固定单站纯方位目标运动参数的解析方法

在采用和现有固定单站纯方位目标运动分析相同的测量手段,且对目标相邻移动距离不做任何限定的一般情况下,充分利用简单的平面几何关系,并通过引入自时差测量方程,完整地给出了求解目标航向角、目标移动速度和移动时差、目标与单测向站之间径向距离等参量的解析计算公式,所提出的新方法突破了现有的仅利用距离与速度之间的关系的固定单站纯方位无源探测仅能获得目标航向,以及速度与初始距离比值的局限性.     

航向角辅助的模糊数据关联算法

为了在不增加运算复杂度的条件下有效提高多目标跟踪的跟踪精度和关联正确率,本文提出了一种采用航向角进行辅助的多目标模糊数据关联新方法。算法首先分析航向和距离信息是区分不同航路的有效参数,然后介绍了航向角的定义及求解方法,即利用当前时刻的雷达测量和前一时刻的滤波状态向量计算目标的测量航向角,并通过容积卡尔曼滤波器（Cubature Kalman Filter, CKF）对包括目标航向在内的状态向量进行更新,利用模糊逻辑推理进行多目标数据关联。实验结果表明,提出算法与传统的最近邻方法（Nearest Neighbor, NN）相比具有较高的关联正确率,与联合概率数据关联方法（Joint Probability Data Association, JPDA）相比,在保证关联正确率的前提下跟踪精度和运算效率均得到了较大提高,更适合工程应用。      

航向角辅助的高斯混合PHD模糊滤波方法

为了更好的解决目标数未知或随时间变化的多目标跟踪问题, 针对高斯混合概率假设密度滤波器（GMPHD）的局限性,提出了非线性条件下的航向角辅助的GMPHD滤波算法。本文给出采用测量数据计算航向角的方法,将航向角与观测向量组成复合观测向量,在跟踪过程中提高了对目标位置的估计精度;利用测量数据生成新目标密度,提高了目标数的估计精度;同时,本文在非线性高斯条件下,将求容积卡尔曼滤波（CKF）引入计算目标状态的预测和更新分布,取得了很好的效果;最后利用模糊方法确定了各个目标的运动轨迹。实验结果表明,本文提出的算法不但能给出目标的运动轨迹而且在目标的位置、速度和目标数的估计精度上都有明显的提高。      

无人机中磁航向自修正应用

以无人机组合导航系统为研究背景,针对磁传感器的误差校准方法,以及校准后磁航向误差进行研究。通过分析磁传感器误差来源,给出水平面内椭圆直接拟合模型。考虑磁传感器修正后的磁航向与GPS航迹角之间存在一定误差,建立航向误差角与磁航向之间的学习函数,从而辅助在GPS丢失情况下,采用学习后的磁航向来辅助无人机导航。飞行实验结果表明,利用该文采用的椭圆模型以及自学习函数,能够提高磁航向精度,从而可以辅助无人机在GPS丢失情况下航向解算。     

基于航向误差的捷联陀螺罗经标定方法

陀螺罗经的航向误差与航向角和器件误差之间存在着非线性映射关系,利用航向误差关系提出了一种捷联陀螺罗经标定方法。该方法根据陀螺罗经的航向效应,在分析了罗经航向误差传播机理的基础上,对航向误差进行曲线拟合,建立航向角与航向误差的数学模型,根据航向误差关系完成对陀螺罗经的标定。实验数据表明:所提标定方法能够有效减小航向误差,提高陀螺罗经的使用精度,具有实际应用价值。     

车载防撞雷达的大角度快速搜索方法研究

设计了一部具有远距离搜索和近距离、大角度搜索两种工作模式的车载防撞雷达,并且针对提高近距离、大角度搜索的速度,提出了宽波束收发和数字多波束(DBF)接收两种方案。首先描述了该车载防撞雷达的系统组成,之后又阐述两种方案的基本原理、实现方式以及探测指标,最后从天线口面利用率、测角精度、搜索时间和探测威力四个方面对两种方案进行对比。分析表明,DBF接收具有搜索速度快、测角精度高、探测距离远等优点,是车载防撞雷达大角度、快速搜索的有效解决方案。     

DS数据融合算法在近地防撞目标识别中的应用

针对近地防撞系统被测目标的不确定性问题,根据DS证据理论,在分析数据融合过程的基础上,建立数据融合模型,结合模糊控制方法,得出红外和雷达两种探测器对各被测目标的信度函数分配以及融合后的信度函数分配,从而确定被测目标。单探测器与融合结果比较说明多传感器融合算法具有较高的准确性。该面向目标的数据融合算法,为实现飞机地面防撞系统的目标探测提供了理论基础。     

一种应用于低成本动中通天线的组合导航算法设计

卫星/微机电惯性组合导航系统具有体积小、成本低等优点,可以为动中通天线提供位置、速度以及姿态信息,然而其无法依靠自身完成航向初始化,除此之外在静态场景下由于航向可观测性较差,面临航向发散的问题。结合动中通天线的特征,设计并开发了一种应用于动中通天线的组合导航算法。通过该算法得到的跑车测试结果北向、东向以及天向的位置信息精度分别为2.1 m、1.9 m及1.7 m,北向、东向以及天向的速度精度分别为0.05 m/s、0.05 m/s、0.04 m/s,横滚角、俯仰角、航向角精度依次为0.05°、0.08°、0.11°。长时间的摇摆台测试结果表明采用该方案场强跟踪信号强度均值为8.93 dBW,信号跟踪平稳。     

一种手持式电子磁罗盘航向误差校正方法

针对传统的磁罗盘补偿方法计算量大、需要标定设备的问题,提出了一种利用陀螺仪相对航向辅助校准的方法。在分析磁罗盘误差的基础上建立了误差模型,采用梯度下降法解出姿态信息对磁场数据进行倾斜补偿,在陀螺仪相对航向角的辅助下,采用最小二乘法拟合经过倾斜补偿后的磁场数据求解出误差模型的系数。实验数据表明,该算法能够有效的对磁罗盘误差进行补偿,可以将磁罗盘的航向角测量误差控制在1°之内。     

基于末端轨迹修正的导弹跟踪稳定性控制方法

舰载导弹在制导飞行的末端容易受到空气小扰动的影响产生轨迹偏离,需要进行轨迹偏离修正控制,提高弹道对目标跟踪的姿态稳定性,提出一种基于改进的扩展Kalman滤波(EKR)和误差反馈修正的导弹跟踪端轨迹修正控制方法.以陀螺仪采集的导弹的横滚角、俯仰角以及航向偏离的参量为控制约束指标集,采用扩展Kalman滤波算法进行姿态参量融合,结合Smith结构建立导弹跟踪控制的被控对象模型,计算末端轨迹中姿态角与真值的偏差,根据偏差进行导弹的惯性姿态反馈调节,采用自适应的量化融合跟踪识别方法进行导弹定姿处理,通过对末端轨迹的误差反馈修正提高姿态角的输出精度,根据姿态的不断变化实现自适应的位姿修正,实现导弹对敌目标跟踪的稳定性控制.仿真结果表明,采用该方法进行导弹控制的姿态角解算的误差较小,定姿精度较高,提高导弹跟踪控制的稳定性和鲁棒性.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Nanoimprint Lithography -A Next Generation High Volume Lithography Technique

IntroductionNanoimprint Lithography is a well-acknowl-edged low cost, high resolution, large area pattern-ing process. It includes the most promising methods,high-pressure hot embossing lithography (HEL) [2],UV-cured imprinting (UV-NIL) [3] and micro contactprinting (m-CP, MCP) [4]. Curing of the imprintedstructures is either done by subsequent UV-lightexposure in the case of UV-NIL or by cooling downbelow the glass transition temperature of the ther-moplastic material in case of HEL…     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

Influence of PVK ： NPB hole transporting layer on the characteristics of organic light-emitting devices

A doping system consisting of NPB and PVK is employed as a composite hole transporting layer （CHTL）. By adjusting the component ratio of the doping system, a series of devices with different concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB are constracted. The result shows that doping concentration of NPB enhances the competence of hole transporting ability, and modifies the recombination region of charge as well as affects the surface morphology of doped film. Optimum device with a maximum brightness of 7852 cd/m^2 and a power efficiency of 1.75 lm/W has been obtained by choosing a concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB at 1：3.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.     

Analysis of error performance on Turbo coded FDPIM

Due to variable symbol length of digital pulse interval modulation（DPIM）, it is difficult to analyze the error performances of Turbo coded DPIM. To solve this problem, a fixed-length digital pulse interval modulation（FDPIM） method is provided. The FDPIM modulation structure is introduced. The packet error rates of uncoded FDPIM are analyzed and compared with that of DPIM. Bit error rates of Turbo coded FDPIM are simulated based on three kinds of analytical models under weak turbulence channel. The results show that packet error rate of uncoded FDPIM is inferior to that of uncoded DPIM. However, FDPIM is easy to be implemented and easy to be combined, with Turbo code for soft-decision because of its fixed length. Besides, the introduction of Turbo code in this modulation can decrease the average power about 10 dBm, which means that it can improve the error performance of the system effectively.     

A method for calculating the center position of collimated light

It is a key problem to accurately calculate beam spots＇ center of measuring the warp by using a collimated laser. A new method, named double geometrical center method （DGCM）, is put forward for the first time. In this method, a plane wave perpendicularly irradiates an aperture stop, and a charge couple device （CCD） is employed to receive the diffraction-beam spots, then the geometrical centers of the fast and the second diffraction-beam spots are calculated respectively, and their mean value is regarded as the center of datum beam. In face of such adverse instances as laser intension distributing defectively, part of the image being saturated, this method can still work well. What＇s more, this method can detect whether an unacceptable error exits in the courses of image receiving, processing and calculating. The experimental results indicate the precision of this method is high.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.