教育实证研究中研究工具开发与写作的品质要求

针对我国教育实证研究缺乏明确的质量追求和品质标准的问题,提炼了定量研究中成就测验、问卷、李克特量表等研究工具的品质要求,明确了研究工具开发的流程及品质要求,厘清了实证研究论文中研究工具写作的原则及内容要求。利用建构的品质指标分析了实证研究论文案例,指出了其优点及存在的问题。     

教育实证研究的认识误区及案例分析

我国教育研究领域在大力倡导实证研究的同时,却存在着一些认识误区,其中包括过分强调量化研究、夸大实证研究的作用、贬低否定思辨研究、片面追求新理论和新方法的运用、脱离学科内容主题及核心问题等.通过案例分析了这些认识误区,指出了发展教育实证研究的正确方向.     

化学教育研究:范式的转变

化学教育起源于化学科学,是科学教育的一个重要分支。在回顾中外化学教育研究不同发展路径的基础上,提出我国化学教育学科要努力从“教学法”范式转变为实证研究范式。探讨了基于证据的化学教育研究的3个主要议题,即研究问题、理论基础和研究方法,介绍了基于证据的化学教育研究的论文写作规范。最后对在我国化学教育界推进实证研究提出若干建议。     

中国台湾地区“化学平衡”主题教学研究现状分析

以“化学平衡”为研究对象，筛选中国台湾地区从1991年到2022年与该主题相关的研究成果，得到期刊论文11篇、硕士论文22篇，发文者皆来自于高校。对样本论文的研究范式、研究方法、研究对象、研究类型、研究内容等5个角度进行分析发现：中国台湾对“化学平衡”的研究，多采用定性与定量相结合的实证研究，研究内容包括学生的概念理解、心智模式和教学策略等，聚焦学生的认知过程，关注实验创新和教育技术的融合。对比海峡两岸对“化学平衡”的研究发现同中有异，据此提出了相关建议，以期为该主题的教学和研究提供参考。     

国内化学教育领域调查研究的内容分析与品质考察

选取化学教育领域核心期刊《化学教育》和《化学教学》2011-2016年的180篇调查研究类文献为样本,分析了研究的现状和趋势,并运用“调查类文献品质考察工具”对调查类文献品质进行了考察。研究发现,调查类研究数量呈下降趋势;研究主题以化学学习、教师教育、化学教学为主;调查对象主要是中学生和在职教师;作者群体约半数来自高等学校。研究品质方面,虽然研究品质逐年提高,但整体研究品质仍不容乐观,主要问题在于缺乏信度和效度的直接证据,数据分析处理方式单一,以及文献探讨不足。     

化学学习心理研究的现状与建议

以化学学科教育期刊以及教育类核心期刊为研究对象,通过对2000-2010年期刊中有关化学学习心理研究的文献进行研究,从计量学出发,对论文的数量、内容、发表年份、作者合作情况、作者单位及地区分布等各方面统计分析,探讨了我国化学学习心理研究方面的发展趋势、存在的问题及建议。     

职前化学教师教育研究的内容分析*——基于SSCI期刊《化学教育研究与实践》的文献

国际职前化学教师教育研究的热点对我国职前化学教师教育发展具有借鉴意义。以47篇《化学教育研究与实践》上职前化学教师教育研究的论文作为研究对象,通过内容分析法和文献计量法分析,并与国内的研究现状进行对比,发现在发文量上,本领域文献产量都不高,国外相关研究成果也是近5年来才开始蓬勃,但在作者分布、研究主题、研究范式上存在较大差距。具体表现:国外学者注重跨专业、跨校、跨国合作研究职前化学教师教育;国外学者倾向于从学生的视角展开调查或测试,基于证据为学生的学习乃至教师教学改革提供策略;国外学者擅长实证研究,和国内经验总结的研究范式差别很大。     

从中国作者在英国《化学教育研究与实践》上发表的论文看中国化学教育研究

对中国作者在英国《化学教育研究与实践》上的发文情况进行了较为全面的统计分析，包括发文数量、作者区域、作者机构、合作程度以及论文内容等；旨在揭示我国化学教育的国际化程度及其特点，以期为我国化学学科教育研究提供一些参考与启示，提升我国化学教育研究的国际化水平。     

化学专业研究生创新培养模式研究

基于质性研究方法,通过对我国3所双一流大学有机化学专业的6个课题组的实证研究,识别总结了在课题选择阶段、实验研究阶段和论文撰写阶段中具有特色的研究生创新培养模式,发现这些培养模式卓有成效地培养了研究生的创新思维、课题研究和学术写作能力。研究结果可以为我国化学专业研究生培养模式的改进提供实际有益的借鉴和启发。     

《化学教育》问题解决研究论文的统计分析

以《化学教育》期刊为研究对象,采用上海师范大学图书馆的“中文期刊数据库”进行关键词检索和查阅原始杂志相结合的方法,主要从论文的数量、研究方法、研究内容、研究目的和作者所在地区等5个方面对1999-2010年近11年间有关化学问题解决研究的论文进行统计分析和评价,从另一侧面探讨我国化学学科问题解决研究的发展趋势、水平、存在的问题。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.