基于μC/OS-Ⅱ的工业机器人控制器

通过SOPC Builder构造出来的Nios Ⅱ微处理软核及外围设备作为工业机器人控制器硬件平台在其上进行嵌入式操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ的移植构成一个基础平台,以嵌入式系统的任务设计概念改变传统设计的前后台控制方式,通过多任务划分将整个系统的任务分为多个按优先级调度任务,完成机器人不同的操作任务.从而改善了传统机器人系统软件单任务顺序机制,系统安全性、实时性都得到了显著的提高.     

基于SOPC技术的嵌入式PLC虚拟机设计

设计了一种新型的基于可编程片上系统(SOPC)技术的嵌入式可编程逻辑控制器.介绍了嵌入式PLC的总体结构,并且对核心部分PLC虚拟机的实现分别从硬件和软件两个方面进行了详细阐述,其中运用NiosⅡ软核作为处理器,μC/OS-Ⅱ实时操作系统作为虚拟机运行平台,实现了逻辑控制器的实时控制功能.系统以现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gataarray,FPGA)为平台开发的逻辑控制器简化了平台硬件结构,具有开放、使用方便、可自定义外设和本身结构紧凑等特点,可以灵活的实现定制应用.     

μC／OS—Ⅲ中的高效时钟节拍管理机制

为了有效管理时钟节拍并确保系统的实时性,μC／OS-Ⅲ不仅增加了一个专门的系统任务来管理时钟节拍,而且采用哈希散列表机制来进一步减少时钟节拍处理过程所花费的时间。本文讨论μC／OS-Ⅱ在时钟节拍管理方面的不足,并介绍μC／OS-Ⅲ中的高效时钟节拍管理机制。     

基于SOPC的以太网实时数据采集系统设计与实现

设计了一个基于SOPC技术的实时数据采集系统.系统采用NiosⅡ软核处理器为主控制器,以嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ为软件运行平台,以LWP为以太网通信协议,实现了数据采集系统的以太网传输及控制.整个系统在Cyclone Ⅱ EP2C35开发板上实现并通过验证.     

μC/OS-Ⅱ任务栈处理的改进设计

已经有不少的章介绍了有关μC／OS-Ⅱ这个实时内核及其应用。在很多的处理器上．μC／OS-Ⅱ都得到了应用。μC／OS-Ⅱ是一种源码公开、可移植、可固化、可裁减、可剥夺的实时多任务操作系统。特别适用于用户任务较多,而对实时性要求较严格的场合。     

μC/OS-Ⅱ在电动车电池管理系统中的应用研究

电池管理系统是电动车的关键部件之一。论文介绍了电池管理系统具有多任务、实时性的特点，开发了一套基于TMS320LF2407 DSP与CAN总线设计的电池管理系统，提出了在软件开发中引入嵌入式实时操作系统μC／OS-Ⅱ，并重点详述了μC／OS-Ⅱ在该系统中的移植与应用。实验表明，该电池管理系统实时性好、可靠性高。     

μC/OS-Ⅱ中任务调度与中断处理的实现机理

该文深入全面地探讨了μC／OS-Ⅱ实时机制。首先，对μC／OS-Ⅱ的组成进行了概述；其次，阐述了μC／OS-Ⅱ的任务调度算法、优先级表示；最后，讨论了μC／OS-Ⅱ的中断实现。     

嵌入式三轴运动控制系统的以太网通信实现

研究了嵌入式三轴运动控制系统的以太网通信问题;采用LM3S9B92微控制器设计主控制器和各轴电动机控制器,通过移植实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ和TCP/IP协议栈LwIP,实现主控制器与各轴电机控制器之间的信息交互;按电动机控制数据传输紧急程度要求不同,在以太网MAC层之上建立调度表,优先传输紧急数据,提高三轴运动控制系统实时性;实验结果表明嵌入式三轴运动控制系统实现了以太网数据的无差错传输,并且在重载情况下时间延迟大约为系统改进前的72%,改进了系统的实时性。     

用协处理器提高μC/OS-Ⅱ的实时性

μC/OS-Ⅱ是一种可移植、可固化、可裁剪及可剥夺型的多任务实时操作系统（RTOS）。本文提出用双核单片机提高实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ实时性的新思路,给出以协处理器实现μC/OS-Ⅱ时钟节拍的方法和步骤,测试并验证了该方法对应用系统实时性的提升以及计时精度的提高。     

μC/OS-Ⅱ的优化及在智能变送器中的应用

μC／OS-Ⅱ受到内部存储资源及代码运行速度的限制,所以在两线制智能变送器中引入实时嵌入式操作系统μC／OS-Ⅱ时,必须要对μC／OS-Ⅱ进行优化。在研究内核的基础上,提出了任务／事件的静态创建机制及单节点标志事件方法。数据对比表明,优化后的μC／OS-Ⅱ在启动速度、内存占用等方面有明显改善。利用优化后的μC／OS-Ⅱ,实现了变送器系统的多任务实时运行需求,并且验证了系统能够符合HART通信链路层的规范要求。     

A software architecture for distributed computer control systems

Distributed computer control systems have a number of potential advantages over centralized systems, especially where the application is itself physically distributed. A computer station can be placed close to the plant being controlled, and a communications network used to enable the stations to communicate to coordinate their actions. However, the software must be carefully designed to exploit the potential advantages of distribution. This paper describes the software architecture of CONIC, a system to support distributed computer control applications. This architecture emphasizes the distinction between the writing of individual software components and the construction and configuration of a system from a set of components. A modular structure is used to separate programming from configuration. Typed entry and exit ports are used to clearly define module interfaces. Ports, analagous to the plugs and sockets of hardware components, permit modules to be interconnected in different ways. On-line modification and extension of the system is supported by permitting the dynamic creation and interconnection of modules. Message passing primitives are provided to permit modules to coordinate and synchronize control actions.     

某型导弹虚拟训练系统操作训练动作设计

对视景仿真软件Vega和DI—GUY人体仿真软件进行了介绍,从工程应用的角度,阐述如何实现虚拟人在场景中的漫游,将DI—GUY人体模型做了适当的修改,提出了一种基于空间定位装置的虚拟入手臂控制方法,给出了方法的具体实现步骤,以及空间定位装置对于本系统的具体应用方法,给出了如何设计手部的碰撞检测的方法,以便进行操作动作的训练,选取要操作的对象物,并对如何应用数据手套形成手部操作训练动作进行了介绍。     

Role of social media community in strengthening trust and loyalty for a university

As the increasing internationalization of higher education creates competition among the universities, many institutions are making use of social media communities to attract and retain students. We surveyed 206 users of a university Facebook page to investigate how it may be related to their identification with the university community and the university brand. We further investigate how this identification is associated with the trust and loyalty to the institution and is likely to be linked to positive behaviors such as promoting the university to their peers as an active member of the university community. Our results show that the perceived strength of the Facebook community is related to the identification with the university community and the university brand which in turn are related to trust and loyalty. Higher loyalty is linked to citizenship behaviors such as increased contribution to the educational process labeled in-role behaviors and providing positive word of mouth about the university labeled extra-role behaviors. With the challenges of a diverse and global student body which is expected to continue increasing, universities can benefit from use of social media in developing identity, loyalty and trust.     

Gender and status effects in student e-mails to staff

Abstract This study aimed to examine gender and status effects in the kind of e-mails used to manage course administrative issues in an educational setting. Students were asked to respond to an e-mail presented as being from a member of staff, informing them of failure to submit coursework and asking for an explanation to be provided. The sex and status of the sender were varied. The data showed both gender and status effects. The men more frequently adopted an assertive stance, while the women more frequently referred to work-related issues in a conciliatory way. A number of features of the e-mails varied according to the sex of the participant, and the status and sex of the sender. There was evidence of a greater influence of status in features of the replies from the men, although the effect of this varied according to the sex of the sender. In addition, accommodation to the gender-stereotypes of the senders was evident in features of the data from both men and women.     

遗传规划算法在化合物设计、筛选研究中的应用

采用计算机科学中新兴的遗传规划算法思想，结合化学物质的本质特点，运用进化操作来实现化合物的合成设计和筛选。文中针对算法运用讨论了函数集、终止集问题，通过计算元素组成的字符串的化合价的结果来确定适应度函数，既符合化学学科的本质规律，又满足了算法的要求。通过复制、交换和突变操作，经过多代次的进化终止，取得了满意的结果。文章还针对其实用性，从化学本质出发，提出了建议和研究方向。可以说本文是遗传规划在化学化合物合成筛选中运用的成功探索，同时也为进一步研究打下了坚实的基础。     

CADeComp: Context-aware deployment of component-based applications

The expansion of wireless communication and mobile hand-held devices makes it possible to deploy a broad range of applications on mobile terminals such as PDAs and mobile phones. The constant context changes of mobile users oblige them to carry out many deployment tasks of the same application in order to obtain an application whose configuration satisfies the context requirements. The difficulty and the frequency of these deployment tasks led us to study the deployment in a mobile environment and to look for a solution for the automation of the deployment adaptation to the context. This paper studies the deployment sensitivity to the context in order to identify the variable deployment parameters and to analyze the impact of the deployment adaptation on the production life cycle of applications. The contribution made by this paper consists in an innovative middleware entity called Context-Aware Deployment of COMPonents (CADeComp), which can be plugged into existing middleware deployment services. CADeComp defines a flexible data model that facilitates the tasks of component producers and application assemblers by allowing them to specify the meta-information required to adapt the deployment to the context. The advantage of CADeComp is that it is based on reliable adaptive mechanisms that are defined by a platform-independent model according to the MDA approach. We propose a mapping of the CADeComp model to CCM. CADeComp was implemented and evaluated on this platform.     

Analysis of fractal manufacturing systems framework towards industry 4.0

Currently, ways to approach the design of Cyber Physical Systems in Industry 4.0 are under development. Emerging concepts of Smart Factories require the development of specialized knowledge; new working methods are also needed to manage the transition from conventional industry to industry 4.0. To achieve this objective, fractal theory could provide the appropriate knowledge and tools. Fractal systems applied to manufacturing have been widely used over the last decades to design complex adaptive systems: it allows the introduction of resilience requirements (capacity to react to changes in a turbulent environment) and to reduce the complexity of its structure, operation and management. In order to know the potential and the possibility of applying fractal theory to the design of systems in Industry 4.0, this article reviews the publications that develop fractal systems for manufacturing engineering. The review includes contributions published between 1985 (approximate date of the first works on the theory applied to manufacturing engineering) and 2019. The objective is to gather those strategies, methodologies and successful case studies that can be useful for the approaches of Industry 4.0 and to define a set of future lines of work for the adaptation of the fractal theory to the new challenges posed by Industry 4.0.     

Virtual surfaces and the influence of cues to surface shape on grasp

This research compared grasps to real surfaces with grasps to virtual surfaces, and used virtual surfaces to examine the role of cues to surface shape in grasp. The first experiment investigated the kinematics of overhand grasps to real and virtual objects. The results showed that, compared with grasps to real surfaces, grasps to virtual objects were different in the deceleration phase of the grasp movement and were more variable in their endpoint position. The second experiment used several measures to examine the relationship between the visual perception of a surface and the decision to grasp the surface with either an over-or underhand grasp. It was found that visual perception of the surface was consistent with the grasping decision. The third experiment used virtual surfaces to examine how the removal of visual cues to shape affected the decision to switch from over- to underhand grasp. Results showed that the orientation at which the decision switched was dependent on the visual information content. Overall, the results showed that subtle differences existed between the reach to grasp movements towards real and virtual surfaces and that the decision to choose between grasp types was dependent on the visual information used to depict the virtual surface. These results are discussed in relation to the design and use of input devices to enable manipulation of three-dimensional objects in virtual worlds.     

低碳经济时代的建筑之道

低碳建筑是营造可持续发展未来的关键。本文通过对低碳建筑的全面分析以及对全球知名的设计实例的分析,探讨适应低碳经济时代的建筑发展的方向、目标,指出低碳建设和设计要走向集约型、走向自然、走向效率设计、走向适应性设计、走向循环设计、走向智能化设的发展途径,以及低碳建筑未来的发展方向。     

New trends on e-Procurement applying semantic technologies: Current status and future challenges

The present paper introduces and reviews existing technology and research works in the field of e-Procurement. More specifically this survey aims to collect those relevant approaches that have tackled the challenge of delivering more advanced and intelligent e-Procurement management systems due to its relevance in the industry to afford more timely, adaptable and flexible decisions in purchasing processes. Although existing tools and techniques have demonstrated their ability to manage e-Procurement processes as a part of a supply management system there is a lack of interoperability among tools, tangled dependencies between processes or difficulties to exploit existing data and information to name a few that are preventing a proper use of the new dynamic and data-based environment. On the other hand semantic-based technologies emerge to provide the adequate building blocks to represent domain-knowledge and elevate the meaning of information resources through a common and shared data model (RDF) with a formal query language (SPARQL) and accessible via the Internet Protocols. In this sense the Linked Data effort has gained momentum to apply the principles of the aforementioned initiative to boost the re-use of information and data across different tools and processes. That is why authors review both existing open issues in the context e-Procurement with special focus on public procurement and semantic-based approaches to address them. To do so a preliminary research study is conducted to assess the state of the art in the context of e-Procurement and semantic-based systems. Afterwards main drawbacks of existing e-Procurement systems are presented to narrow down in semantic-based approaches applied to this field. Once the current status in both areas is reviewed, authors purpose the use and creation of an e-Procurement index to evaluate the quality of service of procurement systems. In this light the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is used to set up an initial weight for each indicator in the index and to perform a first comparison between traditional and semantic-based approaches. Finally some discussion, conclusions and future challenges are also outlined.