庆大霉素高产菌株的抗性方法选育

以生产菌株绛红小单孢菌为出发株,应用N 离子注入及紫外线诱变技术,利用高浓度的庆大霉素梯度平板筛选,或配合含有高浓度庆大霉素的液体培养基的生态驯化,筛选到摇瓶效价分别比出发株提高75.2%和70.1%的N08和Wt63两个高产菌株,10 L发酵罐发酵产量分别达2 118 u/mL和1 843 u/mL,C组分含量符合中国药典2000版的规定.     

点青霉高产葡萄糖氧化酶菌株的诱变选育

以产葡萄糖氧化酶的点青霉(Penicilium notatum)No.8312为出发菌株,经紫外线诱变处理,对单菌落进行摇瓶选育,在193个突变株中初筛选定3株.进一步对培养基和发酵条件优化试验,复筛得到了一株(No.T111)高产葡萄糖氧化酶的菌株,连续12次对其传代试验,该突变株遗传性状稳定,摇瓶产酶水平达到55.7U/mL,比出发株(36.2U/mL)提高了53.9%.     

产银杏内酯内生真菌的选育及发酵条件研究

从银杏中分离出一株能产生银杏内酯类物质的内生真菌Aspergillus fumigatus var.fumigatus FG052,以其为出发菌株,经紫外和亚硝酸复合诱变,结合自身代谢产物的抗性筛选,获得一株遗传稳定性较好的变株m4-4,效价较出发菌株提高56%. 对FG052发酵条件优化表明,最适发酵培养基为：葡萄糖（3%）,NaNO3（0.3 %）,发酵起始pH值7. 最适发酵条件为：接种龄为18 h,接种量为1%,250 mL摇瓶的装液量为30 mL,发酵温度为26 ℃.     

链霉菌702在林可霉素致死剂量下UV诱变研究

在林可霉素致死剂量下UV诱变筛选链霉菌702产抗细菌活性物质高产菌种,试验结果表明,紫外作用20 s对林可霉素致死突变率达到20.77%,抗药性致死突变菌株与该菌产抗细菌活性物质的高产菌株的正突变率达25%,效价提高20%以上达10%,从突变菌株中摇瓶筛选到42-3473菌株,摇瓶发酵生物效价达2062μg/mL,比诱变出发菌株生物效价提高了70%。     

人Cu，Zn-SOD在重组毕赤酵母中表达的发酵工艺研究

以表达人Cu,Zn-SOD的重组毕赤酵母为出发菌株,通过摇瓶实验研究发酵初始pH值、诱导剂浓度、诱导温度和培养基组成等因素对目的蛋白表达水平的影响.实验结果表明,培养基组分对目的蛋白表达水平的影响最大.与YPG培养基相比,菌株在FM22培养基(含0.15%组氨酸及PTM4)中目的蛋白表达量提高5.5倍.在优化摇瓶发酵条件下(诱导剂浓度1%,诱导温度27℃,FM22培养基(含0.15%组氨酸及PTM4),初始pH值为6.0),发酵液上清酶活水平为895 U/mL,较初始提高8.5倍;以摇瓶实验结果指导5 L罐发酵,得到13 539 U/mL酶活,为摇瓶试验的15倍.     

利用抗药性选育盐霉素高产菌株

采用紫外线诱变和紫外线复合氯化锂处理盐霉素生产菌株,利用含棕榈油的筛选平板,结合选育脂肪酶活力高的菌株,成功获得产量提高并适应棕榈油发酵的高产菌株Ae-4.棕榈油完全替代豆油摇瓶113 h发酵的产量是豆油发酵的88.7%(出发株为69.6%).进一步通过选育抗药性突变株获得了抗链霉素的高产突变株E4Lt-1(摇瓶发酵产量提高57.4%)和抗利福霉素的高产突变株Rift-1-2(摇瓶发酵产量提高44.9%).     

响应面法优化L-异亮氨酸产生菌的摇瓶发酵条件

对黄色短杆菌突变株BM2610生产L-异亮氨酸的摇瓶发酵条件进行了研究.单因素优化了菌株BM2610的发酵培养基与培养条件,确定了发酵培养基的最佳碳氮源、最适起始pH、装液量及接种量等,进一步通过响应面分析方法优化了发酵培养基的组成配比.结果在优化条件下,BM2610摇瓶发酵平均积累L-异亮氨酸16.11 g·L~(-1),比未优化前提高了126.3%.     

虎奶菇Pleurotus tuber-regium深层发酵的研究

报道了虎奶菇Pleurotus tuber-regium深层发酵的最适培养基和摇瓶发酵条件.试验结果表明,Pleurotus tuber-regium对单糖、双糖、多糖和糖醇都有一定的利用,但葡萄糖、麦芽糖等对菌丝生长效果较好;酵母粉、黄豆饼粉等蛋白质含量高的氮源对菌丝的生长较为有利;通过k9(34)正交试验确定了Pleurotus tuber-regium发酵的最适培养基为:5%葡萄糖,0.4%酵母粉.0.1%KH2PO4,0.3%MgSO4·7H2O,0.001%VB1及微量NaCl;一定浓度内Na+对茵丝体生长有促进效果.最适的摇瓶发酵条件为:培养基起始pH7.0,培养温度32℃,接种量15%,摇床转速150r/min,250mL三角瓶最适装液量为70mL,发酵周期为6d.     

SAS软件对曲霉M-18产内切葡聚糖酶的发酵条件优化

应用单因素优化和响应面分析实验对一株具有产高Cx/FPA比值纤维素酶的曲霉M-18菌株进行发酵条件优化试验,确定了合适的碳源、氮源及发酵控制参数,得到回归方程反映出该模型具有良好的拟合性,可以用于产内切葡聚糖酶发酵优化的理论预测.进一步分析得到的优化发酵条件为:在基础培养基中添加CMC-Na 0.3%,酵母粉0.5%;产酶发酵温度30℃,装液量67mL/250mL摇瓶、转速175 r/m和接种量1.2 cm2菌苔/50mL.优化前后的实验验证结果相比:优化后的摇瓶发酵Cx酶活力达129.62 u/mL,比原来的98.45 u/mL高出31.67%.     

利福霉素高产菌株快速筛选方法的建立及应用

利福霉素发酵过程中pH变化规律能够反映菌体对不同营养物质的利用情况及菌体生理特性的变化,并与最终放瓶效价有一定的关联。据此建立了一种以发酵前期(±50 h)pH变化为判断依据的新的快速筛选菌种的方法,即发酵前期pH下降到谷底较早的菌株高产的可能性很大(概率接近70%),并在双亲株灭活种间融合法选育利福霉素SV菌株中进行了应用,筛选到了高产融合菌株F-3及F-16,两菌株分别比出发菌株效价提高了11%和17%。同时,得到了两个亲株(利福霉素SV产生菌U-32、利福霉素B产生菌X#-1)的酶解条件(U-32:10 m g/mL、34°C、2 h;X#-1:10 m g/mL、34°C、3 h)及原生质体双灭活标记条件(U-32:UV 20 m in;X#-1:60°C、50 m in),双灭活原生质体用500 g/L PEG融合,融合频率约1.04×10-5。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.