料饼中颗粒分布的无损精准测定方法

对于物料经高压料床挤压粉碎后形成的料饼中细粉含量难测定、在不破坏级配的情况下难打散的问题,提出一种用于测定料饼中颗粒分布的方法：采用球磨机中装入轻质低密研磨体（橡胶球等）的料饼打散装置;通过试验和数据分析设置研磨体的参数、研磨打散时间T;在此参数配置下用磨机打散挤压后的料饼,再对打散的物料进行筛析。如此,既可实现料饼的充分打散,而又能在不改变此物料级配的情况下得到粒度的分布。进一步地,可用于开展辊压机等料床粉碎设备的挤压破碎和闭路循环挤压的实验研究工作,为料床粉碎设备的闭路循环挤压实验研究提供新的分析手段和方法。     

辊压机称重仓下料装置自动控制的改进

我公司水泥粉磨采用的是球磨机加辊压机系统,辊压机型号为HFCG140-80,球磨机为Φ4.2m×13m,打散机型号为SF600/140,料饼提升机型号为NSE700。物料从配料站经皮带输送直接进入称重仓,仓下手动棒阀全开,物料进入辊压机,出辊压机的料饼由提升机进入打散机。细粉入磨,粗粉回称重仓。由于称重仓内物料时有细粉,容易产生冲料现象,中控室通知现场关闭手动棒阀不及时,就会使辊压机产生振动,料饼提升机电流增大而跳停（正常运行时提升机电流在120～140A之间）,增加了设备停机次数,影响正常生产。     

影响半终粉磨系统产量的因素简析

半终粉磨是近年来较为流行的粉磨系统,其特点是工艺先进,产量高,能耗小,细度控制容易。浩良河水泥有限责任公司引进德国洪堡公司的设备,并采用了这种系统,自投产以来,使用情况良好,取得了较好的经济效益。1 工艺流程及主要设备1．1 工艺流程（见图1） 物料经配料站进辊压机,在辊压机中被挤压形成料饼,输送到打散机,料饼经打散机打碎后进入选粉机,选粉机选出的细粉入磨,经过研磨后,成品入库。选粉机分离出的粗粉重新回到辊压机进行挤压。辊压机、打散机、选粉机组成圈流系统,球磨为开流。图1 工艺流程图1．2 主要设备（表1）2…     

应用新型筛板提高打散分级机选粉效率

通过研究打散分级机筛分板的构造及筛选过程，分析不同筛分板的有效筛滤面积和通孔率，对打散分级机的筛分板进行了改造，应用新型篦式筛分板代替原有网孔式筛分板，使得物料在打散分级机筛分板上的有效行程增长，选粉效率提高，打散分级机回料中细粉含量减少，辊压机的无用功减少，磨机台时产量提高。     

水泥联合粉磨的特点

水泥粉磨系统已从早期的预粉磨、混合粉磨和部分终粉磨扩展到目前的联合粉磨。联合粉磨指辊压机自成系统，生产半成品与球磨机生产的水泥成品进行联合。辊压机出来的料饼经打散机打散后入选粉机选粉，粗料全部返回辊压机再压，细粉部分作为中问成品喂入后续球磨机。     

料床挤压粉碎料饼的粒度的测定方法

对于高压料床挤压粉碎时难以定量检测料饼中细粉含量的问题，本文从理论结合实验提出了一种间接有效的检测方法。通过对不同阶段特点的分析，提出采用球磨机多次研磨并通过回归算法计算原始料饼的颗粒分布，进而准确的评价设备的粉磨效果。     

静态分级机分级效率在辊压机联合粉磨系统中的重要性

1前言 具有对料饼进行打散和粗细分级双重功能的静态分级机作为与辊压机配套使用的料饼打散分选设备,是挤压联合粉磨工艺系统中的关键设备之一,在挤压联合粉磨工艺系统第一阶段的粉磨作业中发挥着至关重要的作用。因此,静态分级机对经辊压机挤压后的物料的打散和分级效果关系着整个粉磨工艺系统技术经济指标的优劣。本文将要讨论的是静态分级机的分级效率在整个粉磨系统中有可能发现的问题和解决的方法。     

消除不利因素提高磨机台时

我集团某公司150万t／a水泥粉磨站采用如下工艺流程：由回转窑熟料、矿渣、石子、石膏组成的混合料在库底配料后，经胶带输送机喂人辊压机稳流称重仓。胶带输送机上方分别设有一台挂式电磁除铁器和金属探测仪，以避免含铁物件进入辊压机。稳流称重仓上安装有称重传感器、变送器，其信号送至DCS集散控制系统，以确保辊压机实现均匀恒定的喂料量。经辊压机挤压后的物料（含料饼）经打散分级机分选，小于2mm粒径的物料送人高细球磨机继续粉磨，粗粉返回稳流小仓，再次挤压。出高细球磨机水泥和磨尾袋式除尘器收集的水泥直接作为成品进入水泥库。整个生产线工艺流程见图1，主机设备参数见表1。     

挤压联合粉磨系统的应用

我公司于１９９５年开始筹建,在筹建过程中,水泥粉磨工艺引进了挤压联合粉磨技术。１９９６年７月投产到现在,经过不断研究和探索,使水泥磨的产量有了明显的提高（从原设计台时产量２９ｔ／ｈ提高到４０．７３ｔ／ｈ）,取得了较好的经济效益。１挤压联合粉磨系统原理此系统是将挤压后的物料（包括料饼）先经打散分级机分选,小于一定粒径的半成品（一般为小于０５～３ｍｍ）送入磨机继续粉磨,粗颗粒返回挤压机再次挤压。磨机则采用开路系统。通过打散分级机控制入磨物料的最大粒径,挤压机和磨机系统所承担粉碎功能的界限很明确,可以通过优化…     

筛面运动方式对筛分效果的影响

建立了圆振动筛和直线振动筛的力学模型,并进行了动力学分析,得到了振动筛的运动方程,说明圆振动筛筛面接近质心处为圆运动,两端为椭圆运动,距离质心越远,椭圆长轴和短轴的差值越大;而直线振动筛筛面各点均为直线振动。研究了圆振动筛和直线振动筛筛面运动形式对筛分效果的影响,结果表明:圆振动筛大多采用"正八字"激振器布置方式,增加颗粒与筛孔比较的机会,有利于筛面的充分利用和透筛率的提高;圆振动筛筛面各点振动参数不同,适于粗颗粒分级和原煤筛分。直线振动筛筛面各点振动方向和振幅相同,物料进入筛面分层后有规律地沿筛面运动,不易打散,增加了底层物料与筛面的接触时间,有利于底层物料的透筛,适于物料的脱介、脱泥、脱水和细粒物料的筛分。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。