TiO_2/C/BP复合负极材料的制备及其储锂性能研究

为了提高TiO_2负极材料的电化学性能,采用球磨-超声-水热法制备了TiO_2/C/BP复合负极材料,测定了材料的循环放电比容量、倍率性能、循环伏安曲线和交流阻抗。结果表明,二氧化钛掺杂石墨、黑磷后,二氧化钛晶型不受影响,TiO_2/C/BP复合材料颗粒分散性得到改善、交流阻抗减小、导电性明显增强,与纯TiO_2相比,电流密度为100 mA/g,首圈放电比容量由320 mA·h/g提高到502 mA·h/g,第3圈放电比容量由175 mA·h/g提高到335 mA·h/g,经过100次循环后,纯TiO_2的放电比容量降至98 mA·h/g,而TiO_2/C/BP的放电比容量仍维持在255 mA·h/g,放电比容量保持率明显提高,库伦效率的稳定性也得到显著提高。     

热处理对锂离子电池硅/石墨/炭负极电化学性能的影响

将天然石墨、酚醛树脂和微米级硅粉进行球磨处理制备复合材料前驱物,再于N2气氛下700℃炭化得到硅/石墨/炭(Si/G/C)复合电极材料,采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和透射电镜及电化学循环充放电对其形貌、结构及其电化学性能进行表征.结果表明,Si/G/C作为锂离子电池负极材料具有高于900 mA·h/g的可逆比容量,40次循环后保持在550 mA·h/g.对电极进行热处理后,其循环性能显著提高,40次循环后比容量保持在700 mA· h/g.扫描电镜分析结果显示,热处理后集流体上电极材料分布更均匀,因涂抹不均形成的空隙不复存在.热处理后电极结构更致密、内部黏结强度增大使其结构稳定性明显提升,是电极循环性能提高的主要原因.     

La掺杂Al代α-Ni(OH)_2电极材料的性能

采用尿素均相沉淀法制备了La掺杂Al代α-Ni(OH)2粉体材料,表征了其微观结构和形貌,并测试了样品作为MH-Ni电池正极活性材料的电化学性能.结果表明,制备的样品颗粒呈类球形,与Al代α-Ni(OH)2相比,结晶度增强,具有更大的晶格层间距,电极反应具有更好的可逆性和较小的电化学阻抗,在0.1C下放电比容量达403.04mA·h/g,放电中值电压较高并稳定于1.29V,1C下放电比容量达343.47mA·h/g,充放电循环50次容量保持率为90.31%,显示了良好的较大倍率放电性能.     

Li_4Ti_5O_(12)-C复合材料的制备及性能

以葡萄糖为碳源,以Li_2CO_3、TiO_2为原料,采用原位复合法制得不同碳质量分数的锂离子电池复合负极材料Li_4Ti_5O_(12)-C。通过X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜对复合材料的结构及表面形貌进行了表征,采用恒流充放电和电化学阻抗等技术对复合材料进行电化学性能测试。结果表明:Li_4Ti_5O_(12)-C没有杂相,颗粒均匀。其中,碳质量分数为3%的复合材料在0.5 C下的首次放电比容量最高,为185.9 mA·h/g,循环50次后,其放电比容量仍为161.5 mA·h/g,容量保持率为86.9%;在4.0 C下,其首次放电比容量为106.9mA·h/g。与其他样品相比,碳质量分数为3%的复合材料循环伏安氧化还原峰电位相差为278.6 mV,溶液阻抗为6.198?,电荷转移电阻为187.2?,电化学性能最好。     

La掺杂Al代a-Ni(OH)2电极材料的性能

采用尿素均相沉淀法制备了La掺杂Al代a-Ni(OH)2粉体材料,表征了其微观结构和形貌,并测试了样品作为MH-Ni电池正极活性材料的电化学性能. 结果表明,制备的样品颗粒呈类球形,与Al代a-Ni(OH)2相比,结晶度增强,具有更大的晶格层间距,电极反应具有更好的可逆性和较小的电化学阻抗,在0.1 C下放电比容量达403.04 mA×h/g,放电中值电压较高并稳定于1.29 V,1 C下放电比容量达343.47 mA×h/g,充放电循环50次容量保持率为90.31%,显示了良好的较大倍率放电性能.     

锂离子电池正极材料Li3V2[(PO4)1-xFx]3/C的合成及性能表征

以LiH2PO4、LiF和V2O5为原料,蔗糖为还原剂,用碳热还原法合成了Li3V2[(PO4)1-xFx]3/C(x=0、0.02、0.05、0.08、0.10和0.15),并用X射线衍射、Fourier变换红外光谱、循环伏安、交流阻抗谱和恒流充放电技术研究了F-掺杂对材料结构和电化学性能的影响.结果表明:F-掺杂Li3V2(PO4)3/C与纯Li3V2(PO4)3/C均为单斜结构,但少量的F-掺杂可提高电极反应可逆程度和电导率,降低电荷传递阻抗;在所得的F-掺杂材料中,Li3V2[(PO4)0.95F0.05]3/C具有较好的电化学性能.在3.0～4.2V (vs.Li/Li+)循环时,电极的0.5C放电容量为124.4 mA·h/g,50次循环后容量保持率为98.5％,15C下的放电容量为84.7mA·h/g,50次循环后容量保持率为97.4％,而Li3V2(PO4)3/C的仅为59.2 mA·h/g和89.0％.     

纳米颗粒组装三维Co3O4微米花材料制备及储锂性能研究

通过软模板法(表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵,CTAB)结合后续空气气氛热处理制备出纳米颗粒组装三维Co₃O₄微米花负极材料。研究中采用X射线衍射分析(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、循环伏安测试(CV)、恒流充放电测试以及交流阻抗测试(EIS)对合成样品进行表征分析。研究结果显示，Co₃O₄微米花材料独特的结构优势赋予其优良的电化学性能，在100 mA·g^-1电流密度下电极具备约920 mA·h·g^-1的循环可逆比容量；在500 mA·g^-1电流密度下循环200次后的循环可逆比容量为757 mA·h·g^-1，容量几乎无衰减。大电流循环性能测试显示，所制备电极即使在2 A·g^-1电流密度下依旧具有476 mA·h·g^-1的循环可逆比容量。简易、有效且低成本化的高性能微米花结构过渡金属氧化物负极材料制备工艺将大大加速转换型电极材料的实际有效应用。     

微波水热法合成Li4Ti5O12及其性能

采用微波水热法和水热法制备锂离子电池负极材料Li4Ti5O12,比较了合成方法对Li4Ti5O12电化学性能的影响,考察了其结构和形貌及电化学性能.结果表明,两种方法均合成了尖晶石结构的Li4Ti5O12,微波水热法合成的样品电化学性能较好,颗粒尺寸为200~300 nm,分布均匀,比表面积较大,在1 C的放电条件下,首次放电比容量为151.33 mA·h/g,97次循环后放电比容量为140.94 mA·h/g,保持率为93.14%,且电化学阻抗较小.     

钛酸锂/石墨烯复合材料及电化学性能

通过固相法制备出钛酸锂(LTO)样品,再将LTO和氧化石墨烯通过水热法制得钛酸锂/还原石墨烯复合材料(LTO-RGO)。通过XRD、SEM、TEM对材料的结构、形貌进行表征,并进行充放电性能测试、交流阻抗测试来检测其电化学性能。结果表明,石墨烯对钛酸锂进行包覆处理不影响钛酸锂材料的晶型结构、无杂相出现。钛酸锂/石墨烯复合材料表现出了比钛酸锂材料更为优异的电化学性能,0.2C倍率下的放电比容量为208.7mA·h/g,50次循环后容量保持率为98.10%;20C倍率下的放电比容量为136.1mA·h/g。     

Co–MOFs纳米片/碳布复合材料的制备及在锂离子电池中的应用EI北大核心CSCD

采用液相沉积法在导电碳布表面原位生长Co-MOFs纳米片,制得了Co-MOFs/CF复合材料。通过红外光谱、X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、恒流充放电、循环伏安、电化学阻抗等手段对材料的组成、结构形貌和电化学性能进行了表征。结果表明:当用作无黏结剂型锂离子电池电极时,在50 mA/g电流密度下,Co-MOFs/CF的首次放电比容量为1 621.3 mA·h/g,100次循环后,其放电比容量仍可达445.1 mA·h/g。相比于纯Co-MOFs,Co-MOFs/CF的首次Coulomb效率和循环性能均有明显改善,主要归因于Co-MOFs的二维片状结构与碳布良好导电性之间的协同作用,Co-MOFs/CF优异的电化学性能使其成为很好的锂离子电池电极候选材料。     

COMPARISON OF METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF GYPSUM1

The different analytical methods proposed for the evaluation of gypsum have been subjected to an experimental test. A combination method, consisting of a fusion with KHCO₃ and determination of CaO by KMnO₄ titration, the SO₃ by Andrews method of titration of BaCrO₄ has been found to give very reliable results with the least consumption of time.     

氢气纯度分析方法准确性的探讨

ONACCURACYOFANALYSISOFOFHYDROGEN1前言我公司目前应用的氢气纯度分析方法有两种,一种是爆炸反应法,另一种是焦性没食子酸吸收法。几年来,人们对两种分析方法的准确性曾有过褒贬不一的评论。这里我们也谈谈自己粗浅的观点。2爆炸法测定氢气纯度一定量的氢气样品与适量的空气之均匀混合物因反应后生成液体水而引起气体体积减少,减少的体积等于参加反应气体体积之和。其中l／3为氧气,2／3为氢气。根据氢气取样量和反应前后混气体体积之差,以及氢气在反应中的体积比例关系,可计算出样品的氢气纯度。计算公式式中：A一混…     

茶多酚提取方法进展

本文综述了国内外现有茶多酚提取方法的现状以及近期的研究进展，并对其优缺点进行了评价。这将有助于中低档茶的综合利用和茶多酚的进一步开发应用。     

HEASUREHENT OF INSTANTANEOUS RATES OF LOSS OF VOIATILE COMPOUNDS DURING DRYING OF DROPS

A novel technique serves to monitor instantaneous rates of loss of a volatile solute from a suspended drop during drying. A highly sensitive electron capture detector is used to monitor concentrations of SF6 released into a flowing gas stream from a suspended, drying drop. Simultaneously, the appearance and morphological development of the drop are monitored with a video camera. This provides the wherewithal of relating instantaneous rates of loss of the volatile solute to particular events during the development of particle morphology.

Initial experiments have been carried out with drops of aqueous solutions of glucose, sucrose, maltodextrin and coffee extract. The results clearly display the onset of the volatiles-retentive selective diffusion phenomenon. There is also substantial loss of the volatile component later in the drying process, when the drops undergo repeated ex ansion, bursting and cratering due to the formation of internaf bubbles. These experiments appear to be the first quantitative demonstration of major losses accompanying changes in drop morphology.     

SEDIMENTATION OF BINARY MIXTURES OF PARTICLES OF UNEQUAL DENSITIES AND OF DIFFERENT SIZES

A model is developed for the sedimentation from a suspension of two particle species of unequal densities and of different sizes. The composition and the thickness of various layers in the sediments are predicted using graphical and analytical methods. The model predictions were in excellent agreement with experimental results, when the particle size ratio was ≥ 108. When size ratio of the particles was 2.60 and 4.31 the agreement occurred in about 50 percent of the cases.     

ANALYSIS OF RECENT MEASUREMENTS OF THE VISCOSITY OF GLASSES

Viscosity of Simple Soda-Silicate 500° to 1400°C Comparison of the results given by English with those of Washburn, Shelton and Libman, indicates a discrepancy in the absolute values of log₁₀ viscosity amounting to 0.6, those of Washburn et al., being relatively too high. If correction for this is made, the isothermal curves of log₁₀ viscosity as a function of soda content are smooth up to 50% Na₂O, showing no inflection. The observations as a function of temperature T are all represented within accidental error by an equation of the type where all three constants vary regularly with the composition. Change of Viscosity of Glass (6SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to Molecular Substitution of CaO, MgO and Al₂O₃ for Na₂O The effect is clearly brought out by plotting (from the results of English) the change of log₁₀η due to the substitution as a function of temperature. The curves each show a sharp bend at a temperature between 840° and 1050°C, which is designated the aggregation temperature T_a. If we divide these curves by the corresponding percentage substituted, we get curves for each oxide which are straight and parallel below the aggregation temperatures, the slopes (increase of change of log₁₀η per 100°C) being −0.056 (CaO), −0.055 (MgO), −0.018 (A1₂O₃) per per cent oxide substituted. For substitution of 1/2 molecule the slopes are −0.325 (CaO), −0.23 (MgO) and −0.18 (Al₂O₃) per 100°. At the aggregation temperature the change of log₁₀η per per cent is a minimum, 0.03 to 0.06 for CaO, 0.12 for MgO, 0.07 for Al₂O₃. Evidence of Aggregation in Glasses, from viscosity Measurements The sharp bends in the plots of change of log₁₀η due to substitution of an oxide for Na₂O, suggest the beginning of molecular aggregation at these temperatures. These aggregation temperatures are close to the devitrification temperatures, but the effect on the viscosity curves cannot be due to actual devitrification since it does not change with time. Taking the aggregation temperatures as equal to devitrification temperatures, additional isotherms are roughly sketched into the equilibrium triangle of the system Na₂O-CaO-SiO₂. Change of Viscosity of Glass (4SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to of Substitution of B₂O₃ for SiO₂ The change of log₁₀η (from the results of English) is plotted as a function of temperature, and also the change of log₁₀η per per cent B₂O₃. The curves are more complex than for the substitution for Na₂O.     

环氧树脂羟基值测定方法的研究

利用乙酸酐、吡啶和浓硫酸混合的乙酰化试剂测定环氧树脂中羟基值含量的方法具有操作简便、滴定终点明显和分析结果误差小等优点。     

骑式摩托车油箱喷涂工艺的改进

面对日益激烈的市场竞争,摩托车油箱外观质量越来越成为影响销售的因素之一。文章介绍了改进工艺后的油箱涂装,该涂装体系提高了油箱外观的丰满度,降低了油箱涂装的生产成本。     

几种针状焦性能对比

针状焦分石油系和煤系两大类,这主要取决于针状焦的原料来源。在同一系列中由于原料不同和工艺条件不同 ,针状焦的各自性能也不相同。针状焦是生产超高功率石墨电极和高功率石墨电极的主要原料 ,针状焦的性能对石墨电极的质量有至关重要的影响。所以对针状焦性能以及其对石墨电极质量影响的研究十分必要的。以下是常用的几种进口针状焦和国产针状焦的性能对比。１原料性能分析对比原料试样包括４种针状焦 ,其中两种为进口针状焦：三菱针状焦和新日化针状焦;另两种为国产针状焦：鞍山针状焦和锦州针状焦。其中除锦州针状焦是石油系针状焦外…     

用两个形状指数表征粉煤灰颗粒形貌的研究

引用两个形状指数表征颗粒形状的概念,即先将颗粒形状近似为椭圆,再将椭圆图像分离:以圆为基准的颗粒宏观形状指数δ;以光滑椭圆为基准的颗粒轮廓凹凸度,即微观形状指数ζ。分析和发展了近似椭圆模型。并运用图像分析仪对粉煤灰、水泥样品进行实验。结果表明,粉煤灰颗粒的两个形状指数δ和ζ都大于水泥颗粒。证明粉煤灰颗粒的球形度、表面光滑度优于水泥,而且,随着粒径增大,δ和ζ呈下降趋势,表明磨制颗粒越粗。(?)粒形状越不规则。文中还运用近似椭圆模型再现了颗粒的模拟图像。