19.6nm波长类氖锗X光激光光源理论模拟

 波长19.6nm的类氖锗X光激光适合作为诊断激光等离子体界面不稳定性的光源。用经过实验检验的系列程序对预-主短脉冲驱动类氖锗进行了系统的优化设计和理论分析。采用2%~3%的预脉冲强度，6~8ns的预-主脉冲时间间隔，在4×10¹³W/cm²功率密度驱动下, 波长19.6nm增益区的宽度可以超过60μm，增益区的维持时间可以达到90ps。对于16mm长的平板靶，增益系数可达11.8/cm；弯曲靶增益系数可达13.3/cm；单靶小增益长度积可达21.3，单靶就可以获得饱和增益。采用双靶对接，其小讯号增益可达38.4，可以获得深度饱和增益，能满足应用演示所需的X光激光光源。     

低强度激光泵浦类Ni离子X光激光实验

 在试运行的神光Ⅱ装置上,采用新设计的凸柱面透镜列阵均匀线聚焦系统, 用两束激光焦线叠加和双靶对接等技术,以预主脉冲激光驱动方式,在(5～8)×10¹³W/cm²的较低强度激光泵浦条件下,观测到Ni-like　Dy、Er、Yb的软X光激光输出,测得波长5.02nm类Ni-Yb和波长5.86nm类Ni-Dy的软X光激光的增益系数分别为1.6cm^-1和1.4cm^-1     

掠入射较高功率密度驱动Ni-like AgX射线激光的理论研究

 用系列程序对掠入射方式驱动亚稳态类镍银碰撞激发机制进行了研究。继低功率密度驱动获得有效增益系数为23.8 cm^-1结果之后，在4.3×10¹³ W·cm^-2较高功率密度驱动时，增益区移到驱动激光折返点附近，有效增益系数达到40 cm^-1以上，比正入射提高了2.4倍。用50 J激光能量驱动单靶，就能达到有效增益长度积为40的深度饱和增益。     

利用皮秒脉冲激光驱动瞬态X射线激光

报道了利用皮秒激光驱动产生瞬态类镍银X射线激光的实验结果.采用一路脉冲宽度为数百皮秒的激光作为预脉冲，配合另一路皮秒激光作为主脉冲联合驱动平面靶，获得了一定强度的类镍银X射线激光输出，输出能量约为5—10nJ. 关键词： 瞬态X射线激光 长短脉冲联合驱动 皮秒脉冲激光     

掠入射低功率密度驱动Ni-like Ag X射线激光的理论研究

 用系列程序对掠入射方式驱动亚稳态类镍银的碰撞激发机制进行数值模拟。结果发现：与正入射方式相比,掠入射在1.2×10¹³ W·cm^-2低功率密度驱动时,驱动激光能量主要沉积在增益区附近,可以大幅度提高增益区的电子温度,也可以大幅度提高增益系数。通过对预主脉冲时间间隔和掠入射角的优化,采用10.5 ns延迟时间和16°的掠入射角,可使有效增益系数达到23.8 cm^-1,比正入射提高84％。用13 J驱动激光能量就可以获得增益长度积为23.8的深度饱和增益。     

双短脉冲驱动类镍钐X光激光的模拟

 介绍了模拟产生类镍离子电子碰撞激发X光激光全过程的系列程序。利用它模拟了英国RAL实验室的双短脉冲驱动类镍钐X光激光实验。与实验结果进行了比较。还研究了不同弯曲度的靶及驱动激光功率密度不均匀性对输出激光强度的影响。对驱动激光的脉宽、主脉冲的功率密度以及主脉冲的延迟时间等进行了优化设计。     

激光线聚焦驱动平面银靶的二维数值模拟

介绍新研制的二维非平衡辐射流体力学程序XRL2D的物理方程以及计算方法,并对神光Ⅱ上典型的类镍银X光激光实验条件,用3种ALE计算方法模拟了预主脉冲线聚焦驱动银平面靶的流体运动.几种方法模拟给出的物理图像清晰且相似,类镍离子丰度分布呈弯月形,同实验上XRL场图呈弯月形分布一致.对3种计算方法给出的结果进行了细致的比较分析.     

超短脉冲强激光与固体靶相互作用中Kα射线的实验研究

在相对论激光强度下，对p偏振30 fs激光与固体Cu靶相互作用中产生的Kα射线进行了实验研究.采用刀边成像技术和单光子计数X射线CCD相结合的探测装置，在单发激光脉冲打靶时同时得到X射线源的尺寸、能谱以及Kα光子的转换效率等多种信息.实验结果与Reich等人的理论计算结果有明显的差异，Kα光子的能量转换效率在激光功率密度为1.6×10¹⁸W/cm²的条件下达到最大值7.08×10^-6/sr.根据这一结果并结合蒙特卡罗程序，推断出在这一聚焦光强下激光能量转换为前向超热电子的效率约为10%.     

类镍离子碰撞机制的重要进展

为了提高Mach-Zenhder干涉仪的分辨率，需要提高探针光输出亮度。用系列程序进行了低功率密度长焦线类镍银的优化设计。1％预脉冲，驱动激光能量EL=95J，焦线100μm宽、27mm长，25mm长靶，f12=2．75ns，增益系数G=10／cm，增益长度积GL=25。     

50mJ超短脉冲KrF激光系统的参数优化

 介绍了原子能院建立的钛宝石/KrF混合型激光装置，主要输出参数的测量和性能优化。放电泵浦准分子激光器采用离轴放大结构，结合棱镜对进行GVD补偿，获得50mJ，220fs的紫外超短脉冲。用40cm透镜聚焦，靶上功率密度达到10¹⁷ W/cm²。     

2D hydrodynamic simulation of a line-focused plasma in Ni-like Ag x-ray laser research

In most collisional schemes of x-ray laser (XRL) experiments, a bow-like intensity distribution of XRL is often observed, and it is generally ascribed to the two-dimensional hydrodynamic behaviour of expanding plasma. In order to better understand its essence in physics, a newly developed two-dimensional non-equilibrium radiation hydrodynamic code XRL2D is used to simulate a quasi-steady state Ni-like Ag XRL experiment on ShenGuang-II facility. The simulation results show that the bow-like distribution of Ni-like ions caused by over-ionization in the central area of plasma is responsible for the bow-like shape of the XRL intensity distribution observed.     

X射线激光对激光烧蚀薄片靶的阴影成像研究

长脉冲激光辐照烧蚀薄片靶会加速物质进而在靶后表面产生凹坑现象,通过凹坑的实验诊断,配合相关的理论模拟,对理解相关物理过程,校验理论程序的相关参数具有很好的参考价值.利用波长13.9 nm的类镍银X射线激光作为探针,诊断了纳秒倍频激光辐照C₈H₈平面薄片靶产生的等离子体以及加速物质产生的凹坑现象,并利用XRL2D程序对实验现象进行了细致的模拟,电子热传导限流因子选取为0.03时的模拟结果与实验符合比较好.模拟给出凹坑宽度和深度(即薄片加速距离)与实验观测数据定量符     

Theoretical research on enhancement of gain for Ni-like Ag 13.9nm x-ray laser using a new two-layer target

For experiments such as on Ni-like Ag x-ray laser, driven by 1\omega laser, the gain region is only several~nm depth near the target surface, this paper proposes a new two-layer target, in which a thin layer (several nm depth) of silver is plated on the surface of some other materials. Furthermore, the Ni-like Ag 13.9~nm x-ray laser produced by three new kinds of two-layer target with CH, Al and Ge as foundation, was theoretically studied.     

数字全息形貌测量的基本特性分析

在对数字全息技术进行严格理论分析的基础上，本文指出随单个CCD像元的尺寸的减小可能被记录物体的横向尺寸将变大，所允许的纵向尺寸却变小；另一方面其系统误差和被测量值本身的大小成正比，和横向分辨率成反比。     

Continuous high-repetition-rate operation of collisional soft-x-ray lasers with solid targets

We have generated a laser average output power of 2 microW at a wavelength of 13.9 nm by operating a tabletop laser-pumped Ni-like Ag laser at a 5 Hz repetition rate, using a solid helicoidal target that is continuously rotated and advanced to renew the target surface between shots. More than 2 x 10(4) soft-x-ray laser shots were obtained by using a single target. Similar results were obtained at 13.2 nm in Ni-like Cd with a Cd-coated target. This scheme will allow uninterrupted operation of laser-pumped tabletop collisional soft-x-ray lasers at a repetition rate of 10 Hz for a period of hours, enabling the generation of continuous high average soft-x-ray powers for applications.     

Design of Highly Directive Ni-Like Ag X-Ray Laser at 13.9nm

We theoretically investigate a 13.9nm Ni-like Ag x-ray laser using a one-dimensional hydrodynamic code coupled with an atomic physics data package. The population inversion is transiently pumped by a grazing incident 0.5ps main pulse irradiating into an optimized plasma, which is generated by a normal incidence 300ps pulse and a subsequent grazing incidence 300ps pulse. The effect of the grazing-incidence angle on the source position of the output x-ray laser is investigated. Near zero deflecting angle is found for the peak output intensity of the Ni-like Ag x-ray lasers, with a small FWHM divergence of 5mrad. It is predicted that saturation can be achieved with a total pump energy of 165mJ.     

用类氖锗X光激光实验检验理论模拟

 介绍了用国内1ns长脉冲和国外多脉冲驱动的类氖锗的实验数据检验X光激光的理论模拟程序系列的工作。在长脉冲驱动时，对波长19.6，23.2和23.6nm三条激光线，理论模拟与实验数据基本符合。在多个短脉冲驱动时，除了与严重过电离的复合等离子体有关的实验外，理论模拟与实验也基本符合。为今后设计激光聚变等离子体诊断所需类氖锗X光激光光源工作打下了基础。