地板藤根的抗氧化和抑菌活性研究

采用DPPH法测定地板藤根提取物及其不同溶剂萃取物的抗氧化活性,用微生物纸片法测定其乙醇提取物的抑菌活性.结果表明:地板藤根乙醇提取物及其乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取物对DPPH自由基(DPPH.)有较强的清除能力,并且这种清除作用随其质量浓度的增大而增加.地板藤根乙醇提取物及其乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取物清除DPPH.的半数有效量(EC50)分别为0.004 6、0.004 7、0.006 4 mg/mL.抑菌实验显示地板藤根乙醇提取物有弱的抑菌活性.     

黄花蒿凝血药效部位及化学组分分析

对黄花蒿植物凝血物质基础进行了探究.采用有机溶剂提取法对黄花蒿植物进行浸提;采用凝血板法、试管法、血浆复钙时间测定法检测浸提物凝血药效;采用碱溶酸沉淀法及低温法对正丁醇浸提物的黄酮类化合物、萜类化合物进行分离并分析了黄酮类化合物紫外可见光谱及荧光光谱性质;采用理化显色反应对化合物进行鉴定,并利用TLC显色反应对萜类化合物进行分析.结果表明：黄花蒿植物凝血药效部位为正丁醇浸提物,正丁醇浸提物在不同的检测方法中均有显著的凝血药效,正丁醇浸提物主要化学组分为黄酮类化合物及萜类化合物.说明黄花蒿植物凝血药效部位为正丁醇浸提物,其化学组分主要为黄酮类化合物及萜类化合物.     

蹄叶橐吾抗氧化作用研究

本文利用活性跟踪方法确定蹄叶橐吾的抗氧化有效部位.对蹄叶橐吾甲醇提取物以及其二氯甲烷、正丁醇和水等不同溶剂萃取物,通过二苯代苦味肼基自由基[1,1-dipheny1-2-picrylllydmzyl(DPPH)]消除实验方法,评价它们的抗氧化作用.结果蹄叶橐吾的甲醇提取物和正丁醇萃取物具有较强的抗DPPH自由基活性,其半数有效值IC50分别为13.24和3.70 μg/mL.尤其是正丁醇萃取物具有最强的抗氧化活性(P相似文献   

柠檬桉树脂中多酚的提取纯化及抗氧化活性

为提高柠檬桉树的综合利用率,采用乙醇作为提取剂对柠檬桉树脂中的多酚进行初步提取,分别用乙酸乙酯萃取提纯法、醇提水沉—正丁醇萃取提纯法对粗提物进一步纯化,得到质量分数分别为28.31%和39.65%的多酚纯化物;定性实验表明,柠檬桉树脂的提取物中含有多酚物质;抗氧化活性实验表明抗坏血酸(VC)的总抗氧化能力最强,其次为粗提物,再次为醇提水沉—正丁醇提纯物,最后为乙酸乙酯纯化物。各提纯物的活性表现为多酚纯化物的质量分数越大,其抗氧化能力越大;多酚粗提物的抗氧化能力较提纯物更强,表明多酚粗提物中可能含有其他更强抗氧化能力的化学成分。     

黑苦荞黄酮类化合物的提纯及抑菌活性研究

【目的】研究黑苦荞(Fagopyrum tataricum)乙醇提取物中黄酮类化合物的提纯和抑菌活性。【方法】在体积分数为80%的乙醇溶液作为萃取剂、料液比为1 g∶5 mL的条件下得到粗提物;以三氯化铝比色法测定粗提物中黄酮类化合物含量;用AB-8大孔吸附树脂对粗提物进行纯化;采用打孔法分别测定粗提物和纯化物样品液形成的抑菌圈直径和最小抑菌浓度。【结果】粗提物干膏平均得率为6.26%,黄酮类化合物的平均提取率为2.52%;通过AB-8型大孔吸附树脂纯化,黄酮类化合物的平均吸附率、平均回收率分别为79.37%,42.23%;粗提物对大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)、金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)和枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)均有抑菌活性,对上述细菌的最小抑菌浓度分别为2.5,1.25和2.5 mg·m,对黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)无抑菌活性;纯化物对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的最小抑菌浓度分别为250,500和250 μg·m,对黑曲霉无抑菌活性。【结论】黑苦荞黄酮类化合物的对枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌均有抑菌活性,对黑曲霉无抑菌活性。相比粗提物,纯化物对大肠杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的抑菌活性明显提高。     

荔枝果肉多酚不同极性分部的构成谱及其抗氧化活性比较

利用乙酸乙酯和正丁醇2种不同极性溶剂对荔枝果肉多酚提取物水溶液分部萃取,采用高效液相色谱分析不同极性分部萃取物的多酚组分及其含量差异,并采用细胞抗氧化法评价其抗氧化活性差异。结果表明:荔枝果肉多酚不同极性分部的得率、总酚含量、总黄酮含量、多酚组成及含量、抗氧化活性存在显著性差异。3个极性分部萃取物的得率以水相最高(36%),正丁醇相(32%)次之,乙酸乙酯相(16%)最低。总酚含量以乙酸乙酯相最高,正丁醇相次之;总黄酮含量以正丁醇相最高,乙酸乙酯相次之;而抗氧化活性以正丁醇相最强,水相次之。乙酸乙酯相多酚组成主要为原花青素B2、表儿茶素等原花青素类化合物;正丁醇相多酚组成主要为槲皮素-3-芸香糖-7-鼠李糖苷等黄酮类化合物。     

云南栘［木衣］叶提取物片段抗氧化活性及成分分析

目的:评价云南栘[木衣]叶萃取物的抗氧化活性,为云南栘[木衣]抗氧化功能食品、营养补充剂等的开发提供理论依据.方法:用系统溶剂萃取法将云南栘[木衣]叶的萃取物再分成石油醚萃取物、乙酸乙酯萃取物、正丁醇萃取物和水相4部分.用DPPH·法和总还原力法评价云南栘[木衣]叶4个不同萃取物的抗氧化活性.用DPPH·-HPLC-PDA和总还原力-HPLC-PDA柱前衍生法对云南栘[木衣]叶中的抗氧化成分进行了筛选.结果:云南栘[木衣]叶提取物不同极性分离物都具有良好的抗氧化活性,其中乙酸乙酯萃取物的萃取得率高达67.87%,DPPH·半清除体积质量分数为0.079mg/mL,总还原力的芦丁质量分数为(0.199 70±0.000 31)g/g,是云南栘[木衣]叶抗氧化活性的主要来源.云南栘[木衣]叶提取物中主要有9个抗氧化成分,主要集中于乙酸乙酯萃取物,其中4个为黄酮类化合物.结论:云南栘[木衣]叶是良好的天然抗氧化剂来源,具有抗氧化营养补充剂、功能食品的开发潜力,抗氧化成分筛选结果为云南栘[木衣]抗氧化功能的开发提供了方向.     

藏药革叶兔耳草粗提物的抗氧化活性研究

用工业乙醇提取革叶兔耳草全草粉末,减压浓缩得到乙醇浸膏,用蒸馏水溶解后,依次用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取,浓缩分别得到石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇的粗提物;采用DPPH法研究4种不同溶剂粗提物的抗氧化活性.试验结果表明:革叶兔耳草4种不同溶剂的粗提物均有一定的抗氧化活性,且抗氧化活性与粗提物的质量浓度呈一定的量效关系.尤其是乙醇粗提物具有较强的抗氧化活性,可作为一种新的自由基清除剂和天然抗氧化剂.     

绿豆提取物的抑菌作用研究

探讨了绿豆总提取物和氯仿、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取物的抑菌活性.试验表明,正丁醇萃取物为抑菌活性有效萃取物,对枯草芽孢杆菌、白色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、青霉均有不同的抑制作用;同时对正丁醇萃取物的抑菌稳定性进行研究,结果表明温度为30~70℃,pH值为7.0~8.0的条件下都具有较好的抑菌稳定性,且不受紫外线照射的影响;正丁醇萃取物利用薄层色谱分离为五种成分,经过颜色反应和薄层检识,确定一种黄酮类成分和三种皂苷成分.     

微波法提取柚皮中黄酮类化合物的工艺研究

应用微波萃取技术,以柚子皮为原料提取黄酮类化合物,用紫外分光光度法测定提取液中的黄酮类化合物的含量.在微波单因素浸提的基础上,采取正交优化试验,以探讨微波功率、料液比、微波处理时间、pH值、溶剂及溶剂的浓度对黄酮类化合物提取率的影响.正交实验表明,微波法提取黄酮类化合物的最佳条件是:微波功率是595W、微波处理时间20s、液料比为15:1、pH值为11、溶剂是浓度为80%的乙醇,在此条件下浸提,所得的黄酮类化合物含量为0.748%.在该工艺条件下,黄酮类化合物的得率比较高、所需要的时间短,是一种快速、高效、节能、环保的新型提取工艺.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.