儿童急性鼻窦炎眶并发症五例临床分析

目的 探讨手术治疗儿童急性鼻窦炎合并严重眶并发症的疗效.方法 回顾性分析2010年11月至2011年7月连续收治的5例保守治疗无效后行鼻内镜手术治疗的儿童急性鼻窦炎眶并发症患儿的临床资料.结果 5例患儿中合并眶蜂窝织炎1例,眶骨膜下脓肿3例,眶内脓肿1例,患儿术后体温均恢复正常,眼部症状消失.复查CT或MRI见眶部及鼻部病变基本消失.结论 对于保守治疗无效的儿童急性鼻窦炎眶并发症病例应尽早行内镜鼻窦手术清除病灶,手术安全且疗效确切.     

催产素的心血管保护作用及其机制研究进展

心血管疾病(CVD)的发病率及病死率仍在全球范围内居高不下,主要诱因包括脂质水平升高、氧化应激、炎症等。催产素是下丘脑合成的神经肽激素,可通过受体发挥作用,其受体是一类G蛋白偶联受体,存在于包括心脏和动脉在内的心血管系统细胞中,可调节与动脉粥样硬化性CVD(ACD)直接相关的因素,如炎症反应、体重增加和胰岛素抵抗,还能降低脂肪和细胞因子含量,提高葡萄糖耐受性,降低血压,缓解焦虑。虽然催产素目前还没有被用于心脏病的治疗中,但已经在动物动脉粥样硬化模型和一些人类研究中显示出积极作用,具有重要的临床应用前景。本文就催产素在人类CVD防治和保护中的作用进行综述。     

基于异方差混合转移分布模型和支持向量机的脑电分类研究

为解决线性分析和单一非线性动力学指标方法无法准确描述脑电信号的问题,本研究提出基于异方差混合转移分布模型脑电特征提取方法。首先对采集到的脑电信号依据条件期望最大化(ECM)算法建立异方差混合转移分布模型,求得模型条件方差序列的均值及方差作为脑电信号的特征,将得到的脑电信号特征采用支持向量机进行分类。通过对6个人的正常脑电信号和带有眼电伪迹脑电信号进行分类仿真实验,其结果表明该方法能很好地拟合出脑电信号,且分类精确度能达到99.166 7%,说明此方法可有效提取脑电特征并准确识别出眼电伪迹。     

MMP-1基因1G/2G多态性在支气管结核狭窄中的作用

目的研究探讨基质金属蛋白酶-1(MMP-1)基因1G/2G多态性在支气管结核人群中的分布及其与支气管结核狭窄的关系。方法采用DNA测序方法,对114例支气管结核患者和110例单纯肺结核患者进行MMP-1基因1G/2G多态性的基因型分析,比较基因型分布和支气管结核组织浸润和治疗后狭窄指标的关系。结果 MMP-1基因1G/2G多态的1G/1G、1G/2G和2G/2G基因型在支气管结核患者中的分布频率分别为44.7%、38.6%、16.7%;1G/2G多态性基因型分布与支气管结核治疗后支气管狭窄显著相关(P=0.003);与2G/2G纯合子基因型相比,携带1G等位基因的支气管结核患者治疗后发生支气管狭窄情况更严重(P<0.05);1G/2G基因型分布与支气管结核患者的年龄、性别、支气管结核分型无明显相关。结论 MMP-1基因1G/2G多态性与治疗后支气管结核的狭窄性有关,携带1G等位基因可能是支气管结核治疗后支气管狭窄的危险因素。     

基于RIP恒定比例校准方法测量人体通气量的可行性研究

目的:探讨人体在不同呼吸状态下,呼吸感应体积描记法(RIP)技术的恒定比例校准法用于测量人体通气量值的可行性以及恒定比例系数的确定。方法:在平静和规范用力两种呼吸方式下使用恒定比例校准法校准RIP系统,选择50个恒定比例系数,测量两种状态下的每次呼吸通气量,对比分析RIP系统与呼吸速度描记仪所测量的通气量值。结果:对于本试验的20名受试者,RIP系统测量平静呼吸方式下每次呼吸通气量值,KRC=1.3时,其通气量值相关性最高;用于测量用力呼吸方式下每次呼吸通气量值,KRC=0.9时,其通气量值相关性最高。测量两种呼吸方式的通气量,K值在一定范围内变化时相对误差和相关性差异不大。结论:平静呼吸模式下测量每次呼吸通气量值,恒定比例校准法可应用于精度要求不高的部分临床应用情况;规范用力呼吸模式下测量每次呼吸通气量值,恒定比例校准法可应用于偏重测量用力呼吸通气量值的临床应用。     

功能性发声障碍患者嗓音及心理状态评估分析

目的 通过对功能性发声障碍患者进行嗓音和心理状态评估,探讨其在功能性发声障碍诊疗中的临床意义。 方法 选取72例功能性发声障碍患者(实验组)和无嗓音障碍的正常人(对照组)40例。其中功能性发声障碍组中功能增强型发声障碍 50 例,功能减弱型发声障碍22例。所有患者均进行计算机嗓音评估、GRBAS评估、嗓音障碍指数量表(VHI)、动态喉镜检查、焦虑自评量表(SAS)及抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估,对比两组之间各项指标评估结果。 结果 实验组GRBAS评分为(1.92±1.03)分,VHI自评分为(58.43±23.17)分,频闪喉镜检查实验组声带闭合、黏膜波、对称性及周期性评分与对照组差异均有统计学意义;计算机嗓音评估中,实验组频率微扰、振幅微扰及最长声时与对照组差异有统计学意义;SAS评分及SDS评分实验组与对照组差异有统计学意义。 结论 完善的嗓音和心理状态评估对功能性发声障碍患者的诊治具有重要的指导意义。     

Downregulation of p38 MAPK involved in inhibition of LDL-induced proliferation of mesangial cells and matrix by curcumin

Curcumin, as a main pharmacological component in the traditional Chinese medicine-- tttrmeric, has shown anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, anti-tumor and anti-fibrotic effects. This study aimed to investigate the possible underlying signaling pathway which was involved in the inhibition of LDL-induced proliferation of mesangial cells and matrix by curcumin. Rat mesangial cells in vitro were incubated with low-density lipoprotein （LDL） and different concentrations of curcumin （0, 6.25, 12.5, 25.0 9mol/L） or p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580 （10 μmol/L）. Under LDL incubation, mesangial cells proliferated, the expression of MMP-2 mRNA and protein was decreased, the expression of COX-2 mRNA and protein was increased, reactive oxygen species （ROS） generation was increased and p38 MAPK was activated significantly （P〈0.05）. When LDL-induced cells were treated with curcumin in the concentration of 12.5 or 25.0 μmol/L, LDL-induced proliferation ofmesangial cells was suppressed, the expression of MMP-2 mRNA and protein increased, the expression of COX-2 mRNA and protein downregulated, the production of ROS inhibited and p38 MAPK inactivated （P〈0.05）. In conclusion, curcumin can inhibit the LDL-induced proliferation of mesangial cells and up-regulate the expression of MMP-2, which may be related with the inhibitory effect of curcumin on COX-2 expression, ROS pro- duction and p38 MAPK.     

Erbin interacts with Sema4C and inhibits Sema4C-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in HK2 cells

Erbin, a member of Leucine-rich repeat and PDZ-containing protein family, was found to inhibit TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition （EMT） in our previous study. However, the mechanism of Erbin in regulating EMT is unclear. Semaphorin protein Sema4C, with PDZ binding site at C-terminal has been recognized as a positive regulator of EMT. Here, we aimed to examine the inter- action between Erbin and Sema4C. HK2 cells were treated with TGF-β1, or transfected with Erbin and （or） Sema4C. Interaction of Erbin and Sema4C was identified by immunoprecipitation. RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of Erbin and Sema4C at mRNA level after transfection. The expression levels of Erbin, Sema4C, and markers of EMT were measured by using Western blotting or ELISA. Af- ter HK2 cells were stimulated with 10 ng/mL TGF-β1 for 72 h, the protein expression levels of Erbin and Sema4C were both up-regulated, and immunoprecipitation results showed Erbin interacted with Sema4C in HK2 cells both at endogenous and exogenous levels. Furthermore, overexpression of Sema4C suppressed E-cadherin, induced vimentin and promoted fibronectin secretion, indicating Sema4C promotes the process of EMT. However, HK2 cells overexpressing Erbin were resistant to Sema4C-induced EMT. In contrast, Erbin specific siRNA promoted EMT induced by Sema4C. Taken together, these results suggest that Erbin can interact with Sema4C, and co-expression of Erbin blocks the process of Sema4C-induced EMT.     

β-连环素酪氨酸磷酸化调控E-钙黏蛋白表达参与转化生长因子β1诱导的人肾小管上皮细胞转分化

目的 观察β-连环素(catenin)在TGF-β1诱导的上皮细胞-间充质细胞转分化(EMT)过程中对E-钙黏蛋白(cadherin)表达的调控作用。方法 应用穿透性多肽技术构建表达底物模仿多肽和对照多肽。以体外培养的人肾小管上皮细胞HK2为研究对象，模型组予10 ng/ml TGF-β1刺激肾小管上皮细胞72 h，底物模仿多肽组和对照多肽组同时分别予2 μmol/L的底物模仿多肽或对照多肽干预TGF-β1刺激肾小管上皮细胞；应用Western印迹方法检测各组E-cadherin、α-SMA蛋白的表达及各组β-catenin酪氨酸磷酸化水平。应用激光共聚焦显微镜观察各组细胞β-catenin的分布。结果 正常对照组表达E-cadherin，几乎不表达α-SMA，β-catenin酪氨酸磷酸化水平低，主要表达于细胞连接间的细胞膜上。模型组几乎不表达E-cadherin，α-SMA的表达上调，β-catenin酪氨酸磷酸化水平上调，主要表达于细胞核内。底物模仿多肽组与正常组的结果相似；对照多肽组与模型组结果相似。结论 人肾小管上皮细胞β-catenin酪氨酸磷酸化水平的上调，使β-catenin向核转移，E-cadherin/β-catenin复合体解离，E-cadherin功能丧失，表达α-SMA，参与TGF-β1诱导的EMT。