生物杀虫剂甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的荧光光谱研究

采用荧光猝灭光谱、同步荧光光谱研究生物杀虫剂甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐（Emamectin Benzoate,EB）与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）相互作用的方式及机理.结果表明,EB可动态猝灭BSA内源荧光;在温度为290 K、300 K、310 K时它们的结合常数（Kb）分别为1.38×103L.mol-1、3.91×103L.mol-1和6.38×104L.mol-1,结合位点分别为0.97、1.02和1.32;通过计算热力学参数可推断二者主要靠疏水作用力结合.同步荧光光谱研究表明EB对BSA构象未产生影响,其结合位点更接近于色氨酸.     

光谱法研究四(对甲氧基苯基)卟啉镍与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

合成了四(对甲氧基苯基)卟啉镍,采用荧光光谱法和紫外-可见吸收光谱法研究四(对甲氧基苯基)卟啉镍与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的结合作用,通过不同条件下四(对甲氧基苯基)卟啉镍对BSA作用引起的荧光强度的变化,得出猝灭的最佳条件.利用荧光猝灭的Stern-Volmer方程和静态猝灭公式线性拟合,求得最佳条件下反应的荧光猝灭过程速率常数K q=3.09×1012L·mol-1·s-1,结合常数K A=2.62×104L·mol-1,结合数n=0.991.证实了四(对甲氧基苯基)卟啉镍对BSA的荧光猝灭属于静态猝灭.     

光谱法研究加替沙星与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

采用荧光光谱和紫外吸收光谱法研究牛血清白蛋白与加替沙星的相互作用机制.由荧光光谱可知加替沙星对牛血清白蛋白有猝灭作用;用Stern-Volmer方程求得在17℃和25℃温度下它们的结合常数分别为1.14×107L·mol-1和6.30×106L·mol-1,结合位点数分别为1.46和1.44;用热力学方程处理实验数据得到结合反应的相关参数(25℃):△H=53.46 kJ·mol-1,△G=-38.79 kJ·mol-1,△S=49.24 J·K-1·mol-1;并用三维荧光光谱和同步荧光光谱探讨加替沙星对牛血清白蛋白构象的影响.实验结果表明,加替沙星对牛血清白蛋白的猝灭方式为静态猝灭,它们间的主要作用力为静电作用.     

光谱法研究6-糠氨基嘌呤与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

利用荧光光谱法、紫外光谱法、荧光寿命和圆二色光谱法等方法研究了6-糠氨基嘌呤(KT)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)之间相互作用机理.结果表明,KT可以显著猝灭BSA的内源荧光,其猝灭机制为静态猝灭,猝灭常数Ksv在288 K和303 K时分别为1.45×104和1.42×104L/mol,Stern-Volmer曲线是两段相交于cKT=8.0×10-5mol/L的回归曲线,说明KT与BSA之间存在两类结合位点.数据处理及热力学参数计算表明:低浓度KT-BSA(cKT8.0×10-5mol/L)的结合主要是疏水作用,结合位点数约为1;较高浓度KT(cKT8.0×10-5mol/L)主要以氢键、范德华力与BSA结合,结合位点数为3.7.紫外光谱和圆二色光谱实验结果表明,KT的存在使BSA二级结构发生了改变.     

荧光光谱法研究尼麦角林与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

目的:模拟正常人体生理条件下,采用荧光光谱技术研究尼麦角林与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)相互作用的机制.方法:通过荧光光谱法确定尼麦角林对BSA荧光淬灭的机制,采用Stern-volmer方程和Lineweaver-Burk双倒数方程计算反应的猝灭常数和形成常数,采用双对数方程计算两者结合常数和结合位点数,热力学公式计算反应前后焓变和熵变确定两者结合的主要作用力类型.结果:尼麦角林在0.25×l0-4~2.25×l0-4 mol·L-1浓度范围内,对BSA的内源荧光有较强的淬灭作用,淬灭类型属于静态荧光淬灭.在温度25℃和37℃时,尼麦角林与BSA的结合常数分别为3.499×104 L·mol-1和5.213×104 L·mol-1,结合位点数分别为1.21和1.25.由热力学参数焓变(ΔH=11.05 KJ·mol-1)大于零和熵变(ΔS=74.87J·mol-1·K-1)大于零,确定尼麦角林与BSA之间的作用力以疏水作用力为主.结论:尼麦角林与BSA通过疏水作用形成复合物,经静态猝灭机制引起BSA内源性荧光猝灭.     

采用荧光猝灭法研究穗花杉双黄酮与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

目的:运用荧光猝灭法研究不同温度下穗花杉双黄酮(AMF)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用.方法:采用荧光光谱研究AMF与BSA之间的猝灭类型,计算二者之间的结合常数及结合位点数等.结果:穗花衫双黄酮能使BSA发生内源性荧光猝灭,属静态猝灭机制.在298,308,318 K下,AMF与BSA结合常数分别为6.73,6.38,6.17 L·mol-1,结合位点数n近似为1;热力学分析表明AMF与BSA之间结合力为静电力作用;同步荧光光谱表明AMF使BSA构象发生改变,且色氨酸所处微环境的疏水性增强.结论:荧光猝灭法可用于AMF与BSA之间结合反应的研究,方法简便,灵敏度高.     

荧光光谱法研究香豆素-3-羧酸与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

利用荧光光谱、紫外吸收光谱法研究了香豆素-3-羧酸与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用.结果表明:香豆素-3-羧酸对BSA的荧光猝灭为静态猝灭,香豆素-3-羧酸与BSA 1∶1结合形成复合物,结合常数与结合位点分别为3.21×104L·mo L-1,0.974 6(298 K)和2.00×104L·mo L-1,0.949 5(310 K),两者之间的作用力以氢键和范德华力为主.同步荧光光谱表明,香豆素-3-羧酸与色氨酸残基发生了作用,从而使其所处的微环境发生了改变.     

猪去氧胆酸与BSA相互作用研究

目的:采用荧光光谱法研究猪去氧胆酸(HDCA)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用.方法:根据25℃及37℃温度下HDCA对BSA的荧光猝灭作用,通过Stern-volmer方程和Lineweaver-Burk双倒数方程计算反应的猝灭常数和形成常数以判断荧光猝灭类型,采用双对数方程计算HDCA与BSA的结合常数(KA)和结合位点数(n),最后采用热力学公式计算反应前后焓变和熵变确定两者结合的主要作用力类型.结果:HDCA对BSA的荧光淬灭作用属于静态荧光淬灭.在温度25℃和37℃时,HDCA与BSA的结合常数分别为0.258×106 L·mol-1和0.453×104 L·mol-1,结合位点数分别0.92和0.62.由于热力学参数焓变(ΔH=-258.72 KJ·mol-1)和熵变(ΔS=-0.76 J·mol-1·K-1)均小于零,因此确定HDCA与BSA之间的作用力主要为氢键和范德华力作用.结论:HDCA与BSA通过氢键和范德华力形成复合物,经静态猝灭机制引起BSA内源性荧光猝灭.     

头孢药物与牛血清白蛋白相互作用研究

用荧光光谱法、紫外光谱法和凝胶电泳法研究了药物头孢匹胺与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)之间的作用机制.结果表明,头孢匹胺与BSA 之间主要以较强的氢键和范德华力结合,形成的化合物致使牛血清白蛋白的内源荧光猝灭,猝灭机理主要为静态猝灭.二者结合常数为4.288×104 L·mol-1(18℃),结合位点数约为1,头孢匹胺和BSA色氨酸残基结合距离 r=2.06nm;同时二者相互作用并不影响蛋白结构,使蛋白质原有生物活性继续保持.     

呋塞米与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的研究及共存金属离子的影响

利用紫外和荧光技术研究了在优化的实验条件下,呋塞米与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)相互作用及常见金属离子对BSA-呋塞米体系的影响.结果表明Pb2+、Mg2+、Co2+、Fe3+、Cu2+对呋塞米与BSA的结合有明显竞争作用.发现呋塞米对BSA有较强的荧光猝灭作用,测定了该反应的表观结合常数、结合位点数及结合位置.根据热力学参数确定了该药物与BSA之间的作用力类型,两者之间的作用力类型主要为范德华力和氢键.呋塞米在BSA中的结合位点主要位于亚螺旋域ⅡA.Hill系数约等于1,表明呋塞米对结合作用几乎无协同作用.同时应用同步荧光技术研究了呋塞米对BSA构象的影响.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.