3-(5-芳基-[1,3,4]噁二唑-2-亚甲硫基)-5-(4-硝基吡咯)-2-基-4-芳基-[1,2,4]三唑的合成及抗菌活性

用3-(4-硝基吡咯)-2-基-4-芳基-1,2,4-三唑-5-硫醇与5-芳基-2-氯甲基-1,3,4-二唑缩合,得到10个新型多杂环化合物。其结构经元素分析、IR、MS及~1HNMR确证。研究了目标化合物的体外抗菌活性(MIC和IC_(50))。结果显示,化合物3-(5-对氯苯基-[1,3,4]二唑-2-亚甲硫基)-5-(4-硝基吡咯)-2-基-4-苯基-[1,2,4]三唑和3-(5-对氯苯基-[1,3,4]二唑-2-亚甲硫基)-5-(4-硝基吡咯)-2-基-4-对甲基苯基-[1,2,4]三唑表现出一定的体外抗菌活性,含硝基吡咯环的二唑多杂环类化合物有可能成为新型结构的抗菌药物。     

2-对溴苯基-5-芳基-1,3,4噁二唑类化合物的合成研究

设计并合成了3个2-对溴苯基-5-芳基-1,3,4-噁二唑类化合物,它们是进一步合成具有光电功能特性的噁二唑类化合物的重要前体。探讨了不同的合成条件和途径,发现以P(Ph)3/(Et)3N/CCl4作为脱水剂来合成非对称的1,3,4-噁二唑是较好的合成方法。     

1,3,4-噁二唑衍生物在农药活性中的研究进展

正在农用化学品中,1,3,4-噁二唑衍生物具有抗菌、杀虫杀螨、除草、抗病毒等广泛的生物活性,成为农药化学研究的热点。许多商品化的农药品种中含有1,3,4-噁二唑结构,如除草剂噁草酮、杀虫剂噁虫酮等。笔者从创制高效、低毒和环境友好的新农药出发,对该类化合物近十几年来在农用化学品中的研究工作进行了分类介绍,并对它的发展趋势、应用前景作了进一步展望。1具有抗菌活性的1,3,4-噁二唑类化合物     

3-N-三氟乙酰基-2,5-二芳基-1,3,4-噁唑啉类化合物的合成及抗癌活性研究

以芳香酸为原料,通过酯化、肼解制得芳基甲酰肼,芳基甲酰肼再与芳香醛反应得到相应的酰腙,最后酰腙与三氟乙酸酐反应脱水环化成标题化合物,并利用IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、ESI-MS和元素分析对8个目标化合物的结构进行了表征。用MTT方法评价了它们在体外对HepG-2,A549-1和231-2 3种癌细胞株的体外生长抑制活性。结果表明,所合成的8个新化合物均具有潜在的体外抑制癌细胞生长活性,其中3-N-三氟乙酰基-2-(4-溴苯基)-5-(4-氟苯基)-1,3,4-噁唑啉、3-N-三氟乙酰基-2-(4-氯苯基)-5-(4-氟苯基)-1,3,4-噁唑啉活性最强。     

2-(4-氨基苯基)-5-(2-烷氧基苯基)-1,3,4-(噁)二唑的合成及表征

以对硝基苯甲酸和水杨酸甲酯为起始原料合成了两种新的1,3,4-噁二唑类化合物——2-(4-氨基苯基)-5-(2-乙氧基苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑和2-(4-氨基苯基)-5-(2-戊氧基苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑。合成过程中,1,3,4-噁二唑化合物上的硝基采用钯碳催化氢化的方法还原成氨基,使后处理变得容易,产率显著提高,分别达98.4%和96%。通过IR和1HNMR确证了相关化合物的结构。     

2-甲基-5-(4-硝基苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑的合成研究

目的:1,3,4-噁二唑具有重要的生物活性,被广泛应用于医药,农药,发光材料等方面。本文主要研究了1,3,4-噁二唑的一种衍生物2-甲基-5-(4-硝基苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑的合成方法,以及对其结构的确定。方法:根据查阅大量文献资料,合成了一条新的合成路线,及以对甲基苯甲酸为原料与二氯亚砜反应生成对硝基苯甲酰氯,此生成物再与甲醇、水合肼、原乙酸三乙酯反应生成2-甲基-5-(4-硝基苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑。结论:本路线经过傅克酰化反应,加成取代反应,缩合反应等得到最终产物。并经过了HNMR等对其结构表征。     

2-芳基-5-氯甲基-1,3,4-(口恶)二唑的改进合成方法

芳酸与氯乙酰肼在二甲苯中用三氯氧磷作催化剂,一步高收率合成2-芳基-5-氯甲基-1,3,4-噁二唑。     

1,3,4-噁二唑-2-酮类化合物的合成及生物活性

研究合成了一系列5-苯基-3-氢-1,3,4-噁二唑-2-酮的衍生物,其结构经1H NMR和质谱确认.所有目标化合物经生物活性测试,发现具有一定的杀菌、杀虫活性.     

2,5-二芳基-1,3,4-噁二唑化合物的合成研究

以水杨酸为原料,通过硝化和酯化反应得到5-硝基水杨酸甲酯;三氯氧磷催化作用下,对5-硝基水杨酸甲酯和单酰肼缩合反应得到的芳香双酰肼进行环合,制备得到2个2,5-二芳基-1,3,4-噁二唑类化合物,其结构和荧光性能经IR、1HNMR和荧光测试技术加以确证。     

具有农药活性物1,3,4-噁二唑硫醚类化合物研究进展

1,3,4-噁二唑硫醚衍生物具有广谱生物活性,从抑菌、杀虫、除草及抗病毒等农药活性方面综述了1,3,4-噁二唑硫醚类化合物研究进展,期望为1,3,4-噁二唑硫醚衍生物在农业方面的应用提供依据。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

基于ATRP法制备的触角状亲水性羟胺树脂的吸硼性能的研究

以大分子引发剂氯乙酰化聚苯乙烯微球(PS-acyl-Cl)经原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)法引发丙烯酰胺(AM)和甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)单体的共聚接枝,制得一种触角状亲水性环氧载体(PS-acyl-g-P(AM-co-GMA)),再经二乙醇胺(DEA)的环氧基开环胺化反应,得到一种含多个-NCH2CH2OH螯合配基的多齿-五元螯合环的触角状亲水性羟胺树脂(PS-acyl-g-P(AM-co-GMA)-DEA)。将此树脂用于硼吸附研究,结果表明,PS-acyl-g-P(AM-co-GMA)-DEA树脂对硼的吸附满足Langmuir方程,为单分子层吸附;饱和吸附量约为37.7 mg·g-1,且树脂5 min即可达到吸附平衡,与其它已报道的吸硼树脂相比,该树脂具有更高的吸附量和吸硼速率。吸附动力学研究表明,树脂吸附硼的过程主要由颗粒扩散过程控制。重复使用5次后该树脂的吸附量基本不变,解吸率均在90%以上,重复使用性能良好。