放射性^99mTc标记的NMDA受体配基N2S2-Memantine的合成

以美金刚胺为原料,先与氯乙酰氯反应,再与二硫二氮缩合,最后与醋酸汞硫化氢反应脱巯基保护基得到标记前体N-[2-(N-(2-巯基乙基))氨基甲酰甲基J-N-(2-巯基乙基)-3,5-二甲基金刚烷胺基乙酰胺.关键化合物N-[2-((2-(S-(4-甲氧基苄基)巯基)乙基)氨基)乙酰基]-S-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2-氨基乙硫醇和N-[2-(S-(4-甲氧基苄基)硫基)乙基]-N-[N-(2-(S-(4-甲氧基苄基)硫基)乙基)氨基)甲酰甲基]-3,5-二甲基金刚烷胺基乙酰胺得到核磁和质谱表征,总收率为32%.     

一种质子泵抑制剂吡咯磺酰类药物的合成工艺

阐述了质子泵抑制剂吡咯磺酰类药物2-[3-[[2-(2-氟苯基)-4-[(甲氨基)甲基]-1 H-吡咯-1-基]磺酰基]苯氧基]-N,N-二甲乙酰胺(1)的合成方法。该方法以5-(2-氟苯基)-1 H-吡咯-3-甲醛(2)、3-[2-(二甲氨基)-2-羰基乙氧基]苯-1-磺酰氯(3)为原料,经缩合反应得到2-[3-[[2-(2-氟苯基)-4-甲酰基-1 H-吡咯-1-基]磺酰基]苯氧基]-N,N-二甲乙酰胺(4),化合物(4)经还原氨化得到化合物(1)。该工艺路线简短,操作简便,副反应少,反应收率高,适合工业化生产。     

一种SGLT1/2抑制剂的合成工艺

阐述了一种SGLT1/2抑制剂1,6-脱水-1-C-[4-氯-3-[(4-三氟甲氧基苯基)甲基]苯基]-5-C-(羟甲基)-β-L-艾杜吡喃糖(1)的合成方法。该方法以[(3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-三苄氧基-6-[4-氯-3-[[4-(三氟甲氧基)苯基]甲基]苯基]-2-羟甲基-6-甲氧基-四氢吡喃-2-基]甲醇(2)为原料,经过成环反应得到[(1R,2S,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4-三苄氧基-5-[4-氯-3-[[4-(三氟甲氧基)苯基]甲基]苯基]-6,8-二氧杂双环并[3.2.1]辛烷-1-基]甲醇(3),化合物3经过氢化脱苄得到化合物(1)。该工艺路线操作简单,可操作性强,副反应少,反应收率高,适合工业化生产。     

制备4-[[4-[[4-（2-氰基乙烯基）-2，6-二甲基苯基]氨基]-2-嘧啶基]氨基]苄腈的方法

本发明提供了制备式（Ⅰ）所示4-[[4-[[4-（2-氰基乙烯基）-2，6-二甲基苯基]氨基]2-嘧啶基]氨基]苄腈、其N-氧化物、可药用酸加成盐、季铵或立体化学异构形式的方法，所述方法包括a）将4-（2-氰基乙烯基）-2，6-二甲基苯胺与式（Ⅲ）中间体在合适的溶剂存在下反应；b）将式（Ⅳ）中间体与丙烯腈在合适的钯催化剂、合适的碱以及合适的溶剂存在下反应；c）将式（Ⅰ）化合物的相应的酰胺脱水。     

缬沙坦的合成

以N-（三苯基甲基）-5-（4＇-溴甲基联苯-2-基）四氮唑为原料,与N-戊酰基-L-缬氨酸甲酯反应制得3-甲基-2-[戊酰基-[[4-[2-（1-三苯甲基四唑-5-基）苯基]苯基]甲基]氨基]丁酸甲酯,然后经过脱三苯基保护、水解反应得到缬沙坦,总收率52%。该工艺具有路线短、收率高、成本低等优点,适于工业化生产。     

妥卡替尼的合成研究

以2-氨基-4-氯吡啶为起始原料，经过缩合、取代、环合、乌尔曼反应和水合肼还原硝基5步反应得到中间体4-([1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-7-氧基)-3-甲基苯胺，总收率28.8%。2-氨基-5-硝基苯腈先与N,N-二甲基甲酰胺二甲基缩醛（DMF-DMA）缩合，再与4-([1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-7-氧基)-3-甲基苯胺环合得到N-[3-甲基-4-([1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-7-氧基)苯基]-6-硝基-4-喹唑啉胺，再经硝基还原得到N4-[3-甲基-4-([1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-7-氧基)苯基]-4,6-喹唑啉二胺，三步收率47.4%。同时，采用二硫化碳和2-氨基-2-甲基-1-丙醇为原料，经两步反应制备4,5-二氢-4,4-二甲基-2-(甲硫基)噁唑三氟甲磺酸盐，收率68.6%。最后，N4-[3-甲基-4-([1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-7-氧基)苯基]-4,6-喹唑啉二胺和4,5-二氢-4,4-二甲基-2-(甲硫基)噁唑三氟甲磺酸盐以三乙胺为碱进行缩合反应得到妥卡替尼，收率62.8%，HPLC纯度99.08%。采用1HNMR、13CNMR和HRMS等对产物结构进行了表征。该合成路线原料廉价易得，为妥卡替尼的放大生产提供理论依据。     

N-（2-（7-氯-4-氧代-2-苯氨基喹唑啉-3（4H）-基）乙基）酰胺的合成

研究了N-（2-（7-氯-4-氧代-2-苯氨基喹唑啉-3（4 H）-基）乙基）酰胺的合成方法。以4-氯-2-氨基苯甲酸为起始原料,通过氮杂-Wittig反应合成关键中间体7-氯-3-氨乙基-2-苯氨基喹唑啉酮,再以酰胺类似物为先导,根据活性亚结构拼接原理,将活性基团喹唑啉酮乙基导入酰胺基中,设计合成一系列含喹唑啉酮乙基的新型酰胺类似物,并通过IR、1 HNMR、MS及元素分析等对其结构进行确证。     

达比加群酯的合成工艺改进

本文以3-[[2-[(4-氰基苯胺基)甲基]-1-甲基-1H-苯并咪唑-5-羰基](吡啶-2-基)氨基]丙酸乙酯(1)为原料,与对甲苯磺酸成盐得到3-[2-[(4-脒基苯基)氨基]甲基]-1-甲基-1H-苯并咪唑-5-基]羰基](吡啶-2-基)氨基]丙酸乙酯对甲苯磺酸盐(2),然后化合物2与氯甲酸正己酯发生酰化反应得到达比加群酯,本文系统研究了以3-氨基-4-(甲基氨基)苯甲酸为原料,反应溶剂,反应温度等对中间体及终产物合成的影响。实验表明,以3-氨基-4-(甲基氨基)苯甲酸为原料,经过关环、缩合、成脒,再与氯甲酸正己酯反应,只需简单精制就可得到纯度较高的达比加群酯。     

光稳定剂

[化学名]聚[[6-[(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)氨基]-1,3,5-三嗪-2,4-二基][(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基]亚氨基]-1,6-己烷二基[(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)亚氨基]] Poly [[6-E(1, 1, 3, 3-tetramethylbutyl) amino]-1, 3, 5-triazine-2, 4-diyl][(2,2,6, 6-tetramethyl-4-pit~riclinyl) imino]-1, 6-hexanediyl[(2,2,6, 6-tetramethyl-4-piperidi-     

4-(3'-氯苯氨基)-6-甲氧基喹唑啉类衍生物的合成、表征及抗癌活性

以N'-[5-(3-氯丙氧基)]-2-氰基-4-甲氧苯基-N,N-二甲基甲脒为原料,经过成环、醚化,合成了4个4-(3'-氯苯氨基)-6-甲氧基喹唑啉类化合物(Ⅰa～Ⅰd):N-(3'-氯苯基)-6-甲氧基-7-[3-(4-硝基苯氧基)丙氧基]喹唑啉-4-胺(Ⅰa)、N-(3'-氯苯基)-6-甲氧基-7-[3-(3-硝基苯氧基)丙氧基]喹唑啉-4-胺(Ⅰb)、4-{3-[4-(3'-氯苯胺基)-6-甲氧基喹唑啉-7-基氧基]丙氧基}-3-甲氧基苯甲醛(Ⅰc)、3-{3-[4-(3'-氯苯胺基)-6-甲氧基喹唑啉-7-基氧基]丙氧基}-4-甲氧基苯甲醛(Ⅰd),收率分别为51.3%、60.3%、85.4%、79.4%。产物的结构经IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS和元素分析表征。采用MTT法进行化合物抑制Bcap-37细胞的体外活性测试,结果表明,合成的化合物具有不同程度抑制Bcap-37细胞的活性,其中化合物Ⅰa在10μmol/L浓度下对Bcap-37细胞的抑制率为83.4%。     

抗高血压药缬沙坦的新合成方法

以2N-三苯甲基-5-(4'-溴甲基联每2-基)四氮唑为原料,与L-缬氨酸甲酯盐酸盐反应制得N-[[2'-(2N-三苯甲基-四氮唑-5-基)-(1,1'-二苯基)-4-基]-甲基]-L-缬氨酸甲酯,然后经过脱三苯甲基保护、酰化、水解得到标题化合物,总收率49.8%.     

一种新型含砜基青成色剂的合成

采用对羟基苯硫酚和溴丁酸甲酯为原料合成含砜基型青成色剂N-{[3-羟基-4-(3,4-二氯苯甲酰氨基)-6-氯]苯基}-2-([4-十二烷氧基苯基)砜基]-丁酰胺,总收率43%,发色后吸收曲线与标样相同,感光性能接近标样。     

N,N-二甲基色胺衍生物合成研究

以四氢呋喃和对氰甲基盐酸苯肼 (Ⅹ )为主要原料合成了色胺衍生物N ,N 二甲基 2 { 5 [(3 氨基 1,2 ,4 口恶二唑 5 基 )甲基 ] 1 氢 吲哚 3 基 }乙胺 (Ⅶ )。四氢呋喃和氯化氢反应 ,得到4 氯丁醇 ( ) ,产率为 6 2 % ;用氯铬酸吡啶盐氧化得 4 氯丁醛 ( ) ,产率为 6 1% ;经缩醛化得 4 氯丁醛缩甲醇 ( ) ,产率为 5 6 % ;用二甲胺取代得 4 (N ,N 二甲胺基 )丁醛缩甲醇(Ⅸ ) ,产率为 86 % ;Ⅸ与Ⅹ经环化得N ,N 二甲基 2 [5 (氰甲基 ) 1氢 吲哚 3 基 ]乙胺 (Ⅺ ) ,产率为 76 % ;Ⅺ经酯化得N ,N 二甲基 2 [5 (乙酯甲基 ) 1氢 吲哚 3 基 ]乙胺 (Ⅻ ) ,产率为 82 % ;Ⅻ与羟基硫酸胍缩合得产物 (Ⅶ ) ,产率为 6 6 %。     

1β-甲基碳青霉烯类抗生素——比阿培南的合成综述

对比阿培南的合成路线进行文献综述,先总体介绍比阿培南的两条总合成路线,进而介绍其中侧链对接法所涉及各关键中间体（包括1β-甲基碳青霉烯母核、吡唑烷环、含硫双五环侧链）的合成路线。1β-甲基碳青霉烯母核可通过分子内卡宾插入反应或分子内Dieckmann缩合反应两种方法合成,含硫双五环侧链则有以1,2-二（叔丁氧羰基）肼为原料和以水合肼为原料两条路线。     

离子液体中6-羟基-3,4-二氢-2(1H)-喹啉酮的合成

研究了离子液体[bmim]Cl-AlCl3催化4-甲氧基苯胺与丙烯酰氯反应一锅法合成6-羟基-3,4-二氢-2(1H)-喹啉酮,并用IR、1HNMR和元素分析对其结构进行确证。在[bmim]Cl-AlCl3介质中,4-甲氧基苯胺与丙烯酰氯发生酰化反应生成N-(4-甲氧基苯基)丙烯酰胺。而后在[bmim]Cl-AlCl3和酰化反应产生的HCl协同作用下,经过分子内Friedel-Crafts烷基化和脱甲基化反应,以89.6%的产率得到6-羟基-3,4-二氢-2(1H)-喹啉酮。离子液体[bmim]Cl-AlCl3作为催化剂和反应介质可以回收利用,重复使用5次目标产物的产率无明显降低。     

Structure–Affinity Relationships of Fluorinated Spirocyclic σ2 Receptor Ligands with an Exocyclic Benzylamino Moiety

To identify a potent and selective σ₂ receptor ligand appropriate for development as a positron emission tomography (PET) tracer, several fluorinated analogues of the spirocyclic lead compounds trans- and cis- 6 (N-(2,4-dimethylbenzyl)-3-methoxy-3,4-dihydrospiro[[2]benzopyran-1,1′-cyclohexan]-4′-amine) were designed. In multistep syntheses, a fluorine atom was introduced directly or as a 2-fluoroethoxy moiety on the 2-benzopyran scaffold, on the dimethylbenzylamino moiety, or on the central amino moiety. The σ₁ and σ₂ receptor affinity was determined in receptor binding studies with radioligands. With respect to σ₂ affinity and σ₂/σ₁ selectivity, cis-N-(2,4-dimethylbenzyl)-5-fluoro-3-methoxy-3,4-dihydrospiro[[2]benzopyran-1,1′-cyclohexan]-4′-amine (cis- 15 c , K_i(σ₂)=51 nm ) and cis-N-[4-(fluoromethyl)-2-methylbenzyl]-3-methoxy-3,4-dihydrospiro[[2]benzopyran-1,1′-cyclohexan]-4′-amine (cis- 28 e , K_i(σ₂)=57 nm ) are the most promising ligands. The combination of both structural elements in one molecule, cis-N-[4-(fluoromethyl)-2-methylbenzyl]-5-fluoro-3-methoxy-3,4-dihydrospiro[[2]benzopyran-1,1′-cyclohexan]-4′-amine (cis- 28 c : K_i(σ₂)=874 nm ), resulted in decreased σ₂ and σ₁ affinity. Methylation of secondary amines led to three tertiary methylamines with moderate affinity for both σ receptor subtypes.     

甘氨酸席夫碱(Ni)配合物法不对称合成2S,7S-二氨基辛二酸

以S-2-N-(N′-苄基-S-脯氨酰)-氨基二苯甲酮-镍(Ⅱ)-甘氨酸(BPB-Ni(Ⅱ)-Gly)复合物为手性助剂,与1,4-二溴丁烷反应制备了标题化合物.探讨了反应时间以及反应物配比对反应产率影响,确定了最佳反应条件:BPB-Ni(Ⅱ)-Gly复合物与1,4-二溴丁烷的物质的量比为1∶0.5,反应时间为10 min.2S,7S-二氨基辛二酸的总产率为63%.同时用核磁共振、高分辨质谱及旋光技术对产物进行了表征.     

氯化N—（3—苯氧—2—羟）丙基—N，N，N—三烷基铵的合成及其相转移催化性能

苯酚和环氧氯丙烷在相转移催化条件下反应生成苯基缩水甘油醚，然后和三甲胺或三乙胺的盐酸盐反应得到氯化N-（3-苯氧-2-羟）丙基-N，N，N-三烷基铵，其结构通过红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱及元素分析得以证实。测定了其对氧烷基化反应、氮烷基化反应的相转移催化作用。     

Reaction of ethyl N-(6-ethoxycarbonyl-2-methylthiothieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidin-5-yl) formimidate with alkyl- and arylhydrazines: Formation of modified thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines and thieno[2,3-d:4,5-d]dipyrimidin-4-ones

The reaction of ethyl N-(6-ethoxycarbonyl-2-methyl-thiothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)formimidate ( 1 ) with methyl-hydrazine, N,N′-dimethyl- and N,N′-diphenylhydrazines separately in refluxing ethanol resulted in hydrolysis of formimidate group to give ethyl 5-amino-2-methylthiothieno[2,3-d] pyrimidine-6-carboxylate ( 2 ). The reaction on 1 with methyl-hydrazine without solvent afforded ethyl 5-amino-2-(1-methyl-hydrazino)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylate ( 3 ), which underwent hydrazone formation with p-nitrobenzaldehyde to give 4 . Treatment of 1 with N,N-dimethylhydrazine afforded a mixture of 3-dimethylamino-7-methylthiothieno[2,3-d:4,5-d']dipyrimidin-4(3H)-one ( 5 ) and 2 . Displacement of methylthio group in 5 with morpholine, piperidine and 4-methylpiperazine gave the corresponding 7-substituted derivatives 6a-c . The reaction of 1 with para-substituted phenylhydrazines resulted in the formation of 3-(p-substituted phenylamino)7-methylthiothieno[2,3-d:4,5-d']dipyrimidin-4 (3H)ones ( 7a-c ).     

Conformation analysis of aspartame-based sweeteners by NMR spectroscopy, molecular dynamics simulations, and X-ray diffraction studies

We report here the synthesis and the conformation analysis by 1H NMR spectroscopy and computer simulations of six potent sweet molecules, N-[3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methylbutyl]-alpha-L-aspartyl-S-tert-butyl-L-cysteine 1-methylester (1; 70 000 times more potent than sucrose), N-[3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methylbutyl]-alpha-L-aspartyl-beta-cyclohexyl-L-alanine 1-methylester (2; 50 000 times more potent than sucrose), N-[3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methylbutyl]-alpha-L-aspartyl-4-cyan-L-phenylalanine 1-methylester (3; 2 000 times more potent than sucrose), N-[3,3-dimethylbutyl]-alpha-L-aspartyl-(1R,2S,4S)-1-methyl-2-hydroxy-4-phenylhexylamide (4; 5500 times more potent than sucrose), N-[3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)propyl]-alpha-L-aspartyl-(1R,2S,4S)-1-methyl-2-hydroxy-4-phenylhexylamide (5; 15 000 times more potent than sucrose), and N-[3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methylbutyl]-alpha-L-aspartyl-(1R,2S,4S)-1-methyl-2-hydroxy-4-phenylhexylamide (6; 15 000 times more potent than sucrose). The "L-shaped" structure, which we believe to be responsible for sweet taste, is accessible to all six molecules in solution. This structure is characterized by a zwitterionic ring formed by the AH- and B-containing moieties located along the +y axis and by the hydrophobic group X pointing into the +x axis. Extended conformations with the AH- and B-containing moieties along the +y axis and the hydrophobic group X pointing into the -y axis were observed for all six sweeteners. For compound 5, the crystal-state conformation was also determined by an X-ray diffraction study. The result indicates that compound 5 adopts an L-shaped structure even in the crystalline state. The extraordinary potency of the N-arylalkylated or N-alkylated compounds 1-6, as compared with that of the unsubstituted aspartame-based sweet taste ligands, can be explained by the effect of a second hydrophobic binding domain in addition to interactions arising from the L-shaped structure. In our examination of the unexplored D zone of the Tinti-Nofre model, we discovered a sweet-potency-enhancing effect of arylalkyl substitution on dipeptide ligands, which reveals the importance of hydrophobic (aromatic)-hydrophobic (aromatic) interactions in maintaining high potency.