MIMO单载波分数阶傅里叶域均衡系统及最优阶次选择方法

单载波频域均衡（SC-FDE）技术可以有效地克服无线传输中的多径衰落,而多输入多输出（MIMO）能大大提高频谱利用率。两者的结合已成为下一代无线通信系统上行链路的传输方案。然而,当无线信道是快速时变时, MIMO SC-FDE系统的频域信道矩阵将为非对角矩阵,形成严重的频域子信道间干扰,使系统性能急剧下降。针对这一问题,本文采用在分数阶傅里叶域均衡代替传统频域均衡,提出MIMO单载波分数阶傅里叶域均衡（MIMO SC-FrFDE ）系统。通过选择合适的分数阶傅里叶变换阶次,实现分数阶傅里叶域信道矩阵的近似对角化。仿真结果表明,在快速时变信道下,本文提出的MIMO SC-FrFDE系统比传统MIMO SC-FDE具有更好的误码率性能。     

分数阶傅里叶域滤波器组的一般化设计方法

 分数阶傅里叶变换相对于传统的傅里叶变换具有灵活的时频分析特性,在最优分数阶傅里叶域进行滤波可以实现对某些非平稳信号的最优检测和参数估计以及对某些干扰和噪声的滤除.分数阶傅里叶域滤波器组理论的提出弥补了分数阶傅里叶域滤波不具备多尺度分析以及运算量过大的缺点,但现有的分数阶傅里叶域准确重建滤波器组设计方法不具备形式一般化的特点,很难满足很多实际工程的需要.本文从分数阶傅里叶域多抽样率信号处理基本理论和分数阶卷积定理出发,推导出了分数阶傅里叶域准确重建滤波器组的一般化设计方法,为分数阶傅里叶域滤波器组理论在实际工程中的推广应用奠定了理论基础.最后,仿真实验验证了本文所提分数阶傅里叶域滤波器组一般化设计方法的有效性.     

分数阶傅立叶变换OFDM系统自适应均衡算法

由于子载波间干扰(ICI)的影响,传统OFDM系统均衡方法在快速衰落的信道环境下性能有较大下降.本文提出了一种基于分数阶傅立叶变换的OFDM系统自适应均衡方法,它用分数阶傅立叶变换代替傅立叶变换进行子载波调制与解调,同时在分数阶傅立叶域对接收信号进行自适应均衡.文中给出了最优分数阶傅立叶变换阶次的选取方法,和分数阶傅立叶域最小均方算法的步骤.分析和数值仿真结果表明,最优分数阶傅立叶域的自适应均衡算法较传统频域方法有更好的均衡效果,并且复杂度不高.     

分数阶傅里叶域两通道滤波器组

 基于两通道滤波器组构建的子带信号处理方法已在图像、语音信号处理中得到广泛的应用.本文从分数阶傅里叶域多抽样率信号处理基本理论和分数阶卷积定理出发,推导了分数阶傅里叶域两通道滤波器组准确重建的基本条件,并基于传统傅里叶域有限长标准正交镜像滤波器组和共轭正交镜像滤波器组的原型滤波器设计了分数阶傅里叶域标准正交镜像滤波器组和共轭正交镜像滤波器组.本文所提出的结论为分数阶傅里叶域滤波器组理论的建立提供了基本依据,同时也为分数阶傅里叶变换在图像、语音信号处理等工程实践中的应用奠定了理论基础.最后,仿真实验验证了所提分数阶傅里叶域滤波器设计方法的有效性.     

DSSS系统LFM干扰抑制技术研究

针对传统的傅里叶变换只能对平稳干扰信号具有较好的抑制能力而对非平稳的LFM干扰信号不能有效抑制,该文引入了分数阶傅里叶变换（FRFT）,在分数阶傅里叶域给出了一种LFM信号最佳旋转角度确定的算法,并利用该算法对LFM在分数阶傅里叶域进行干扰抑制。仿真结果表明,该算法能够准确确定LFM信号在分数阶傅里叶域的最佳旋转角度,...     

基于叠加Chirp信号的载波频率捕获方法研究

以Chirp信号作为参考序列,以弱功率直接与成型滤波后的有用数据叠加,然后经载波调制发送,节约了带宽资源和功率资源。在接收端利用Chirp信号的恒包络性和Chirp信号在相应分数阶傅里叶域的时频聚集特性,对接收信号进行分数阶傅里叶变换(FRFT),搜索到峰值坐标、完成Chirp信号参数估计,从而得出载波的多普勒频偏和频偏变化率,完成载波捕获,并抵消掉叠加信号,经仿真验证,该理论方法可行。     

基于分数阶傅里叶变换的正交频分复用系统同步分析

在基于分数阶傅里叶变换的正交频分复用系统中,分析并讨论了载波频率误差、采样频率误差以及时间同步误差对系统性能的影响,并与传统的基于普通傅里叶变换的正交频分复用系统的同步性能进行了比较.仿真结果表明:当系统参数选择适当时,基于分数阶傅里叶变换的正交频分复用系统在载波频率误差方面具有较好的同步性能.     

分数阶傅里叶滤波在欺骗干扰中的应用研究

分数阶傅里叶变换较之于传统傅里叶变换能更有效地将线性调频信号与噪声分离.但分数阶傅里叶域频谱能量的聚集性受信号占空比及调频带宽两方面影响,当占空比较小并且调频带宽很宽时,往往难以得到尖锐的谱峰.本文提出短时滑窗方式的分数阶傅里叶滤波方法,分析了时频域截断对其频谱的影响,在此基础上提供一种低信噪比情况下线性调频信号的检测准则,进而详细论述分数阶傅里叶域滤波的流程.仿真结果表明,运用这种准流水方式的滤波方法处理盲信号,信噪比可提高10dB以上,而有用信号的能量损失却极小.在雷达的欺骗干扰领域应用此方法可提高干扰性能.     

基于LFM-OTDR的超长跨距光纤电力通信链路监测

为了降低电力通信系统中白噪声和随机多径噪声,提出了2种基于线性调频-光时域反射仪(LFM-0TDR)技术的监测方案,即单频LFM-0TDR方案和频分复用LFM-0TDR(FDM-LFM-0TDR)方案.该监测方案采用LFM光脉冲信号作为探测信号,利用分数阶傅里叶变换将后向散射回来的探测信号变换到分数阶傅里叶域进行信号处...     

基于分数阶傅里叶变换的线性调频信号分辨率分析

分数阶傅里叶变换(FRFT)是分析线性调频信号(LFM)最有效的工具之一.本文研究了LFM信号在分数阶傅里叶域(FRFD)上的分辨性能以及变换阶次上的分辨性能,并研究了变换阶次误差对输出信噪比的影响,分别得到了 FRFD分辨率、变换阶次分辨率、输出信噪比损失与信号持续时间及调频率的关系,为利用FRFT进行LFM信号检测和参数估计时的分辨率分析、变换阶次搜索步长的选择等提供一定的理论参考.     

Fast frequency hopping OFDM concept

A system concept, combining orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with fast frequency hopping (FFH), termed FFH/OFDM concept, is illustrated. Data symbols in the frequency domain are mapped to time domain samples by a unitary transformation based on a shuffled version of the well-known inverse discrete Fourier transform. The FFH/OFDM concept shows a promising performance.     

Mitigation of the moving radio interferences in the OFDM‐based power line communication channels in China

Under some special environments in China, there exist moving radio radiations with high transmission powers that can degrade the performance of the power line communications systems significantly. Such radiations overlap with the OFDM‐based signals in time and frequency domains, and hence, it is very difficult to mitigate directly if not possible. The paper introduced the fractional Fourier transform trying to deal with such moving radio interferences. When using the fractional Fourier transform to separate signals and noises/interferences, the fractional order plays a key role, but there is no method to obtain its optimal value in the published papers. In the paper, like for the time‐frequency representations, we defined the second moments of the fractional Fourier transform of the signal. The fractional order, corresponding the maximum of the second moments, is the one used to separate the OFDM signals and the moving radio interferences, which is modelled as the Doppler signals in our scheme. The proposed method can mitigate the moving radio interferences significantly by applying the proposed method to the simulated OFDM signals and the measurements data. The results also show that the system's BERs can be improved from 10⁻² to 10⁻⁵ for lower signal‐noise‐rate (SNR), and from 10⁻⁴ to 10⁻⁹ for high SNRs. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Anti-scanning research for MPWFRFT communication signals

Due to the importance of weighted fractional Fourier transform (WFRFT) applications, it has become an important technology in the fields of OFDM and CDMA. Although the single parameter weighted fractional Fourier transform (SPWFRFT) is the most widely used method at present, the multiple-parameter weighted fractional Fourier transform (MPWFRFT) has received increasing attention in order to further improve the anti-scanning performance of the system. Thus, considering the characteristics of digital communications signals with the MPWFRFT, the anti-scanning method is investigated herein. By studying the process of the SPWFRFT, we establish the influence factors and calculate the weighted coefficients. Then, the influence factor is spread, and multiple parameters are added, which allow MPWFRFT processing to be studied in-depth. Based on this research, we carry out anti-scanning research under different conditions. By studying the relationship between the parameters M and V, the optimal parameter setting rules are given. Further, the bit error rate is discussed emphatically, and the minimum scanning interval of all parameters is given. In addition, we discuss the complexity and how to easily decode the useful signals at the receiver, and then the anti-scanning performance of MPWFRFT communication systems is proved.

     

Low Complexity Discrete Hartley Transform Precoded OFDM System over Frequency‐Selective Fading Channel

Orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing (OFDM) suffers from spectral nulls of frequency‐selective fading channels. Linear precoded (LP‐) OFDM is an effective method that guarantees symbol detectability by spreading the frequency‐domain symbols over the whole spectrum. This paper proposes a computationally efficient and low‐cost implementation for discrete Hartley transform (DHT) precoded OFDM systems. Compared to conventional DHT‐OFDM systems, at the transmitter, both the DHT and the inverse discrete Fourier transform are replaced by a one‐level butterfly structure that involves only one addition per symbol to generate the time‐domain DHT‐OFDM signal. At the receiver, only the DHT is required to recover the distorted signal with a single‐tap equalizer in contrast to both the DHT and the DFT in the conventional DHT‐OFDM. Theoretical analysis of DHT‐OFDM with linear equalizers is presented and confirmed by numerical simulation. It is shown that the proposed DHT‐OFDM system achieves similar performance when compared to other LP‐OFDMs but exhibits a lower implementation complexity and peak‐to‐average power ratio.     

Reed-Solomon Codes Implementing a Coded Single-Carrier with Cyclic Prefix Scheme

This paper presents a novel Reed-Solomon codes based transmission scheme called RS-SC-CP. While RS-SC-CP is essentially a Reed-Solomon (RS) coded single carrier with cyclic prefix (SC-CP) system, a filter bank representation of the RS code is used. This filter bank representation unveils a DFT synthesis bank, just as in a traditional Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system (allbeit in a finite field). Therefore, RS-SC-CP is topologically equivalent with OFDM. As such, the RS-SC-CP system inherits the advantages of an SC-CP system over a traditional OFDM system like a low Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR). But, more importantly, it allows us to use a novel equalization technique that resembles a traditional OFDM equalizer. The equalizer of an RS-SC-CP receiver is split into two stages: the first stage encompasses a partial equalization in the complex field, which ensures that the residual channel response has integer coefficients. It is calculated using a Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) criterion. The residual ISI is removed by a Galois field equalizer in the second stage, posterior to the RS decoding removing the noise. Finally, the performance of the RS-SC-CP system is further evaluated by simulations showing the performance gain of the RS-SC-CP system compared to a traditional coded OFDM or single carrier with cyclic prefix (SC-CP) scheme.     

OFDM系统的联合收发机设计

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is an effective technique to deal with a frequency selective channel since it can convert the channel into some flat fading subchannels. However, very different output SNR values of the sub-channels will lead to poor bit error performance when a linear equalizer and Equal Bit Allocation (EBA) are adopted in OFDM systems. So, we proposed three novel nonlinear Joint Transceiver (JT) schemes based on Zero-Forcing (ZF) criterion and Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) criterion respectively, which can transform all subchannels of an OFDM system into subchannels with identical channel gain. Thus, EBA is equivalent to the Optimum Bit Allocation (OBA) for these subchannels. Numerical analysis helps us to obtain the theoretical approximate BER values of the JT scheme. Simulation results verify the numerical analysis and confirm that the performance of our proposed JT scheme greatly outperforms the traditional linear equalizer with EBA at moderate and high SNR values.     

Per-tone equalization for MIMO OFDM systems

This paper focuses on multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems with channel order larger than the cyclic prefix (CP) length. Writing the demodulating fast Fourier transform (FFT) as a sliding FFT followed by a downsampling operation, we show in this paper that by swapping the filtering operations of the MIMO channel and the sliding FFT, the data model for the temporally smoothened received signal of each individual tone of the MIMO OFDM system is very similar to the data model for the temporally smoothened received signal of a MIMO single-carrier (SC) system. As a result, to recover the data symbol vectors, the conventional equalization approach for MIMO SC systems can be applied to each individual tone of the MIMO OFDM system. This so-called per-tone equalization (PTEQ) approach for MIMO OFDM systems is an attractive alternative to the recently developed time-domain equalization (TEQ) approach for MIMO OFDM systems. In the second part of this paper, we focus on direct per-tone equalizer design and adapt an existing semi-blind equalizer design method for space-time block coding (STBC) SC systems to the corresponding semi-blind per-tone equalizer design method for STBC OFDM systems.