声表面波技术在压缩机轴承温度测量的应用

提出通过声表面波技术实现压缩机轴承温度的测量监控.利用声表面波器件原理设计无线测温系统,给出了其结构和安装要求.将无线测温系统与传统热电阻测温方式进行对比,结果表明:无线测温系统对转动设备的温度测量具有一定优势.     

超高温梭式窑的燃烧及测温系统

重点介绍了超高温梭式窑的燃烧系统和测温、控温系统 ,并介绍了在该测温系统中所使用的几种温度测量仪器的测量原理、测量方法及其特点和存在的问题     

工业智能以太网I/O服务器在选煤厂电机测温方面的应用

介绍了工业智能以太网I/O服务器在选煤厂电机测温方面的优缺点,描述了系统构成、各元器件功能及工作原理;与传统PLC热电阻模块测温和温度变送器测量的方法相比,该方法在测量电机温度方面有一定技术优势。     

红外测温技术在滚动轮胎表面温度场测试中的应用

介绍了红外测温技术的特点及其在滚动轮胎表面温度场测试中的应用。红外测温技术是依据物体发出的红外辐射能量与物体温度之间的关系进行温度测量的,它具有快速、非接触、不破坏被测温度场及测量精度高等优点。应用双向红外测温系统进行了载重轮胎9.00-2014PR滚动表面温度场分布的测定,其数据表面,轮胎各部位温升大小不同;胎冠最大、胎侧次之、胎圈较小、胎肩最小,与实际情况基本符合。     

立火道温度在线连续测量系统的研究及应用

介绍了焦炉立火道自动在线连续测温的原理,详细阐述了由光学镜头、光纤和光电转换装置三部分组成的自动测温系统,根据自动测温的数据并参考人工测量的历史数据建立数学模型,同时把自动测量的数据输送到立火道温度控制系统和焦炉热工控制系统进行调节控制,稳定了焦炉的热工操作,经专业机构对自动测温系统的测试,结果自动测温与人工测温是高度相关的。     

基于机器视觉的发光体断面温度辐射测量方法

研究了弥散介质下高温发光体断面温度的辐射测量方法,在线监控高炉回旋区煤粉燃烧工况,对单波长和双波长辐射图像灰度和温度模型进行了理论和实验研究.提出的摄像机快门控制模型解决了面阵电子耦合器件在高温测试中信号输出过饱和导致的"图像发白"现象,提高了辐射测温动态范围.通过不同波长、不同快门时间和光圈条件下辐射测温实验,得出了不同测量条件的比色测温曲线和比色测温误差,实现了高炉风口燃烧带喷射火焰实时温度测量和回旋区工况监控.     

锦45块Ⅱ类稠油蒸汽驱先导试验区光纤测温技术的应用

分布式光纤测温技术利用光纤后向喇曼散射光谱的温度效应和光时域反射技术实现温度测量,它是一种利用既是传输介质,又是传感介质的光纤进行实时测量空间温度场分布的传感系统.文章介绍了分布式光纤测温系统进行井温测量的工作原理、系统构成及在稠油热采井中进行测量的测试工艺和现场应用.该系统具有良好的测量精度和分辫率,可以在不影响温度场原始分布的情况下实现实时快速的测量.     

分布式光纤测温技术及其在稠油开采中的应用

分布式光纤测温技术利用光纤后向喇曼散射光谱的温度效应和光时域反射技术实现温度测量,它是一种利用既是传输介质,又是传感介质的光纤进行实时测量空间温度场分布的传感系统。文章介绍了分布式光纤测温系统进行井温测量的工作原理、系统构成及在稠油注蒸汽井中进行测量的测试工艺和现场应用。该系统具有良好的测量精度和分辨率,可以在不影响温度场原始分布的情况下实现实时快速的测量。     

移动手模自动测温系统的研究

为解决目前移动手模测温工作测量精度低、劳动强度大等问题,通过对连续移动手模表面温度测量方法的研究和关键技术分析,研发移动手模自动测温系统。该系统为非接触回转式测温系统,采用可编程控制器控制整个自动测温系统,通过步进电动机带动连杆上的红外测温传感器对移动物体实施同步跟踪,可保证传感器有足够的测量时间时间,以获取准确的数据并自动采集和记录。使用力控组态开发PC机组态系统,以便实时监测手模温度。实际生产应用结果表明,移动手模自动测温系统采集的温度精度较高,达到工厂生产要求。     

修正的比色测温法在水泥窑图像温度检测系统中的应用研究

针对水泥回转窑内烧成带温度难于检测这一问题,基于比色测温原理并结合计算机视觉和图像采集技术,建立了动态图像温度检测系统.针对传统比色测温法在实际应用中所存在的测量精度低的缺陷,根据水泥窑内实际煅烧工况,对比色测温法中的双色分量比值进行了修正,通过修正使测温精度有了大幅度的提高.     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.