A small sample-size automated adiabatic calorimeter from 70 to 580 K——Molar heat capacities of α-Al_2O_3

An automatic adiabatic calorimeter for measuring heat capacities in the temperature range 70—580 K, equipped with a small sample cell of 7.4 cm~3 in the internal volume has been developed. In order to obtain a good adiabatic condition of the calorimeter at high temperature, the calorimeter was surrounded in sequence by two adiabatic shields, three radiation shields and an auxiliary temperature-controlled sheath. The main body of the cell made of copper and the lid made of brass are silver-soldered and the cell is sealed with a copper screw cap. A sealing gasket made of Pb-Sn alloy is put between the cap and the lid to ensure a high vacuum sealing of the cell in the whole experimental temperature range. All the leads are insulated and fixed with W30-11 varnish, thus a good electric insulation is obtained at high temperature. All the experimental data, including those for energy and temperature are collected and processed automatically with a personal computer using a predetermined program. To verify the     

尿嘧啶和5-溴尿嘧啶的低温热容

采用综合物性测量系统(PPMS)的热容测量模块在1.9-300 K温度区间内对两种药物中间体(尿嘧啶和5-溴尿嘧啶)的低温热容进行了测量与研究. 结果表明, 在测量温区内两种化合物的低温热容随温度的上升而逐步增加, 无任何热异常现象产生; 在相同温度下, 5-溴尿嘧啶的热容数值始终高于尿嘧啶. 利用低温热容理论模型对热容数据进行了拟合, 并计算得到了0-300 K温区的摩尔熵变、焓变等热力学函数. 此外, 通过热容拟合数据计算得到的尿嘧啶和5-溴尿嘧啶在298.15 K的标准摩尔规定熵分别为(132.48±1.32)和(165.39±1.65) J·K^-1·mol^-1.     

稀土高氯酸盐-甘氨酸配合物[Sm2(Gly)6(H2O)4](ClO4)6.5H2O单晶体的低温热容及标准生成焓

合成了稀土高氯酸盐-甘氨酸配合物晶体。经热重、差热、化学化析及有关文献对比,确定其组成是[Sm2(Gly)6(H2O)4](ClO4)6·5H2O,单晶结构,纯度是99.0%.熔点分析仪分析知其没有固定熔点,在79～370K温区,用高精密全自动绝热量仪对单晶配合物进行了热容测定,发现该配合物在低温段没有反常热容。348.07K附近是该配合物的分解温区,配合物的分解温度、分解熵和分解焓分别是346.89K,44.669kJ/mol和128.77J/K·mol。计算机拟合了热容对温度的多项式方程,在79～318K温区,Cp=1294.56+624.17K-11.893X^2+75.075X^3+23.762X^4.在常压,298.15K下用具有恒温环境的反应热量计测定了配合物的标准生成焓值为-8022.405kJ/mol。     

镨甘氨酸高氯酸盐的低温热容和标准生成焓的测定

合成了一种稀土镨DL α甘氨酸配合物高氯酸盐晶体.经热重、差热及元素的化学分析,确定其组成是[Pr2 (DL αGly)6 (H2O)4 ] (ClO4 )6·5H2O,纯度是99. 63%.熔点分析仪分析知其没有固定熔点. 在79~371K,用高精密全自动绝热量热仪对晶体配合物进行了热容测定,发现该配合物在低温段没有反常热容. 333K附近是该配合物的分解温区,配合物的分解温度、分解焓和分解熵分别是320. 010K、40. 714kJ/mol和127. 227J/molK.计算机拟合了在78. 939~301. 295K热容对温度的多项式方程. 在常压、298. 15K下,用具有恒温环境的反应热量计测定了配合物的标准生成焓值为-8022. 802kJ/mol.     

[Gd2(Gly)6(H2O)4](ClO4)6(H2O)5的合成、晶体结构与热化学研究

利用微波技术合成了配合物[Gd₂(Gly)₆(H₂O)₄](ClO₄)₆(H₂O)₅, 进行了化学成分分析、红外表征和热重分析. 应用X衍射仪测定其晶体结构, 该晶体为一维链结构, 属三斜晶系, P 空间群, 晶胞参数: a＝1.1569(17) nm, b＝1.4138(2) nm, c＝1.5642(2) nm, α＝96.910(2)°, β＝102.735(2)°, γ＝105.512(2)°, V＝2.3606(6) nm³, Z＝2, D_c＝2.144 g•cm^－3. 采用精密溶解-反应量热计, 通过设计热化学循环, 计算出了该配合物的标准摩尔生成焓为 －(7960.73±3.23) kJ•mol^－1.     

稀土钬丙氨酸配合物的热力学性质

合成了稀土氯化钬丙氨酸配合物，[Ho2(Ala)4(H2O)8]Cl6，的晶体.用绝热量热法测定了其在78～363 K温区的热容.在214～255 K温区发现一固－固相变，相变峰温、相变焓和相变熵分别为235.09 K，3.017 kJ•mol－1和12.83 J•K－1•mol－1.用最小二乘法将实验热容值拟合成热容随温度变化的多项式方程,利用此方程式和热力学函数关系,计算出以298.15 K为参考温度的热力学函数值.在40～800 ℃温区，用热重分析和差示扫描量热法研究了该配合物的热稳定性，观察到[Ho2(Ala)4(H2O)8]Cl6分两步分解，第一步从80 ℃开始，179 ℃结束；第二步从242 ℃开始，479 ℃结束.从热分析结果推测出该配合物可能的热分解机理.     

LOW-TEMPERATURE HEAT CAPACITY AND THERMODYNAMIC FUNCTIONS OF 2-CHLORO-6-(TRICHLOROMETHYL)PYRIDINE

The heat capacity of 2- chloro- 6- (trichloromethyl)pyridine has heen measured with anadiabatic calorimeter in the range from 13 to 316K. There is no indication of any phasetransition or thermal anomaly in this temperature region for the present compound. Theresults have been compared with those reported in [1] in the overlapping temperaturerange. The experimental heat capacity data have been fitted to a smoothed curve by the aidof the effective frequency distribution method, and the heat capacities below 13K have beenobtained by extrapolating the fitting curve down to 0K. The standard molar thermodynamicfunctions between 0 and 400 K have been derived by combining the present heat capacitymeasurements with the previous ones. The values of C_p~o (T), S~o(T) - S~o(0), [H~o(T) -H~o(0)]/T, and - [G~o(T) - H~o(0)]/T at T = 298.15 K are 189.35, 244.60, 112 .45 and 132.15J·K~(-1)·mol~(-1), respectively.     

LOW-TEMPERATURE HEAT CAPACITIES AND THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF LANTHANUM AND CERIUM TRIISOTHIOCYANATE HYDRATESI (Ⅰ)——La(NCS)_3, 7H_2O AND Ce(NCS)_3. 7H_2O

The heat capacities of La(NCS)_3. 7H_2O and Ce(NCS)_3. 7H_2O have been measured from 13 to 300K with a fully-automated adiabatic calorimeter. The construction and procedures of the calorimetric system are described in detail. No obvious thermal anomaly was observed for both compounds in the experimental temperature range. The polynomial equations for calculating the heat capacity values of the two compounds in the range 13—300K were obtained by the least-squares fitting based on the experimental C_p data. The C_p values below 13K were estimated by using the Debye and Einstein heat Capacity functions. The standard molar thermodynamic functions were calculated from 0 to 300K. Gibbs energies of formation were also calculated.     

Heat Capacities and Thermodynamic Properties of Lanthanum/Holmium Perchlorate Complexes with Glycine

IntroductionSinceAnghilerietal.1reportedin 1975thatthecom plexoflanthanumchloridewithglycinehadanti canceref fect,complexesofrareearthwithaminoacidhavebeenex tensivelystudied .Inthepastdecades,about 2 0 0kindsofcomplexesofrare earthcompoundswithaminoacidshavebeensynthesizedandstudied .2 Theycanbeusedasantisepticandanticancerdrugsinmedicine,additivesofanimalforageandfertilizerinagriculture,andwooldyeintextileindus try .3,4 Complexesofrareearthwithaminoacidwerewidelyusedinmanyfields,however,the…