Therapeutic Effect of Berberine on 60 Patients with Non－Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus and Experimental Research

ＴｈｅｒａｐｅｕｔｉｃＥｆｆｅｃｔｏｆＢｅｒｂｅｒｉｎｅｏｎ６０ＰａｔｉｅｎｔｓｗｉｔｈＮｏｎ－ＩｎｓｕｌｉｎＤｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｔＤｉａｂｅｔｅｓＭｅｌｌｉｔｕｓａｎｄＥｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔａｌＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＮｉＹａｎ－ｘｉａ（倪艳霞）；ＬｉｕＡｎ－ｑ...     

Clinical study on Jiang Tang San in treating non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus patients) in treating non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus patients

The therapeutic effect of Jiang Tang San (JTS) on 30 cases with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), was observed, whose fasting blood glucose ranged from 11. 1 mmol/L to 13. 8 mmol/L. The results suggested that JTS has significant effect on NIDDM patients in lowering blood glucose, blood lipid and blood pressure levels. Clinical symptoms and blood glucose improved rapidly. JTS promoted the elevation of serum insulin level 1 hour after meal. The total effective rate of lowering blood glucose reached 86.7%. The results showed JTS is better than berberine on lowering blood glucose (P<0.01) and when patients failed to respond to other hypoglycemics or on recurrence JTS was still effective. There were no marked side-effects during the course of treatment.     

葛根对2型糖尿病患者多种脑诱发电位的影响

目的：研究葛根对2型糖尿病患者多种脑诱发电位的影响。方法：将46例2型糖尿病患者随机分为2组，分别口服葛根煎剂50ml(含生药0．4g／ml)、生理盐水50ml，服药前后检测三种脑诱发电位。结果：葛根能缩短2型糖尿病患者脑诱发电位的波潜伏期，明显缩短中枢传导时间，增加皮层波波幅，使异常皮层波波幅正常化。结论：葛根能明显改善2型糖尿病患者的中枢神经机能，可有效治疗2型糖尿病患者脑功能减退。     

非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病病因研究

用1:1病例对照研究的方法对67对非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病病人及其对照的暴露史进行了研究。结果发现,糖尿病家族史、肥胖、嗜甜食等14个因素与发病有联系,其中阳性家族史的OR值是8.5,95％的可信区间为1.96-36.79,精神因素的OR值为5.0,95％的可信区间为2.08-12.00。在女性病人中流产也可能是重要因素。     

Association of diabetic maculopathy with diabetic nephropathy--a study

A total number of 100 patients were examined over a period of one year to find out any correlation between diabetic maculopathy and diabetic nephropathy. Twenty-two belonged to insulin dependent diabetes mellitus group and 78 patients were in the non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus group who were suffering from diabetes over a period of 0-25 years and more. Another group comprising 6 patients were chosen from these 100 patients who were suffering from nephropathy diagnosed clinically and on pathological investigations. Background and proliferative--both types of diabetic retinopathy were found with increased incidence with the persistence of the disease in both types of diabetes mellitus. Nine patients had diabetic maculopathy, out of which 6 patients (66.66%) were suffering from diabetic nephropathy. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy is more common in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus than in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus of more than 25 years of duration. Maculopathy is more common in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and there is strong correlation between diabetic maculopathy and diabetic nephropathy.     

Copper, zinc, and magnesium levels in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

A relationship has been reported between trace elements and diabetes mellitus. This study evaluated the role of such a relationship in 83 patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (40 men and 43 women), with a mean duration of diabetes of 3.9 +/- 3.6 years. Patients with nephropathy were excluded. Thirty healthy non-diabetic subjects were studied for comparative analysis. Subjects were subdivided into obese and non-obese. Diabetic subjects were also subdivided into controlled and uncontrolled groups; control was based on fasting blood glucose and serum fructosamine levels. Plasma copper, zinc and magnesium levels were analysed using a GBC 902 double beam atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Plasma zinc and magnesium levels were comparable between diabetic and non-diabetic subjects, while copper levels were significantly elevated (p < 0.01) in diabetic patients. Age, sex, duration and control of diabetes did not influence copper, zinc, or magnesium concentrations. We conclude that zinc and magnesium levels are not altered in diabetes mellitus, but the increased copper levels found in diabetics in our study may merit further investigation of the relationship between copper and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.     

Clinical Study on Jiang Tang San（降糖散）in Treating Non－Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Patiente

ＣｌｉｎｉｃａｌＳｔｕｄｙｏｎＪｉａｎｇＴａｎｇＳａｎ（降糖散）ｉｎＴｒｅａｔｉｎｇＮｏｎ－ＩｎｓｕｌｉｎＤｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｔＤｉａｂｅｔｅｓＭｅｌｌｉｔｕｓＰａｔｉｅｎｔｅＮＩＹａｎ－ｘｉａ（倪艳霞）；ＹＡＮＧＪｕｎ（杨军）；ＦＡＮＳｏｎｇ（樊嵩）ａ...     

The effect of sulphonylurea therapy on serum total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol.

A study was conducted on 50 cases comprising 25 patients of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and 25 age and sex matched normal individuals. The diabetic state of the patients was controlled by glibenclamide, a sulphonylurea. The levels of serum total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol were measured at the start and 15 and 30 days after glibenclamide therapy. There was a significant (p < 0.001) decrease in the levels of serum total cholesterol from initial 222.96 +/- 31.04 mg% to 218 +/- 28.99 mg% after 15 days and to 211.8 +/- 28.42 mg% after 30 days of therapy. In no case there was increase in serum total cholesterol level. There was a significant (p < 0.001) increase in the levels of serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol from initial 20.96 +/- 4.59 mg% to 21.8 +/- 4.78 mg% after 15 days to 23.72 +/- 5.07 mg% after 30 days of glibenclamide therapy and no case showed a fall in serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol level. This favourable alteration in serum total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol was observed in patients of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus having ischaemic heart disease as well.     

Silybin decreases erythrocytic sorbitol level and improves peripheral nerve conduction velocity in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

The effects of silybin on erythrocytic sorbitol level and peripheral nerve conduction velocity were studied in 14 cases of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). After oral administration of silybin 231 mg/day for 4 weeks, no blood glucose change was observed in patients with NIDDM, while the erythrocytic sorbitol level was significantly decreased from 72.55±21.61 to 39.53±14.94 nmol/g · Hb (P<0.01). At the same time, peripheral nerve conduction velocity was also improved. These results indicate that silybin is an effective aldose reductase inhibitor which can improve the disorder of polyol pathway in NIDDM patients and prevent chronic complications of diabetes.     

TCM Stage Differentiation Treatment of Diabetic Gangrene

Microcirculatory changes and therapeutic effects in 39 non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) cases were evaluated. Under the same basic treatment in both groups, the treatment group (21 cases) was treated with TCM drugs according to its stages and compared with the control group (18 cases, treated with 654-2). The results showed that the microcirculatory cumulative scores were significantly decreased in both groups (P < 0.05), but the decrease in the treatment group was more marked (P < 0.05). In the treatment group, 15 cases were cured, 3 markedly effective, 2 effective and 1 ineffective; while in the control group, 13 cases were cured, 1 markedly effective and 4 ineffective. Statistically, there is no significant difference between the 2 groups (P > 0.05) in therapeutic effects.     

心血宝治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病60例临床观察

应用心血宝对Ⅱ型糖尿病(即非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病,NIDDM)60例进行了为期4周的观察治疗。结果显示,心血宝降血糖和尿糖的总有效率分别为76.7％和80.0％;其中显效率分别为36.7％和30.0％;有效率分别为40.0％和50.0％。血糖下降值,显效组和有效组分别为3.48mmol/L和1.62mmol/L,与治疗前比较P相似文献   

Clinical and experimental study of persical decoction for purgation with addition in the treatment of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

This study conducted clinical observation of the treatment of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (type I) with Semen Persical decoction for purgation with addition (SPDPA) in comparison with a control group treated with glyburide. The results of the clinical observations show the total effective rate of SPDPA on 106 cases was 79%, which was equivalent to levels in the control group, but SPDPA was more effective in relieving symptoms. The animal experimental study showed SPDPA could reduce fasting blood sugar in diabetic patients and rats. Its mechanism may be due to improved secretion of insulin, inhibited excretion by the endocrine cell, increased endocrine pellet inhibition of insular β-cells and improved composition of hepatic glycogen. In traditional Chinese medical theory, the mechanism of therapeutic action of SPDPA in diabetes mellitus is based on synergistic regulation benefiting the vital energy and nourishing Yin, the activation of blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis and the loosening of the bowel to relieve constipation.     

老年2型糖尿病血管并发症与脂代谢关系的探讨

目的 探讨老年2型糖尿病患者血管并发症与血脂、载脂蛋白、脂蛋白（a)之间的关系。方法 将老年2型糖尿病患者分为62例无血管并发症组（Ⅱ组）及58例有血管并发症组（I组），对两组病例进行了血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL－C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL－C）、载脂蛋白AI（ApoAI)、载脂蛋白B（ApoB)及脂蛋白（a)[Lp(a)]的测定。结果 I组与Ⅱ组比较：TC、TG、LDL－C、ApoB、Lp(a)水平均显著增高，而HDL－C和ApoAI明显降低。结论 老年2型糖尿病患者由于体内胰岛素相对不足和胰岛素抵抗，使血脂、载脂蛋白、脂蛋白浓度和组成成分发生变化及功能发生异常，从而促进动脉粥样硬化，伴随着血管并发症的发生。因此，临床上对老年2型糖尿病患者进行调脂治疗是减少血管并发症的重要手段之一。     

The role of C-peptide in the classification of diabetes mellitus

We investigated twenty-one insulin-using patients, who had all been labelled as having insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or type 1 diabetes. Physicians have been erroneously using the term IDDM loosely to include all diabetics on insulin. The clinical criteria of the National Diabetes Data Group/WHO were used to reclassify these patients. Only thirteen were found to have IDDM and eight non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Using fasting C-peptide values, only five of the thirteen with clinical IDDM truly had IDDM, the others might have maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) or diabetes in the young. Of the eight with clinical NIDDM seven had normal to high C-peptide values; the lone patient with low C-peptide values had diabetes diagnosed at age 64 years. We conclude that the clinical classification of diabetes mellitus may be inaccurate and that C-peptide evaluation improves the accuracy of the classification.     

盐酸米诺环素软膏辅助治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病牙周炎的临床疗效评价

目的研究盐酸米诺环素软膏辅助糖尿病牙周炎的非手术治疗的临床疗效。方法选择Ⅱ型糖尿病患者25例,进行牙周非手术治疗,比较治疗前及治疗后4周、8周状况,包括牙周袋深度(PD),菌斑指数(PLI),出血指数(BI),附着丧失(AL)。结果患者治疗后的4周和8周,各项指标较基线均有明显改善(P<0.05)。结论盐酸米诺环素软膏短期内控制糖尿病牙周炎症有明显效果。     

自发性2型糖尿病小鼠发病早期认知功能的研究

目的通过对自发性2型糖尿病小鼠发病早期认知功能的研究,探讨糖尿病脑病的发病机制。方法利用自发性2型糖尿病动物模型KK-Ay小鼠,动态研究其认知功能的变化,并进行脑组织形态学观察。结果在Morris水迷宫实验中,糖尿病小鼠在发病6周时已出现轻度认知功能障碍,在发病12周时认知功能障碍明显加重,游出时间、游出距离显著长于正常对照鼠(P<0.01)。光镜和电镜都观察到糖尿病小鼠脑组织形态学的变化,以电镜下超微结构的变化为主。发病12周时海马及颞叶神经元固缩、深染,核膜凹陷,核内染色质溶解,核糖体解聚,线粒体退变,内容物呈絮状,未观察到毛细血管基底膜增厚,管腔狭窄等血管病变。结论KK-Ay小鼠可以作为研究糖尿病脑病的一种较好的动物模型;高血糖等代谢因素可引起认知障碍的发生。     

Properdin factor B allotypes in diabetic Nigerians. A preliminary report on chromosome 6 markers

Properdin factor B(Bf) allotypes were determined in patients with insulin dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (n = 15); in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus n = 15); and in healthy Nigerians (n = 252) from various tribal groups. In all three groups only commonly reported Bf allotypes namely BfF, F1, S and S1 were observed. More important, BfF1 allele was significantly increased in patients with insulin dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (expected 1/15, observed 5/15), X2 = P less than 0.005). It is suggested that this allele is probably the same as that reported in caucasoids and is part of a supratype or ancestral haplotype defined by HLA-B18, C4A3, C4A3, BQo, BfF1, DR3 marking type 1 (insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus.     

PREVALENCE OF MICROALBUMINURIA IN NON-INSULIN-DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS

The prevalence of microalbuminuria was assessed in 50 patients of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. The mean age of patients was 52.1 ± 11.6 years and the duration of diabetes was 8.3 ± 6.8 years. Twenty (40%) patients had microalbuminuria. Microalbuminuria was more common in patients with a longer duration of diabetes (more than 5 years), a poor glycaemic control, and higher systolic blood pressure.KEY WORDS: Microalbuminuria, Diabetes mellitus, Diabetic nephropathy, Chronic renal failure     

滕州市城区人群2型糖尿病危险因素病例对照分析

目的探讨滕州市城区人群非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（糖尿病）发病的危险因素,为制订干预对策与措施提供依据。方法2008年5～6月,对滕州市中心人民医院就诊的102例糖尿病患者,进行1：1配对的条件Logistic回归分析。结果经多因素条件Logistic回归分析,最终进入模型的因素是高血脂、高血压、糖尿病家族史、脂肪摄入、体重指数和腰臀比,其OR值分别为3．60、1．65、4．06、1．60、2．08和3．71。结论高血脂、高血压、有糖尿病家族史、脂肪摄入多、体重指数大、腰臀比大者易患糖尿病。     

Epidemiological study of prevalence of chlorpropamide alcohol flushing in insulin dependent diabetics, non-insulin dependent diabetics, and non-diabetics

An epidemiological study was carried out to compare the prevalence of facial flushing in non-diabetics, patients with insulin dependent diabetes, and patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes in response to 40 ml sherry taken 12 hours after 250 mg chlorpropamide or placebo, administered double blind in randomised order. A flush after chlorpropamide but not placebo was reported by 6.2% of non-diabetics (17/273), 9.7% of insulin-dependent diabetics (14/145), and 10.5% of non-insulin dependent diabetics (25/239), excluding those receiving long term chlorpropamide treatment. The differences were not significant. This response was unrelated to age, sex, body mass index, and family history of diabetes in all three groups. Patients taking long term chlorpropamide, however, showed a significantly (p less than 0.01) higher prevalence of flushing after both chlorpropamide and placebo (56.3%; 9/16) compared with the rest of the non-insulin dependent diabetics (16.7%; 40/239), the insulin dependent diabetics (6.9%; 10/145), and the non-diabetics (5.9%; 16/273). Patients receiving long term chlorpropamide would be expected to flush with sherry after a placebo tablet because of therapeutic plasma concentrations of the drug. It is concluded that there is no evidence of an increased prevalence of chlorpropamide alcohol flushing in response to the single challenge test in non-insulin dependent diabetics compared with insulin dependent diabetics and non-diabetics except in selected patients taking chlorpropamide long term. This study does not support the hypothesis that the chlorpropamide alcohol flush is a specific marker for a subtype of non-insulin dependent diabetes.