vulcanizates was investigated by determination of the physicomechanical properties before and after accelerated thermal aging. Of all the vulcanizates with different blend ratios under investigation, the SBR/NBR (25/75) compatibilized blend possessed the best thermal stability. However, the SBR/NBR (75/25) compatibilized blend possessed the best swelling performance in brake fluid. The effect of various combinations of inorganic fillers on the physicomechanical properties of that blend, before and after accelerated thermal aging, was studied in the presence and absence of PGMA‐g‐BR. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 99: 1559–1567, 2006     

Mechanical properties and microstructure of acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber vulcanizates reinforced by in situ polymerized phenolic resin

The phenolic resin (PF) was incorporated into acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber (NBR) vulcanizates by in situ polymerization during the vulcanization process. It was found that the tensile strength, tearing strength, and tensile strength (300% elongation) could be considerably enhanced 59.4, 80.2, and 126.4%, respectively, at an optimum PF content of only 15 phr, but the elongation at break and shore A hardness were only slightly affected on the basis of silica‐reinforced NBR vulcanizates. A systematic study of the PF structure formed within the NBR matrix using various experimental schemes and procedures has revealed that the PF resin would form the localized discontinuous three‐dimensional interconnected network structures in the NBR matrix. The substantial reinforcement of PF on the mechanical properties of vulcanized NBR were attributed to the morphology, high flexibility, and moderate stiffness of the PF phases and their excellent bonding with rubbers through “rubber to rubber” and interface layer. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007     

共混橡胶的共硫化研究

探讨了多种共混橡胶的共硫化体系及其对共混橡胶性能的影响。其中采用共硫化剂硫化CO/ECO、CSM/NBR、IIR/EPDM、IIR/CIIR共混胶,采用复合硫化剂硫化PUR/CR、ACM/ECO、ACM/NBR、CR/CIIR、CR/SBR共混胶,研究了硫化体系品种和用量对几种共混胶的硫化特性和力学性能的影响,为共混橡胶的硫化提供研究方案和理论指导。     

Nanomodified fillers in chloroprene‐rubber‐compatibilized natural rubber/acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber blends

Because of the structural dissimilarity, natural rubber (NR) and acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber (NBR) are immiscible, and compatibilizers are used during their blending. Neoprene or chloroprene rubber (CR) has a polar chlorine part and a nonpolar hydrocarbon part. Also, it has many advantageous properties, such as oil resistance, toughness, a dynamic flex life, and adhesion capacity. Hence, it is not less scientific to use CR as a compatibilizer in the blending of NBR with NR. Because many fewer studies on the use of neoprene as a compatibilizer in NR–NBR blend preparation are available, efforts were made to prepare 20:80 NR–NBR blends with CR with the aim of studying the effect of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)‐coated nano calcium silicate along with nano N‐benzylimine aminothioformamide and stearic acid coated nano zinc oxide in the sulfur vulcanization of the blends. The optimum dosage of the compatibilizer was derived by the determination of the tensile properties, tear resistance, abrasion resistance, compressions set, and swelling values. The tensile strength, tear resistance, and abrasion resistance of the gum vulcanizates of the blend were improved by the compatibilizing action of CR up to 5 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr). In the case of the filled vulcanizates, the tear resistance, 300% modulus, hardness, and abrasion resistance increased with increasing dosage of nano calcium silicate. The elongation at break percentage decreased as expected when there was an increase in the modulus. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the phase morphology of the blends. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

动态硫化丁腈橡胶/尼龙6热塑性弹性体的制备及性能

采用动态硫化法制备了丁腈橡胶/尼龙6热塑性弹性体(NBR/PA 6 TPV),考察了硫化体系、羧基丁腈橡胶(XNBR)以及增塑剂高密度氧化聚乙烯蜡(AC-316 A)和正丁基苯磺酰胺(BBSA)对TPV硫化特性、力学性能和微观形貌的影响。结果表明,以促进剂HVA-2/促进剂DM为硫化体系,动态硫化过程体系黏度的变化比以酚醛树脂/SnCl2为硫化体系时更平稳;但用后者制备TPV,其撕裂强度和扯断伸长率等力学性能更优,PA 6的结晶度更低。XNBR能对NBR和PA 6起到增容作用,当XNBR与NBR的质量比为10/90时,TPV的力学性能最好,NBR在PA 6中分散得最均匀。AC-316 A和BBSA都能对TPV起到增塑作用,随其用量的增加,体系黏度降低。