内置远红外电热管循环式烘干机工作参数的试验确定

设计了一种可用于物料烘干的内置远红外电热管循环式烘干机，并以小麦烘干为例，对影响烘干速度的各主要参数进行了试验确定，获得了干燥速度与物料层厚度、物料层平均穿透风速和物料层平均移动速度之间的相关关系，并建立了相应的的回归方程，进而利用优化技术得出了所设计烘干机的最佳参数组合为：物料层厚度92．6姗，物料层平均穿透风速0．27m／s，物料层平均移动速度1．99cm／min。     

内置电加热管烘干机小麦加热特性

采用内置远红外线电加热管烘干机加热小麦 ,对物料层升温速度和温度分布均匀性与穿透风速的关系进行了单因素试验和四因素二水平的正交试验研究 ,结果表明 ,物料内层的升温速度及内外层温差均随穿透风速的增加而降低 ,内外层温差随加热时间先增大后减小 ;并给出四因素之间的较优参数组合     

油菜籽干燥工艺的研究

薄层干燥是研究在一定温度、压力和湿度条件下,谷物水分随时间的变化规律,并得出其干燥方程.本文用薄层干燥实验台进行了油菜籽的薄层干燥试验,确定了各参数(介质温度、湿度,谷物的初始温度、水分)对干燥速度的影响程度,建立了油菜籽薄层干燥的数学模型,并依据油菜籽的干燥特性,确定油菜籽干燥的合理工艺及工作参数,并结合玉米、水稻的干燥工艺及作业参数,研究一种适合油菜籽、玉米、水稻等物料的干燥设备,实现一机多用,提高设备利用率.工作时,通过对干燥设备的调整实现预热-干燥-缓苏-冷却和预热-干燥-冷却的工艺以及实现适合三种作物不同的干燥作业参数.     

茭白薄层热风干燥特性与动力学研究

为了解茭白干燥特性,进行了茭白薄层热风干燥实验,研究了风温、风速、茭白切片厚度及量对干燥的影响,进行了干燥曲线方程的拟合,将对流传热系数α与传质系数kH等动力学参数与风速进行了关联。结果表明:风温、风速与厚度均对干燥影响较大,但以70℃、0.733 m/s、2 mm为宜;干燥方程符合Page模型;随风速增大,α与kH均增大,关系式为α=91.46u0.774 9,kH=79.24u0.766 1,α与kH与风温没有关系。     

污泥厚度和风速对污泥常温干燥的影响及干燥模型分析

为了研究污泥在常温下的干燥特性,采用自制的污泥干燥装置对城市脱水污泥进行常温干燥实验。研究了不同厚度(10、20、30 mm)和不同风速(0、1、3 m·s~(-1))条件下污泥含水率随时间变化的规律,并用常见的干燥模型对污泥常温干燥过程进行拟合。结果表明:常温条件下,10 mm厚度污泥的干燥速率均高于20 mm和30 mm厚度污泥的干燥速率,并且在风速较低时,降低污泥厚度对缩短干燥时间的效果更加显著;污泥厚度不同,风速对污泥干燥的影响作用不同,对于10 mm厚度的污泥,增加风速可显著缩短干燥时间,而对于20 mm和30 mm厚度的污泥,风速需增加到一定数值(如3 m·s~(-1))时,才能显著缩短干燥时间;Logarithmic模型更适合描述污泥在常温条件下的干燥,干燥过程中的有效扩散系数为1.73×10~(-9)~1.38×10~(-8)m~2·s~(-1)。     

南瓜片干燥过程中质量预估及保护的研究

建立了预测南瓜片在脱水过程中β-胡萝卜素损失的数学模型，研究了南瓜切片在振动流化床中的缓苏一间断干燥，对产品的外观形状和复水性进行了分析和讨论。在本实验条件下，和普通连续干燥相比，缓苏一间断干燥可使物料的干燥时间缩短40min，β-胡萝卜素的保留率提高25．7％。     

胶体多孔介质的缓苏-间断干燥工艺研究

以胶体多孔介质胡萝卜切片为物料,以干燥后产品的含水量和β-胡萝卜素保留率为质量指标,研究了物料在静态干燥、动态干燥以及缓苏-间断工艺干燥处理时的产品质量变化规律.结果表明:动态干燥过程中,物料与加热介质的接触面积大,干燥速率较高;缓苏-间断工艺使物料中的剩余水分得以重新分布,消除了物料的表面硬化,可以更快地去除物料中的水分,且β-胡萝卜素的保留率最高.此研究结果可以有效地指导工业生产     

香菇冻干工艺参数的优化

以新鲜香菇为实验材料,测定其共晶点和共熔点。以JDG-0．2新型冻干机为基础,对香菇真空冷冻干燥工艺进行研究。通过理论分析与试验研究确定物料厚度、预冻速率、干燥仓压力和加热板温度为影响香菇真空冷冻干燥试验的主要因素。通过单因素实验以及4因素5水平的二次回归正交试验确定各因素的取值范围,分析了各因素对干燥时间的影响大小为：预冻速度〉干燥仓压力〉物料厚度〉加热板温度。最后对工艺参数优化处理,得到了最佳工艺条件：干燥仓压力61．8Pa,加热板温度61．7℃,预冻速度2．58℃／min,物料厚度6．78mm。冻干时间7．27h。     

黄瓜籽和萝卜籽干燥特性的实验研究

以黄瓜籽和萝卜籽为物料,以干燥后产品的发芽率和湿基含水量为质量指标,研究了蔬菜种子在烘箱及振动流化床中的干燥特性．结果表明：这两种蔬菜种子的耐热温度为40℃,在烘箱中干燥时很难达到所要求的产品湿基含水量．在振动流化床中,一次干燥后产品的发芽率在90％以上,但是产品湿基含水量达不到要求;而采用缓苏一间断的干燥工艺,一次干燥后让物料在环境中缓苏,种子细胞内的结合水分在缓苏过程中缓慢迁移到细胞间隙中,然后再进行二次干燥,种子的湿基含水量及发芽率均能达到要求．     

绿麦挂面配方及干燥工艺参数优化

研究了氯化钠、碳酸氢钠、羧甲基纤维素钠的添加比例(质量分数)对绿麦挂面耐煮性和色泽的影响。通过响应面分析得到绿麦挂面颜色最好的添加剂配方:氯化钠添加比例为1.50%,碳酸氢钠添加比例为0.53%,羧甲基纤维素钠添加比例为0.10%。通过正交试验得到感官评分和挂面断条率都较好的较优干燥参数组合:干燥温度40℃,风速2 m/s,干燥时间240 min。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.