《小学品德与社会》的功能研究

随着经济与社会的发展,我国进入了社会转型期,在物质生活变得日益富裕的同时,新的道德问题也随之而来.青少年的道德失范、价值观混乱等问题已引起了整个社会的关注.面对这些问题,传统的道德教育已显得力不从心.在这种形势下,小学品德与社会课成为我国小学实施道德教育的新阵地,担负起了学生健康成长及道德教育和社会适应性教育的重任.     

体验学习：青少年道德生成的基石

青少年时期是从童年到成年的过渡期,成长中的青少年,需要连续的历程体验和情感培育。只有经过完整童年与青少年的情感体验,才能安全地进入成人世界。品德作为个体的稳定心理特征,不是与生俱来的,而是通过体验生成的。把道德学习的路径规定为人与世界的体验关系,是时代发展的新要求。体验学习是青少年成长的基础,当下是一个注重体验的时代,道德教育倡导体验学习,就是让青少年要有机会体验,学会深度体验,促进道德生成。只有当道德知识通过体验而发生变化时,道德学习才有可能促进道德的生成与发展,也只有将道德学习的内容转化为主动体验的过程,道德学习才能发挥最大的教育作用。     

探析我国儿童家庭道德教育的内涵及功能

儿童道德教育是将社会道德转化为儿童品德的活动过程,它致力于对儿童品德及人格素质的培养。家庭场域在儿童由自然人转变为道德人的过程中,发挥着重要的作用。孝亲教育、礼让教育、诚信教育、勤俭教育是我国儿童家庭道德教育的应有之义,充分发挥儿童家庭道德教育的功能,促进儿童道德认知、道德行为、道德品格的发展。     

家庭道德教育的缺失

当前,如何根据青少年的思想品德现状有针对性地进行教育,以提高青少年的思想品德素质,适应未来社会的需要,是一项重大而紧迫的任务。本文通过调查研究目前青少年品德的基本现状,从家庭道德教育这个方面分析青少年品德问题形成的原因,并提出相应措施,以充分发挥家庭道德教育的作用。     

匡正道德失范与构建社会主义和谐社会

构建社会主义和谐社会的重要任务之一是建设社会主义和谐文化,和谐文化建设离不开良好的社会道德环境,而当前较普遍的道德失范现象却严重危害着社会道德环境进而危害着和谐社会的构建,必须强力匡正.匡正道德失范,要加强中国特色社会主义道德体系的构建、宣传和教育;要加强制度建设和舆论营造;要以公职人员道德教育和青少年道德教育为重点;要辩证处理好个体道德建设和道德环境建设的关系.     

大众文化背景下对青少年道德教育的思考

20世纪90年代以来在我国兴起和壮大的大众文化,以其开放性、赢利性、娱乐性等特点,对青少年道德教育产生了积极的影响,但也混乱了青少年的道德价值判断能力。加强青少年道德教育建设,以增进青少年道德教育的实效性,使大众文化背景下的青少年道德教育更具活力和魅力。     

浅论如何提高学校思想道德教育实效

本文认为要提高学校思想道德教育实效,必须克服学校思想道德教育中出现的起点过高、层次不分明、内容过于理想化的倾向,大力加强基础文明道德教育;必须克服“重规范,轻人格”的教育倾向,加强道德人格的教育与培养;必须重示范教育,加强教师特别是青年教师的思想道德建设;必须发挥家庭教育、社会教育、学校教育的合力作用,努力营造有利于青少年学生道德优化的环境.     

新世纪道德教育构想

道德教育必须同社会发展相适应，调整和完善道德教育标准，形成多元的道德体系。道德教育应以培养受教育的道德人格为目的，注重道德教育实践以形成个体道德的自律。     

转型期道德教育中传统与现代的对接

我国正处在社会转型期,转型期对道德教育提出了更高的要求.我们在加强道德教育的时候,要理清传统道德教育与现代道德教育的关系,按照适应社会发展、适应青少年身心发展、批判与继承、发展与创新的原则,充分吸取传统道德文化中的精华,并使之与我国当代的道德教育实践结合起来.     

道德教育的检视与革新

道德教育的目的是促进学生的道德发展,而道德冲突是学生道德发展的必经环节和内部动力。当前学生道德教育中漠视道德冲突主要表现在:知性道德教育目标导致道德冲突的僭忘;灌输性道德教育方式导致道德冲突的滞留;单一性道德教育途径致使道德冲突解决的断裂。本着"以人(学生)为本"的道德教育观,道德教育目标应由知性化到生活化;道德教育方式从灌输走向交往对话;道德教育途径由单一性走向整体性,以提高道德教育的针对性和实效性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.