基于纯转动拉曼谱线激光雷达的大气温度反演分析

由于气溶胶的影响,传统的瑞利散射法测量低空大气温度有一定的局限,为此开展了纯转动拉曼法测量低空大气温度。利用纯转动拉曼激光雷达在北京进行了2个月的大气温度观测,由观测数据反演了温度廓线。在基于N₂和O₂的纯转动拉曼谱线特征进行大气温度反演过程中,分析了平滑窗口、定标范围和定标常数对温度反演精度的影响。结果显示随着平滑窗口的增大,雷达和无线电探空仪测量的温度之间的平均绝对偏差先减小后增加,为有效去除信号中随机误差的影响,同时保留温度廓线的垂直结构,平滑窗口应选择600~1 200 m比较好。定标范围不同,雷达和无线电探空仪测量的温度之间的平均绝对偏差就不同,相对变化约为0.07 K。当定标常数a,b都增大或都减小时,雷达和无线电探空仪测量的温度之间的平均偏差增大,当一个增大另一个减小时,平均偏差相互抵消;a,b的变化不是等几率的,在符号上总是相反的;平均偏差对a的变化不敏感,对b的变化也不敏感,对a与b的整体变化敏感,约91.7%平均偏差落入-3~3 K之间。该研究分析结果对纯转动拉曼激光雷达数据反演中涉及的平滑窗口、定标范围的选择提供了理论依据,对激光雷达定标常数造成实际温度反演结果的误差提供了参考。     

Structure and luminescence of a-plane GaN on r-plane sapphire substrate modified by Si implantation

We show the structural and optical properties of non-polar a-plane GaN epitaxial films modified by Si ion implantation. Upon gradually raising Si fluences from 5×10¹³ cm^-2 to 5×10¹⁵ cm^-2, the n-type dopant concentration gradually increases from 4.6×10¹⁸ cm^-2 to 4.5×10²⁰ cm^-2, while the generated vacancy density accordingly raises from 3.7×10¹³ cm^-2 to 3.8×10¹⁵ cm^-2. Moreover, despite that the implantation enhances structural disorder, the epitaxial structure of the implanted region is still well preserved which is confirmed by Rutherford backscattering channeling spectrometry measurements. The monotonical uniaxial lattice expansion along the a direction (out-of-plane direction) is observed as a function of fluences till 1×10¹⁵ cm^-2, which ceases at the overdose of 5×10¹⁵ cm^-2 due to the partial amorphization in the surface region. Upon raising irradiation dose, a yellow emission in the as-grown sample is gradually quenched, probably due to the irradiation-induced generation of non-radiative recombination centers.