Fe—Mn—Si形状记忆合金中元素对材料耐蚀性的影响

研究了Ｆｅ－Ｍｎ－Ｓｉ形状记忆合金中元素对材料耐腐蚀性能及形状记忆性能的影响。结果表明：在Ｆｅ－Ｍｎ－Ｓｉ合金中，随着Ｍｎ，Ｓｉ含量的增加，其耐腐蚀性能略有提高，但Ｍｎ含量过高会导致合金形状记忆性能下降。而在Ｆｅ－Ｍｎ－Ｓｉ合金中加入适量的Ｃｒ，可明显提高该合金的耐腐蚀性能，并使之具有良好的形状记忆性能。     

Fe－Mn－Si形状记忆合金中元素对材料耐蚀性的影响

研究了Ｆｅ－Ｍｎ－Ｓｉ形状记忆合金中元素对材料耐腐蚀性能及形状记忆性能的影响。结果表明：在Ｆｅ－Ｍｎ－Ｓｉ合金中，随着Ｍｎ、Ｓｉ含量的增加，其耐腐蚀性能略有提高，但Ｍｎ含量过高会导致合金形状记忆性能下降。而在Ｆｅ－Ｍｎ－Ｓｉ合金中加入适量的Ｃｒ，可明显提高该合金的耐腐蚀性能，并使之具有良好的形状记忆性能。     

形变对Fe－30Mn－6Si基合金形状记忆效应的影响及其机理研究

本文用膨胀法比较了Ｆｅ－３０Ｍｎ－６Ｓｉ合金在拉伸应变下纵向（沿拉伸方向）和横向（垂直拉伸方向）恢复率的不同；研究了预应变对纵向恢复量，恢复率以及Ａ_ｓ，Ａ_ｆ的影响；还用一个大应变量下的样品在Ａ_ｓ和Ａ_ｆ范围内的不同温度区间进行了加热和冷却循环试验，得到了一些很有意义的信息。用正电子湮灭方法研究了Ｆｅ－３０ＭＤ－６Ｓｉ，Ｆｅ－３０Ｍｎ－６Ｓｉ－５Ｃｒ合金时效和非时效样品拉伸预应变量对合金中缺陷量，缺陷密度，γ→ε相变量等的影响。     

形变对Fe—30Mn—6Si基合金形状记忆效应的影响及其机理研究

本文用膨胀法比较了Ｆｅ－３０Ｍｎ－６Ｓｉ合金在拉伸应变下纵向（沿拉伸方向）和横向（垂直拉伸方向）恢复率的不同；研究了预应变对纵向恢复量，恢复率以及Ａｓ，Ａｆ的影响；还用一个大应变量下的样品在Ａｓ和Ａｆ范围内的不同区间进行了加热和冷却循环试验，得到了一些很有意义的信息。用正电子湮灭方法研究了Ｆｅ－３０Ｍｎ－６Ｓｉ，Ｆ３－３０Ｍｎ－６Ｓｉ－５Ｃｒ合金时效和非时效样品位伸预应变量对合金中的缺陷量，缺陷密     

FeMnSiCrNi形状记忆合金研究

研究了ＦｅＭｎＳｉＣｒＮｉ合金的化学成分、蠕变性能及腐蚀特性。结果表明，Ｆｅ－１４Ｍｎ－６Ｓｉ－９Ｃｒ－５Ｎｉ合金具有较好的形状记忆效应。经训练后，合金绝对应变回复率可达６．２％，并具有较好的抗蠕变性能、抗碱性腐蚀性能和抗晶间腐蚀性能。     

Fe—Mn和Fe—Mn—Si粉末混合物的机械合金化

对Ｆｅ－２４Ｍｎ，Ｆｅ－２４Ｍｎ－６Ｓｉ成分的粉末混合物进行了机械球磨，并对不同时间的球磨样品进行了Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）和Ｍｏ¨ｓｂａｕｅｒ谱测量。结果表明，球磨使得Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｓｉ在原子尺度上发生了混合，形成了顺磁性、面心立方结构的Ｆｅ－２４Ｍｎ或Ｆｅ－２４Ｍｎ－６Ｓｉ纳米晶合金，这是Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ或Ｓｉ原子由颗粒表面到体内扩散的结果。球磨６７ｈ以后结构未发生变化，表明形成的是一种热力学亚稳结构，这个结果与Ｆｅ－Ｍｎ和Ｆｅ－Ｍｎ－Ｓｉ合金在室温下的相图结构明显不同。     

Fe—Mn—Si—Cr—Ni形状记忆合金超弹性的研究

用拉伸实验研究了Ｆｅ－１５．２Ｍｎ－６Ｓｉ－８．３Ｃｒ－７Ｎｉ、Ｆｅ－１６Ｍｎ－５Ｓｉ－９Ｃｒ－４Ｎｉ和３１７Ｌ不锈钢的应力应谜面工线。结果表明,铁基形状记忆合金存在显著的超弹必     

Fe-Mn-Si-Cr-Ni形状记忆合金超弹性的研究

用拉伸实验研究了Ｆｅ－１５．２Ｍｎ－６Ｓｉ－８．３Ｃｒ－７Ｎｉ、Ｆｅ－１６Ｍｎ－５Ｓｉ－９Ｃｒ－４Ｎｉ和３１７Ｌ不锈钢的应力应变曲线。结果表明,铁基形状记忆合金存在显著的超弹性。其应力应变曲线上,卸载时的曲线和再加载时的曲线相比有明显的滞后。合金卸载时存在极大的非线性回弹εｓｂ,εｓｂ随变形量的增加而增加,而超弹性应变εＳＥ在小变形量下随变形量的增加而增加,当总变形量超过一定值时,εＳＥ不再增加。Ｆｅ－１５．２Ｍｎ－６Ｓｉ－８．３Ｃｒ－７Ｎｉ的最大超弹性应变εＳＥ可达到０．７５％。应力诱发马氏体与母相之间界面移动产生超弹性,超弹性受化学驱劝力和母相对马氏体相的弹性约束控制。热形成马氏体和母相强度对超弹性影响不大。     

含碳Fe－Mn－Si－Cr－Ni合金形状记忆效应的研究

研究了碳加入后对Ｆｅ－１４Ｍｎ－５Ｓｉ－８Ｃｒ－４Ｎｉ合金形状记忆效应（ＳＭＥ）的影响。结果表明，碳元素的适当加入，有助于合金的可愎复应变的提高。在３．７５～７．５％变形量时，含碳量为０．１２％的合金的可恢复应变量可达２．５～３％，高于超低碳合金（Ｃ＜０．０２％）     

含碳Fe—Mn—Si—Cr—Ni合金形状记忆效尖的研究

研究了碳加入后对Ｆｅ－１４Ｍｎ－５Ｓｉ－８Ｃｒ－４Ｎｉ合金形状记忆效应（ＳＭＥ）的影响。结果表明，碳元素的适当加入，有助于合金的可恢复应变的提高。在３．７５￣７．５％变形量时，含碳量为０．１２％的合金的可恢复应变量可达２．５￣３％，高于超低碳合金（Ｃ〈０．０２％）。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.