二元共组装法制备无裂痕反蛋白石结构薄膜的研究

近年来,由于在光学、电学和生化等领域具有广泛的潜在应用,有序多孔反蛋白石结构薄膜的研究引起了人们的广泛关注.但是其在制备过程中常常会形成一些无法控制的缺陷,限制了这类材料的普及和实际应用.通过使用两种基质前驱体（正硅酸乙酯或丝素蛋白）与胶体小球混合共组装,探究了二元体系共组装法制备无裂痕反蛋白石结构薄膜的可行性.并用扫描电镜和可见光谱对薄膜结构进行了表征.结果表明,对于正硅酸乙酯体系,在不影响胶体小球有序排列的条件下,正硅酸乙酯在小球间的空隙中发生溶胶凝胶转变,与微球共同组装成有序致密的整体,去除微球模板后,可以得到大规模（>200 μm）无缺陷有序的反蛋白石结构薄膜.而对于大分子丝素蛋白体系,由于它和胶体小球有较强的相互作用力,会抑制胶体小球的有序组装,导致无法形成有序结构薄膜.对两种二元共组装体系进行了实验探索,实验结果不仅有助于人们了解共组装方式的适用范围,而且为设计和制备无缺陷反蛋白石薄膜提供了新的途径.     

Palladium nanoparticles/wool keratin-assisted carbon composite-modified flexible and disposable electrochemical solid-state pH sensor

Several p H-dependent processes and reactions take place in the human body;hence,the p H of body fluids is the best indicator of disturbed health conditions.However,accurate and real-time diagnosis of the p H of body fluids is complicated because of limited commercially available p H sensors.Hence,we aimed to prepare a flexible,transparent,disposable,userfriendly,and economic strip-based solid-state p H sensor using palladium nanoparticles(Pd NPs)/N-doped carbon(NC)composite material.The Pd NPs/NC composite material was synthesized using wool keratin(WK)as a precursor.The insitu prepared Pd NPs played a key role in the controlled switching of protein structure to the N-doped carbon skeleton withπ–πarrangement at the mesoscale level,which mimics the A–B type polymeric structure,and hence,is highly susceptible to H+ions.The optimized carbonization condition in the presence of Pd NPs showed that the material obtained using a modified Ag/Ag Cl reference electrode had the highest p H sensitivity with excellent stability and durability.The optimized p H sensor showed high specificity and selectivity with a sensitivity of 55 m V/p H unit and a relative standard deviation of 0.79%.This study is the first to synthesize Pd NPs using WK as a stabilizing and reducing agent.The applicability of the sensor was investigated for biological samples,namely,saliva and gastric juices.The proposed protocol and material have implications in solid-state chemistry,where biological material will be the best choice for the synthesis of materials with anticipated performance.     

软光刻法制备具有表面微结构的角蛋白膜

近年来,使用微纳米制造工艺将蛋白质或多肽进行高精度空间图案化,推动了细胞生物学、组织工程学、药物科学等领域的发展.同时,羊毛角蛋白作为一种储量大的天然生物蛋白质,具有优异的水溶性、良好的生物相容性和可控的降解性,但羊毛角蛋白通常不能自组装形成凝胶网络或其他不溶形式,因此,使用羊毛角蛋白制备如纤维、薄膜、凝胶等的成型结构存在很大困难.本工作通过使用化学修饰的方法,在角蛋白上接枝功能基团,使角蛋白获得光敏感性,探究了共价交联法制备具有表面微结构角蛋白膜的可行性.并用3D激光扫描显微镜、紫外可见近红外光谱仪和傅里叶变换显微红外光谱仪对薄膜结构进行了表征.结果表明,使用软光刻法可以得到表面微结构完整度很高的角蛋白膜.本工作对羊毛角蛋白共价交联法进行了实验探索,实验结果不仅为人们提供了一种软光刻技术制备具有表面微结构的角蛋白膜的方法,而且为羊毛角蛋白制备成型结构提供了新的途径.