高效液相色谱法测定脂肪酸甲酯磺酸钠中的甲基硫酸钠

本文研究了高效液相色谱法测定MES中甲基硫酸钠杂质含量的方法,研究选定的最佳分析条件为:ODSC18色谱柱(5mm,4.6mm×250mm);柱温35℃;流动相为甲醇+0.1mol/L的NaClO4溶液=10+90;流速0.5mL/min;检测器温度35℃。标准曲线的回归方程为y=162705x+350495,R2=0.9969,相对标准偏差为0.06%,回收率在98.2%～101.1%。结果表明,可以用高效液相色谱法分析脂肪算甲酯磺酸钠中的甲基硫酸钠。     

液相色谱法测定对乙酰氨基酚片的含量

建立了高效液相色谱法测定对乙酰氨基酚片中对乙酰氨基酚含量。色谱条件：C18（5μm,150 mm×4.6 mm）,流动相为0.05 mol/mL醋酸铵溶液∶甲醇（85∶15）,流速1 mL/min,检测波长为244 nm,柱温为30℃,对乙酰氨基酚在3～15μg/mL浓度范围内呈良好线性关系（r=0.9997）。该方法准确、可靠,与标准法比较,结果较为满意,可用于对乙酰氨基酚片中对乙酰氨基酚的含量测定。     

HPLC法测定复方板蓝根口服液中表告依春的含量

建立了高效液相色谱法测定复方板蓝根口服液中表告依春的含量。采用高效液相色谱法。色谱柱为Aigleng C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相:甲醇-0.01 mol/L磷酸二氢钠缓冲液(氢氧化钠试液调节pH 7.2)(7∶93)流速:1.0 mL/min,检测波长240 nm;柱温:30℃。结果显示:表告依春色谱峰分离良好,表告依春进样量在0.01938～0.3876μg范围内线性关系良好,回归方程:A=7154.3C-22.73,r=0.9999;平均回收率为99.7%,RSD为0.77%(n=6)。该测定方法简便,准确,重现性好,精度高,可用于该制剂的质量控制。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中巯基乙酸

采用反相高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中巯基乙酸的含量。色谱条件为:Kromasil C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱,流动相为V(乙腈)∶V(0.01 mol/L KH2PO4溶液(磷酸调pH=2.5))=10∶90的混合溶液,流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长215 nm,柱温30℃,进样量20μL。结果表明,此条件下巯基乙酸在5.0～150.0μg/mL质量浓度范围内与峰面积线性良好,线性回归方程为Y=5 100X-13 400(r=0.999 8),平均回收率在98.4%～100.8%,RSD为0.09%～0.84%。     

对平衡盐冲洗液中杂质葡萄糖二酸钠的研究

建立高效液相色谱法测定平衡盐冲洗液中杂质葡萄糖二酸钠的方法。方法:采用:氢型阳离子交换树脂色谱柱(7.8×300 mm,5μm);流动相:0.025 mol/L的硫酸溶液;检测波长:210 nm;柱温:30℃;流速:1.0 mL/min;进样量20μL。葡萄糖酸钠主成分峰与杂质葡萄糖二酸钠峰完全分离,葡萄糖二酸钠在1.96～50.45μg/mL范围内浓度与色谱峰面积线性关系良好,线性方程为:y=932.56x-1354.8,R~2=0.9998。结论:该方法专属性好,精密度、准确度均符合要求,可用于对平衡盐冲洗液中杂质葡萄糖二酸钠的检测及控制。     

治感佳胶囊中扑热息痛、扑尔敏的含量测定

采用高效液相色谱法测定治感佳胶囊中扑热息痛(对乙酰氨基酚)、扑尔敏(氯苯那敏)的含量。以XB-C18为色谱柱,以甲醇-0.05 mol/L磷酸二氢钾-三乙胺(45∶55∶0.02)(用磷酸调pH值至3.4)为流动相,以261 nm为检测波长,流速为1.0 mL/min,柱温为30℃。对乙酰氨基酚在30.528～305.28μg/mL的浓度范围内线性关系良好,R2=1,平均回收率为98.4%,RSD为0.68%;氯苯那敏在24.47～244.74μg/mL的浓度范围内线性关系良好,R2=0.9998,平均回收率为95.8%,RSD%为0.75%。该方法简便、快捷、准确,能有效的控制治感佳胶囊的质量。     

HPLC法测定银杏达莫注射液中双嘧达莫含量

目的:建立高效液相色谱测定银杏达莫注射液中双嘧达莫含量。方法:色谱柱:Hypersil ODS2 C18(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相:甲醇-0.1%磷酸二氢钠溶液(75∶25);流速:1.0 m L·min-1;检测波长:λ=290 nm;柱温:(30±0.1)℃;进样量20μL。结果:双嘧达莫对照品溶液在7.65～38.25μg/m L范围内峰面积与浓度线性关系良好,回归方程为:Y=7928.4X+4.879(R=0.9993),线性范围7.65～38.25μg/m L。结论:该方法操作更加简捷、方便、安全性更高,可用于测定银杏达莫注射液中双嘧达莫含量,以便于其质量控制。     

高效液相色谱法测定果粒橙中维生素C的含量

建立了反相高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定果粒橙中维生素C的测定方法。采用LC-100PLUS液相色谱仪,Agilent TC-C18色谱柱(4.6×250mm,5μm),以0.05 mol/L磷酸二氢钾∶甲醇=96∶4(V/V)作流动相,室温25℃,流速0.6 mL/min,检测波长288 nm。维生素C浓度与峰面积在5~80μg/mL的范围内呈现良好的线性关系,线性回归方程为y=11.2534x-17.0162(R=0.9989)。相对标准偏差为1.40%。该测定方法操作简便、灵敏、准确、可靠,适用于多数饮料中维生素C含量的测定。     

高效液相色谱法测定小儿氨酚烷胺颗粒中咖啡因含量

建立了高效液相色谱法测定小儿氨酚烷胺颗粒中咖啡因含量的方法。色谱条件如下:Eclipse XDB-C18(4.6mm×150 mm,5μm)色谱柱,流动相为甲醇-水(35∶65),流速1.0 mL.min-1,检测波长275 nm,进样量20μL。咖啡因浓度在15~140 mg.L-1范围内线性关系良好,回归方程为y=64.556x+71.885,R2=0.9991。平均加标回收率为106.8%,RSD=2.21%。该法简便、快速、重复性好,可用于小儿氨酚烷胺颗粒中咖啡因含量的测定。     

高效液相色谱法测定泛昔洛韦片有关物质

建立了高效液相色谱法分离测定泛昔洛韦片的有关物质的方法。采用Aichrombond-AQ C18(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm)色谱柱;流动相:乙腈-0.02 mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液(20∶80);流速:1.0 mL/min;检测波长:221 nm;进样量:20μL。泛昔洛韦色谱保留时间约为10 min,与其有关物质分离度良好。该法准确、灵敏度高,可有效地控制该药品有关物质。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。