模板法组装纳米有序阵列的研究进展

由金属、半导体、碳纳米管、聚苯胺等组成的纳米有序阵列体系,在能量存储或转换、传感等方面具有广阔的应用前景。模板法组装纳米有序阵列体系是以具有特定微孔结构的材料为模板,通过电化学沉积、溶胶-凝胶沉积和化学气相沉积等手段,让纳米单元在模板提供的受控环境中原位生成,形成纳米有序阵列体系。模板法具有可控性好、工艺简便、能耗低等优点。本文综述了模板法组装纳米有序阵列体系的研究进展,并对纳米有序阵列体系的应用前景作了展望。     

Effects of ultra-strong magnetic field on electron capture rates of 55C0 and 56Ni in the magnetar surrounding

The electron capture rates of 55Co and 56Ni in the ultra-strong magnetic field at four typical temperature- density points have been calculated using the nuclear shell model and Landan energy levels quantized approximate correction. The results show that the electron capture rates of 55Co and 56Ni are increased greatly in the ultra-strong magnetic field, and even exceed two orders of magnitude in the range from 4.414×10^13G to 2.207×10^27 G. The change rate of electron abundance, ye, of 55Co and 56Ni under the condition of B=4.414×10^15G in the magnetar surrounding has been calculated and discussed, the proportions of ye of 55Co and 56Ni in the total Ye have been reduced by 50 percent in all more than the condition without a magnetic field.     

离子液体作用下微波辐照生物质快速热解制备生物质油(英文)

以离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯([Bmim]Cl)和1-丁基-3甲基咪唑四氟化硼([Bmim]BF4)为催化剂,在微波加热作用下,研究了稻草和锯屑的热解。微波加热20 min,稻草和锯屑的生物油产率分别为38%和34%。考察了微波加热时间、微波功率和离子液体用量对生物质油产率的影响。当以相同的离子液体为催化剂时,稻草微波热解得到的生物质油产率大于锯屑的。生物油成分主要有糠醛、醋酸和1-羟基-2-丁酮等,其含量主要取决于生物质原料和加入的离子液体的类型。     

PLA制备Tb-Si纳米颗粒及室温光致发光性能研究

采用脉冲激光烧蚀技术(PLA)在n型Si(100)单晶衬底上制备Tb-Si纳米颗粒。原子力显微镜(AFM)观察样品的表面形貌,发现样品表面是均匀分布的纳米颗粒,颗粒尺寸在10~20 nm之间,分布密度大约为6×1010/cm2。光电子能谱(XPS)及高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)分析表明,纳米尺度的单晶硅化物颗粒的主要成分为Tb-Si及少量Tb-Si-O结构。室温下以荧光为激发光对样品的光致发光(photoluminescence)性能进行测试,结果表明样品在可见光区具有较强的发光现象,主要有4个发光峰,分别位于485,545,585和620 nm附近,这些发光峰主要由Tb3+中电子在不同能级之间的跃迁造成。     

大功率固态脉冲形成线研究进展

 固态化是脉冲功率技术发展的新趋势。综述了中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所在大功率固态脉冲形成线方面的研究进展,给出了基于铁电陶瓷及玻璃-陶瓷复合材料的固态脉冲形成线绝缘强度、脉冲放电特性等方面的最新结果。对基于铁电陶瓷及玻璃-陶瓷复合材料的固态脉冲形成线的脉冲特性进行了分析和探索。     

Tunable interface anisotropy in a Pt/Co_(1-x)Fe_x/Pt multilayer

Interfacial magnetic anisotropy in a Pt/Co1-xFex /Pt multilayer is tuned by doping iron atoms into the cobalt layer.The perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and out-of-plane coercivity are found to decrease with increasing x.For a specific x,the out-of-plane coercivity acquires a maximal value as a function of the thickness of the CoFe layer.At low temperature,the coercivity is enhanced.Small coercivity but reasonably large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy can be obtained by controlling the x and CoFe layer thickness.     

Electron capture rates for iron group nuclei at the surface of magnetar

Effects of an ultra-strong magnetic field on electron capture rates for 55Co are analyzed in the nuclear shell model and under the Landau energy levels quantized approximation in the ultra-strong magnetic field, and the electron capture rates on 10 abundant iron group nuclei at the surface of a magnetar are given. The results show that electron capture rates on 55Co are increased greatly in the ultra-strong magnetic field, by about 3 orders of magnitude generally. These conclusions play an important role in future study of the evolution of magnetars.     

AZ91镁合金及其Al2O3纤维-石墨颗粒混杂增强复合材料的滑动摩擦磨损性能研究

利用挤压铸造法制备了单-A12O3短纤维增强及A12O3短纤维一石墨(Gr)颗粒混杂增强AZ91镁合金复合材料，考察了镁合金及其复合材料的滑动摩擦磨损性能．结果表明，复合材料的耐磨性能优于基体合金，其中单一A12O3短纤维增强复合材料的耐磨性能更优，而混杂Gr颗粒的复合材料在磨损表面不能形成自润滑薄膜，故不能改善镁基复合材料在滑动干摩擦条件下的摩擦磨损性能．基体合金和单一A12O3短纤维增强复合材料的主要磨损机制为犁削磨损，而A12O3-Gr颗粒混杂增强复合材料的主要磨损机制为犁削和剥层破坏．