CPP/MAH接枝共聚物合成及粘接性能研究

用马来酸酐 (MAH)对氯化聚丙烯 (CPP)进行接枝共聚 ,通过 1R分析证明马来酸酐与氯化聚丙烯发生了接枝共聚反应 ,考察了不同条件下制得的CPP/MAH接枝共聚物胶粘剂对聚烯烃材料的粘接性能 ,结果表明CPP/MAH共聚物胶粘剂对聚烯烃材料具有较好的粘接性能。     

塑料涂料用马来酸酐接枝氯化聚丙烯的合成与性能

以甲苯为溶剂、过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)为引发剂、马来酸酐(MAH)为接枝单体,对氯化聚丙烯(CPP)进行接枝改性.考察了引发剂和接枝单体用量、反应温度、反应时间以及原料的含氯量对接枝率的影响,并对改性产物进行了傅立叶红外光谱表征.结果表明,氯化聚丙烯成功地接枝上马来酸酐,反应条件和原料的含氯量会影响接枝率,优化的工艺条件为:m(BPO)/m(CPP)=0.04,m(MAH)/m(CPP)=1.1,反应温度为100 ℃,反应时间为3 h.涂料性能测试结果说明,改性产物在部分酮酯类溶剂中的溶解性能优良,对多种塑料材料有良好的附着性能,而附着力的大小受到接枝率的直接影响.     

C_5-MSV柴油降凝剂的研究

采用与马来酸酐接枝的方法对C5石油树脂进行改性,接枝物与苯乙烯、醋酸乙烯酯共聚,用高碳醇进行醇解,研制出一种新型柴油降凝剂。考察了C5石油树脂与马来酸酐的质量比、苯乙烯和醋酸乙烯酯的用量、引发剂用量以及反应时间、反应温度对降凝剂效果的影响。结果表明,最佳反应条件是：C5石油树脂∶马来酸酐=10∶1.2（质量比）,过氧化苯甲酰0.1 g,苯乙烯1.30 g,醋酸乙烯酯1.60 g。此降凝剂用于抚顺石化0#柴油馏分,可降低其冷滤点5℃。     

SMA树脂的本体—悬浮法合成及表征研究

研究了本体 -悬浮聚合法合成SMA(苯乙烯 -马来酸酐无规共聚物 )树脂的工艺条件 ,考察了本体共聚阶段引发剂种类、引发剂浓度、聚合温度、马来酸酐加料方式、马来酸酐滴加时间、滴加液中马来酸酐与苯乙烯的配比等因素对共聚转化率和SMA组成的影响。加入PVA(聚乙烯醇 )水溶液和补加BPO(过氧化苯甲酰 )进行悬浮聚合 ,并进行了放大试验 ,合成出马来酸酐含量为 5 %～15 % (质量含量 ,下同 )的SMA和PS共混物 ,其中SMA约占 90 %～ 95 %。用双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒得成品SMA树脂。对合成出的SMA树脂进行了DSC、热变形温度及力学性能等的测试 ,分析了MA(马来酸酐 )含量对SMA树脂性能的影响     

马来酸酐和呋喃的Diels-Alder反应研究

本文详细考察了马来酸酐和呋喃的Diels-Alder反应.得出了最佳反应条件为：反应时间为16h、马来酸酐和呋喃最佳摩尔比5∶1、最合适的溶剂丙酮.产品的转化率达82.5％.用1HNMR进行了表征.     

活性炭负载硫酸氢钠催化合成马来酸二异辛酯

以马来酸酐和异辛醇为原料,活性炭负载硫酸氢钠为催化剂,合成了马来酸二异辛酯,考察了影响反应的因素。实验结果表明：当马来酸酐用量为0．1mol时,n（异辛醇）：n（马来酸酐）=3．5：1．0、催化剂用量为反应物总质量的2．0％、反应时间2．5h、带水剂二甲苯用量12mL是其最适宜的反应条件,在此条件下马来酸二异辛酯的酯化率可达96．6％。产品经折光率、红外光谱表征。     

工艺条件对玻纤增强ABS材料力学性能的影响

通过对30％玻纤增强ABS材料微观形态观察和分析，探寻了加工工艺条件和加入马来酸酐接枝ABS对材料力学性能的影响，结果表明，加入马来酸酐接枝ABS可明显改善基体材料与玻纤的粘结状况，使力学性能得到较大幅度的变化，加工温度的提高和适当的螺杆转速可提高玻纤在基体中的分散性，尽管玻纤分散性较好的材料其玻纤含量较低，玻纤长度较短，但仍使力学性能得到改善。     

淀粉/聚丙撑碳酸酯/马来酸酐酯化淀粉完全生物降解塑料的研究

制备了马来酸酐酯化淀粉,红外光谱分析证明淀粉进行了酯化反应,讨论了影响酯化淀粉接枝率的各种因素,确定了马来酸酐酯化淀粉的最佳反应条件。同时制备了淀粉/聚丙撑碳酸酯/马来酸酐酯化淀粉完全生物降解塑料,研究了酯化淀粉加入量对共混物的力学性能和微观形态的影响。结果表明:加入马来酸酐酯化淀粉后,改善了淀粉和聚丙撑碳酸酯的相容性,共混物的力学性能有很大提高。     

P（MA—AA）／PEG水凝胶的制备与性能研究

合成了马来酸酐-丙烯酸共聚物,并与长链分子聚乙二醇交联反应制备了马来酸酐-丙烯酸共聚物／聚乙二醇水凝胶。通过红外光谱对聚合物、水凝胶结构进行了表征,测试了不同pH值下水凝胶的溶胀度以及水凝胶在酸碱条件发生变化时的溶胀速率。研究结果表明,马来酸酐-丙烯酸共聚物／聚乙二醇水凝胶具有较强的吸水溶胀能力,并且对pH值极为敏感：交联剂含量7％的凝胶在pH=10时SR=62657％、pH=2时SR=825％,酸碱条件下具有近百倍的溶胀度变化;并且在pH发生变化时P（MA-AA）／PEG凝胶具有快速的响应速率：由pH=2溶液中转移至pH=10溶液中20min即可溶胀完全,而由pH=10溶液中转移至pH=2溶液中10min即可完全收缩。     

聚乙烯-尼龙共混材料的相容性及性能研究

考察了不同种类和含量的相容剂对聚乙烯(PE)/尼龙(PA)两相共混物的熔融结晶行为、两相形貌和力学性能的影响。结果表明：PE接枝马来酸酐(PE-g-MAH)和POE接枝马来酸酐(POE-g-MAH)都使得PE和PA的结晶峰相互靠近,并且随着含量增加,两者的熔融峰呈现融合的趋势。两种接枝物都能使得共混物中PA6团聚颗粒的尺寸减小,孔洞减少,相界面模糊。PE接枝马来酸酐和POE接枝马来酸酐都能提高共混材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度。     

Reinforcement of maleated natural rubber by precipitated silica

Graft copolymers of maleic anhydride and natural rubber or so‐called maleated natural rubbers (MNRs) were prepared in a molten state with varying maleic anhydride contents from 4 to 10 phr. In this work, the filler–filler and filler–rubber interactions of the MNR and precipitated silica were investigated. The MNR compounds containing 40 phr of silica both with and without 9 wt % of silane coupling agent were prepared. By increasing the maleic anhydride contents, the Mooney viscosity and cure times were increased, but the torque differences and cure rate indices were decreased. Bound rubber was increased with increasing maleic anhydride content, indicating an increase of filler–rubber interaction. In case of the compounds without silane, the MNR with 6 phr of maleic anhydride showed the lowest filler–filler interaction as indicated by a decrease of storage modulus upon an increase of strain in the filled compound i.e., Payne effect. This MNR compound also yielded the optimum mechanical properties. It has been demonstrated that a use of MNR with appropriate maleic anhydride content can reduce filler–filler interaction dramatically and hence improve a silica dispersion, as confirmed by SEM micrographs, resulting in an enhancement of the mechanical and dynamical properties. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

回收PET瓶片/接枝PE反应共混物的形态及性能

利用有反应活性的各种接枝聚乙烯(PE)作为回收聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)瓶片的改性剂,使接枝PE上的活性酐基与PET的端羟基在不同的挤出设备中熔融反应,制备相分散均匀、力学性能较好的PET基工程塑料.结果表明,挤出设备的选择对混合效果影响较大,缩聚型反应挤出机和双螺杆挤出机比普通单螺杆挤出机具有更优良的混合效果;各种接枝PE的改性效果优劣次序是:马来酸酐接枝线型低密度聚乙烯,马来酸酐接枝低密度聚乙烯,马来酸酐接枝高密度聚乙烯;接枝PE添加质量分数为20%时,可大幅度提高反应共混物的冲击性能.     

马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯纤维的结构和性能研究

采用熔融纺丝法制备了马来酸酐(MAH)接枝聚丙烯纤维,考察了接枝纤维的力学性能和吸湿率以及马来酸酐的残留量。结果表明,马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯纤维的断裂强度比纯聚丙烯纤维的低,接枝率越高强度越低,断裂伸长率则相反;随着接枝率的增加,纤维的取向度也逐渐升高。与聚丙烯纤维相比,接枝聚丙烯纤维的吸湿率有了明显提高,在相同拉伸倍数下提高了3-5倍;MAH残留量相当于接枝率(0.73％)的3.7％,表明主要是接枝的马来酸酐改变了聚丙烯纤维的性质。     

Effect of bark flour content on the hygroscopic characteristics of wood–polypropylene composites

The effects of the bark content on the water absorption and thickness swelling of wood–plastic composites prepared from polypropylene, wood flour, and bark flour were studied. Samples were made with a laboratory twin‐screw extruder. The results showed that among composites free of maleic anhydride polypropylene, those composites containing a higher bark flour content exhibited lower water absorption and lower thickness swelling. Maleic anhydride polypropylene reduced water absorption and thickness swelling in composites containing wood flour and a lower content of bark flour but had no influence on the hygroscopic properties of composites made with higher bark contents. Adding maleic anhydride polypropylene had no effect on the water diffusion coefficients and swelling rate parameters of composites made with a higher bark flour content. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

用气相色谱法检测顺酐生产中间物料组分

顺酐在常温下是固体,要制备成溶液才能进行气相色谱分析,所以溶剂的选择极为重要。为此,选用了稳定性好、沸点较高的乙腈作为溶剂,利用超声溶解,对生产中粗酐样品进行采样分析,并建立了气相色谱法测定顺酐中杂质含量的分析方法,可有效指导顺酐生产过程中的杂质组分分离,适用于顺酐生产的现场工艺控制。     

马来酸酐接枝改性PP/PS皮芯复合纤维的研究

用自制的马来酸酐接枝聚苯乙烯为相容剂,与改性聚丙烯(PP)混合造粒作为芯层料,以聚苯乙烯和相容剂为皮层料,将芯层料与皮层料以体积比1:1的比例熔融复合纺丝,制得皮芯复合纤维,对改性PP的结构和皮芯复合纤维性能进行了研究。结果表明:马来酸酐已接枝到聚丙烯上,皮芯复合纤维相对于纯PP纤维,其熔点下降,结晶温度上升;电镜分析表明皮芯复合纤维的皮芯之间没有明显的裂缝,其相容性得到改善;与没有改性的PP与聚苯乙烯复合纤维比较,皮芯复合纤维的力学性能得到明显的提高。     

Polyethylenes/PET blend compatibilization with maleic anhydride modified polyethylenes obtained by a UV preirradiation process

The compatibilization of HDPE/LDPE/LLDPE/PET blend during reactive extrusion, using compatibilizing agents, such as modified high, low, and lineal low density polyethylenes with maleic anhydride, was carried out. The agents were prepared in our laboratory by using a UV preirradiation process, containing different grafting and crosslinking degrees. The materials were compared with same maleic anhydride modified polyethylenes prepared by the traditional peroxide method in our laboratory and with a commercial maleic anhydride modified lineal low density polyethylene. The mechanical and thermal properties, as well as their morphology, were evaluated in the compatibilized blends and changes in crystallization phases recorded. The elongation at break and impact strengths increased with compatibilization level and morphology was markedly more homogenous. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 560–567, 2007     

Compatibilization of commingled plastics with maleic anhydride modified polyethylenes and ultraviolet preirradiation

The improvement of the properties of commingled plastics was carried out with a prototype blend of Mexican municipal plastic waste with and without poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). Compatibilizing agents such as high‐density, low‐density, and linear low‐density polyethylenes modified with maleic anhydride were used. The agents were prepared in the laboratory with peroxide, and their usefulness was compared with that of a commercially modified linear low‐density polyethylene. The blends with PVC were preirradiated with ultraviolet radiation for 12, 24, or 48 h to create oxidized groups to help in situ compatibilization during the blending step of the reactive extrusion process. Compatibilized materials showed a markedly more homogeneous morphology with improved mechanical properties: the elongation at break and impact strength increased with the compatibilization level. The presence of PVC in commingled plastics significantly reduced the beneficial effect of the maleic anhydride modified polyethylene as a compatibilizer. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

POE对PET挤出吹膜性能的影响

以聚烯烃弹性体(POE)为增韧剂,马来酸酐接枝POE(POE-g-MAH)为相容剂,与扩链改性后的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)共混后,加入单螺杆吹膜机中进行吹膜成型。研究了POE添加量对PET吹塑薄膜性能的影响。结果表明,随着POE添加量的增加,PET薄膜的断裂伸长率显著提高。当POE添加量为10%时,PET吹塑薄膜断裂伸长率提高至154.6%,得到柔韧性好、断裂伸长率高的PET吹塑薄膜。     

马来酸酐改性蛭石的制备及表征

以有机小分子马来酸酐作为改性剂,利用球磨法在不同溶剂中对蛭石进行有机改性.对有机改性的蛭石进行了X射线粉晶衍射、Fourier变换红外光谱仪和热重分析表征.结果表明:在水溶液条件下,球磨能够使蛭石片层被马来酸酐分子剥离,蛭石的(001)面特征衍射峰消失.在有机溶剂中球磨,蛭石不能够被马来酸酐剥离.讨论了马来酸酐改性蛭石的机理.研究了球磨时间对马来酸酐改性蛭石的影响.