大脉冲电流下钨铜电极水和空气中的烧蚀特性

针对水中、空气中脉冲放电条件下金属电极烧蚀速率及烧蚀机理差异,对脉冲大电流作用下水中、空气中钨铜电极的烧蚀特性进行了对比研究。在保证放电电流波形一致性的前提下,通过采用高精度天平测量并获取了水中、空气中钨铜电极的阴、阳极烧蚀速率及总烧蚀速率,并对电极表面进行了二次电子观察和背散射电子观察分析。结果表明,大脉冲电流作用下,水中钨铜电极烧蚀较空气中更为严重,钨铜电极的烧蚀主要是金属蒸发引起的汽相侵蚀。由于水介质较空气具有不可压缩性,水中放电电弧集中,电极表面电弧斑点处电流密度和电流作用时间较空气中更为严重,同时由于水中脉冲放电时发生的高温物理化学反应,是造成水中电极烧蚀要高于空气中的根本原因。     

Effect of the defect on the focusing in a two-dimensional photonic-crystal-based flat lens

We have investigated in detail the influence of defect on the focusing of electromagnetic waves in a two-dimensional photonic-crystal flat lens by using the finite-difference time-domain method. The result shows that many focusings can be observed at the symmetrical positions when a defect is introduced into the lens. Furthermore, the wave-guides in the lens can confine the transmission wave effectively and improve the quality of the focusing.     

Negative Refraction and Near-Field Imaging of an Elliptical-Rod Photonic Crystal Slab in the Second Band

Negative refraction and imaging properties of the electromagnetic wave through a two-dimensional photonic crystal （PC） slab, which consists of a square lattice of elliptical dielectric rods immersed in the air background, is studied by the plane-wave expansion method and the finite-difference time-domain method. A point source placed in the vicinity of the PC slab can form a good-quality image spot through the PC slab for the incident frequencies within the second photonic band. The calculated result also shows that negative refraction occurs in this kind of PC slab.     

Complete Band-Gap in Two-Dimensional Quasiperiod Photonic Crystals with Hollow Cylinders

The transmission properties of quasiperiodic photonic crystals (QPCs) based on the random square-triangle tiling system are investigated by the multiple scattering method. The hollow cylinders are introduced in our calculation. It is found that QPCs with hollow cylinders also possess a complete band gap common to s- and p-polarized waves when the inner radius of hollow cylinders is larger than a certain value. The QPCs possessing the complete band gap can be applied to the fields of light emitting, wave-guides, optical filters, high-Q resonators and antennas.     

新型β-二酚卟啉光敏剂合成及其与DNA作用

以β-硝基卟啉为原料,分别与2,3-萘二酚或邻苯二酚直接反应,制备了6个新型β-二酚取代卟啉光敏药物,通过UV,~1H NMR,IR,MS,元素分析等手段对化合物进行了结构表征并初步探讨了反应机理.DNA凝胶电泳实验表明,该类光敏剂对pBR322质粒DNA具有很好的光敏切割作用,作为光敏剂或其前体具有很好的应用前景.     

Systematic study on visible light collimation nanostructured slits in the metal surface

We present a systematic experimental investigation on visible light collimation by a nanostructured slit flanked with a pair of periodic array of grooves in gold thin film. A wide variety of aspects are considered, such as the polarization state, the transport path of incident light, the groove-groove spacing, the groove width and depth. Our results clearly show that the relationship between the collimation wavelength and the periodicity of the slit-groove structure accords well with the surface plasmon dispersion model proposed by previous researchers. Furthermore, the surface plasmon wave phase retardation effect induced by the surface structure is also verified via the measurement for samples with different groove widths and depths. These results indicate that the detailed geometry of the groove structure has obvious impacts on the collimation effect and the angular distribution of the diffraction light in the subwavelength plasmonic system.     

Simultaneous low extinction and high local field enhancement in Ag nanocubes

We theoretically investigate surface plasmon resonance properties in Au and Ag cubic nanoparticles and find a novel plasmonic mode that exhibits simultaneous low extinction and high local field enhancement properties. We analyse this mode from different aspects by looking at the distribution patterns of local field intensity, energy flux, absorption and charge density. We find that in the mode the polarized charge is highly densified in a very limited volume around the corner of the nanocube and results in very strong local field enhancement. Perturbations of the incident energy flux and light absorption are also strongly localized in this small volume of the corner region, leading to both low absorption and low scattering cross section. As a result, the extinction is low for the mode. Metal nanoparticles involving such peculiar modes may be useful for constructing nonlinear compound materials with low linear absorption and high nonlinearity.     

二维平板光子晶体直波导的制备和光传输特性的测量

利用聚焦离子束刻蚀的方法在SOI(silicon on insulator)基片上制备了W3型二维光子晶体直波导.观察并测量了近红外激光通过光子晶体波导的散射图形和透过谱.实验结果说明，激光在有引入引出脊形波导的光子晶体直波导中具有很好的传输特性. 关键词： 光子晶体波导 光子带隙 脊型波导     

混合驱动中直驱激光焦斑尺寸对点火性能的影响

研究针对混驱点火模型,保持直驱激光能量不变,针对1 200,1 400和1 500μm直驱光焦斑尺寸,采用数值模拟,研究其对点火性能的影响。研究表明：直驱光焦斑尺寸是影响混驱点火性能的敏感因素。1 500μm焦斑尺寸可实现近一维点火。1 400μm焦斑尺寸放能接近一维放能的40%。1 200μm焦斑尺寸点火失败,仅仅处于燃烧等离子体状态。分析表明,1 200μm焦斑尺寸条件下点火失败的原因是：其产生的局部强光强和高驱动不对称性,会导致燃料熵增加及燃料面密度扰动增加。燃料熵的增加将会降低燃料压缩性,不利于创造高温高压点火条件,形成的燃烧波较弱。燃料面密度扰动增加会导致燃烧后壳层不稳定性剧烈增长。推断在小焦斑尺寸条件下,弱燃烧波及高燃料面密度扰动增长,会导致高密度尖钉难以被有效点燃,无法形成升温与燃烧的正反馈。同时,燃料区域内界面不稳定性发展产生的尖钉结构将降低热斑温度,产生的气泡结构将引起热斑体积迅速变大,导致热斑快速降温乃至点火失败。     

光子晶体集成光电子器件

文章简要介绍了利用光子晶体实现微纳尺度上光调控的物理原理和工作机制,重点讨论了如何利用光子晶体的缺陷态实现微纳尺度的各种集成光电子器件,并结合文章作者所在研究组的研究工作经验,简单回顾了各种类型的集成光电子器件的工作原理、物理实现和光学特性.