共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 221 毫秒
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核电厂操纵员在监视核电厂数字化人-机界面参数信息时,某些时刻难以判断下一个最可能的监视目标,从而导致监视延迟或转移失误的情况。为更好研监视路径预测问题,提出基于马尔可夫过程的监视过程预测路径规划方法,包括监视过程预测路径模型、监视过程预测路径规划算法、转移路径成功率算法。基于提出的方法,对核电厂蒸汽发生器传热管破裂事故操纵员监视转移行为进行分析,以数字化人-机界面作为t时刻监视任务的信息源节点,可以准确预测到下一个监视目标的转移路径,提高操纵员监视绩效并成功地降低监视失误风险。 相似文献
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对国内某核电厂数字化主控室操纵员模拟机复训开展实地观察,收集操纵员在数字化操作平台的操作行为及响应时间的影像数据,根据影像数据应用行为分析技术对操纵员在数字化操作台上的各种操作行为进行分组并获取其响应时间的均值,最终确定了数字化操作平台操纵员操作的模式及各操作行为组的响应时间,该研究及分析成果为明确人员可靠性分析的定性描述,减少定量化分析的不确定性提供了有力的理论及现实依据。 相似文献
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基于统一建模语言对核电厂主控室操纵员的行为特性的分析,提出了对操纵员行为进行工作流建模的方法,进而通过工作流模型来考察操纵员的人因可靠性.对操纵员行为的工作流建模不仅可以准确、形象地反映操纵员的行为特性和内在约束,实现对操纵员行为的可靠性分析;而且操纵员行为工作流模型的仿真执行还能实现从多个角度(操纵员行为、负荷情况、资源运行效率、流程优化等)进行考察.文中通过简化的正常工况和异常工况的典型事例展示了操纵员行为的工作流建模方法. 相似文献
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由于人因可靠性分析(HRA)方法中用于量化基本人因失误概率(HEP)的行为形成因子(PSF)数目众多,且一般是通过专家评判,从而带有主观性、模糊性和不确定性。本文提出一种利用相关系数矩阵、图的距离分类和主成分分析法相结合的方法构建核电厂数字化主控室操纵员PSF的评价模型,其目的是识别不同类型的人因事件中主要影响人因绩效的PSF,以供决策减少人因失误。对某核电厂的179起人因事件报告进行实验,结果表明该评价模型能对核电厂数字化主控室操纵员的PSF进行有效评价。 相似文献
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随着我国核电的发展,数字化仪控系统和设备的引入,给核电厂安全性和可靠性带来的风险得到广泛的关注。目前国内外的核电厂数字化仪控系统状态监测仅针对单个设备,具有一定的局限性,忽略了设备间的可靠性关联及设备可靠性趋势对整个系统可靠性的影响。本文提出一种核电厂数字化仪控系统状态监测及可靠性预测方法,以高压安注系统为例,通过监测多个相关设备的状态信息,分析其内在可靠性关联,得到设备当前可靠性趋势对整个系统可靠性状态的影响,建立系统可靠性模型。该模型通过状态信息的更新,实时监测整个系统的可靠性状态,为核电厂系统和设备提供更为全面的预测和可靠性状态监测,为核电厂的系统管理、设备管理及运行维护提供指导。 相似文献
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The global concerns about safety in the digital technology of the main control room (MCR) are growing as domestic and foreign nuclear power plants are developed with computerized control facilities and human–system interfaces. In a narrow space, the digital technology contributes to a control room environment, which can facilitate the acquisition of all the information needed for operation. Thus, although an individual performance of the advanced MCR can be further improved; there is a limit in expecting an improvement in team performance. The team performance depends on organic coherence as a whole team rather than on the knowledge and skill of an individual operator. Moreover, a good team performance improves communication between and within teams in an efficient manner, and then it can be conducive to addressing unsafe conditions. Respecting this, it is important and necessary to develop methodological technology for the evaluation of operators’ teamwork or collaboration, thus enhancing operational performance in nuclear power plant at the MCR. 相似文献
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科学合理的操纵员管理是核安全的基础,也是核电厂人力资源管理的发展要求。尤其在三哩岛事故发生之后,操纵员管理更加受到重视。科学合理的操纵员管理的前提和基础是操纵员基本行为参数的预测和决策。灰色理论恰好解决了现行操纵员管理预测和决策中所遇到的困境。整个管理过程分为两步:首先,通过以往的操纵员行为参数的记录,建立灰色预测模型,对其今后行为进行预测;然后,使用灰色决策对其进行决策。计算结果对操纵员管理有一定的指导意义,也为操纵员提高自身素质指明了方向。灰色理论方法为今后操纵员管理提供了新的思路和方法。 相似文献
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Yanzi Liu Yu Luan Gang Zhang Jianjun Jiang Li Zhang 《Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology》2020,57(6):719-733
ABSTRACTAs the main control room of nuclear power plants (NPPs) has been gradually digitized, new human reliability problems may emerge because of a series of new changes in the cognitive processes, behavioral patterns, and error mechanisms of operators. Aiming to address this situation, this paper proposes a method as guidance for human reliability analysis (HRA) of different cognitive Stages. This method first constructs the influencing factors of three cognitive processes, including monitoring, decision-making, and execution of actions, and then evaluates the weights of these influencing factors through an analytic hierarchy process (AHP). In this study, the parameters used in the proposed HRA method were determined by analyzing the test data obtained from a simulation model, and the results demonstrated the rationality and feasibility of the proposed method. A case example using this HRA method was given in which the human error probabilities at three stages in a nuclear power plant (NPP) steam generator tube ruptures (SGTR) accident were obtained. In summary, the proposed method is a simple and feasible HRA tool that can be applied in digital NPP main control rooms (MCRs). 相似文献
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