相位量化DRFM性能分析

本文提出了一种数字射频存储器(DRFM)偏移相位量化方法,它是在传统相位量化方法的基础上通过增加一个相位偏移而得到.通过傅立叶分析,得到了其谐波寄生信号性能计算公式,结果表明,其性能与传统相位量化方法相同.其优点是,由于其良好的对称性,更适合于硬件电路实现.在此基础上,提出了一种用D/A变换器代替加权求和网络实现相位量化DRFM信号重构的新方法,解决了多位相位量化DRFM工程实现的困难.采用计算机仿真方法对由于D/A变换幅度量化引起的性能变化进行了分析,表明当D/A变换器位数接近于相位量化位数时就可以获得满意的效果.     

基于加权网络的3 bit相位量化DRFM干扰信号特征分析与研究

利用数字射频存储器(DRFM)对雷达信号进行复制和调制,能对雷达产生良好的干扰效果。对基于加权网络的3bit相位量化DRFM干扰信号特性进行了分析,提出了利用等均值离散的方法求得加权网络的加权值,建立了3bit相位量化DRFM时域波形表达式,探讨了3bit相位量化DRFM干扰信号的频谱特性,利用脉冲多普勒(PD)雷达模型对DRFM干扰效果进行了分析,仿真证明DRFM对PD雷达具有良好的干扰效果。     

基于加权网络的DRFM干扰PD雷达特征研究

数字射频存储器(DRFM)通过对雷达信号进行复制和调制,能对雷达产生良好的干扰效果。基于加权网络分析了3bit相位量化DRFM干扰信号特性,提出利用等均值离散的方法求得加权网络的加权值,建立了3bit相位量化DRFM时域波形表达式,分析了3bit相位量化DRFM干扰信号的频谱特性。利用PD雷达模型对DRFM干扰效果进行了分析,仿真证明DRFM对PD雷达具有良好的干扰效果。     

多比特相位量化寄生信号谱分析

对多比特相位量化技术及采样过程进行理论分析，推导出DRFM谐波与交调信号的表达式，进行了计算机仿真试验，分析不同量化位数和不同采样率对信号频谱结构的影响。     

DRFM相位校正技术研究

DRFM复制信号的相位不连续会破坏输出信号的相干性，影响干扰效果。将信号取样的起始和终止相位之差记录下来，并在信号复制时进行相位补偿的新技术，可以消除复制信号首尾相位差，并简化电路。3比特相位DRFM中相位校正的精度优于π／4。     

失配滤波器在数字脉压旁瓣抑制技术中的应用

通过使用加权迭代最小二乘法来设计失配滤波器，用于数字脉压旁瓣抑制技术中，并通过优化权系数，可以使得输出信号的旁瓣电平压得很低。份真结果表明，通过迭代，选择适当的权系数使得失配滤波器的输出具有较低的旁瓣电平，且峰值旁瓣电平比未优化前降低了6dB。     

非线性慢波电路中跳变幅度对饱和输出功率的影响

本文以罗埃大信号理论为基础，对提高小型化行波管效率的动态速度渐变技术和二次谐波的抑制问题进行了模拟计算分析。重点研究了非线性双跳变电路中跳变幅度的变化对饱和输出功率的影响，获得了实现动态速度渐变的最佳双跳变电路变化幅度。证明了在最佳跳变幅度，基波分量得到加强，二次谐波受到抑制，饱和功率在全频带范围（6－18GHz)内具有均衡输出。     

非线性慢波电路中跳变幅度对饱和输出功率的影响

本文以罗埃大信号理论为基础，对提高小型化行波管效率的动态速度渐变技术和二次谐波的抑制问题进行了模拟计算分析。重点研究了非线性双跳变电路中跳变幅度的变化对饱和输出功率的影响。获得了实现动态速度渐变的最佳双跳变电路变化幅度。证明了在最佳跳变幅度，基波分量得到加强，二次谐波受到抑制，饱和功率在全频带范围（６～１８ＧＨｚ）内具有均衡输出。     

基于奇异谱分析的抗数字射频存储距离波门拖引干扰

针对基于数字射频存储(DRFM)技术的转发式欺骗干扰难以检测和抑制问题,该文根据DRFM的延时量化会导致干扰信号产生细微的中心频率频移及谐波分量寄生的特性,提出一种基于奇异谱分析(SSA)的抗距离波门拖引干扰方法。该方法首先提取干扰信号谐波分量与目标回波经SSA分解后奇异值能量的分布差异特征,实现对有源欺骗干扰的检测,然后依据干扰中心频率频移特性,通过划分合适的奇异值子空间重构目标信号,实现对欺骗干扰的抑制。该方法不需要估计噪声参数,在干扰检测阶段具有恒虚警特性。Monte Carlo仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

电子对抗中的DRFM技术

数字射频存储器是电子战中较为行之有效的技术手段,它能通过对接收到的敌方信号进行不同的处理以实现对敌方雷达进行相应的干扰。由于雷达信号瞬时带宽的不断增大而使器件发展水平滞后,信道化DRFM技术的重要性变得日益突出。文中简述了DRFM的基本原理和信道化DRFM的方法,并用Matlab仿真验证了信道化DRFM的可行性,分析了通道数量对合成信号的质量的影响,为以后的工程中实现DRFM存储较高的瞬时带宽提供了理论基础。     

Optimum radar signal processing in clutter

This paper considers the joint optimization of a class of radar signals and filters in a number of clutter-pins-noise environments. The radar signal processor in this case will be optimum in the sense that its output at the time of target detection yields the maximum ratio of peak signal power to total interference power. If the interference at the input to this signal processor is a Gaussian random process, this processor also yields the maximum probability of detection for a given value of false-alarm probability. The signals used are pulse trains and the filters are tapped delay lines. The purpose of signal design is to determine the optimum complex weighting for each pulse of the pulse train. Filter design yields the optimum complex weighting for the output taps of the delay line. Filter design for a specified signal is considered first. This is followed by combined signal and filter design and matched filter design. Constrained signal and filter design is investigated last. It should be emphasized that the optimizations require a knowledge of the clutter time-frequency distribution. For practical situations, when the clutter distribution is unknown, an adaptive filter is proposed that automatically provides the optimum filter weights for a given transmitted signal. When the clutter has a range-time extent less than the equivalent range-time extent of the signal, filter design alone yields nearly optimum performance. As the clutter becomes extended in range-time, it is necessary to consider jointly the design of signal and filter to obtain an optimum radar signal processor. In this report it is suggested that the signal be designed under the assumption of the clutter being extended over a broad range of Dopplers and that the signal processor consist of a bank of adaptive filters. Then each filter output yields the maximum ratio of peak signal to total interference power for this signal design.     

Pairwise subcarriers weighting for suppressing out‐of‐band radiation of OFDM

This paper proposes a subcarrier weighting technique to suppress the out‐of‐band radiation of OFDM signals. By mapping and weighting the same data on an adjacent pair of subcarriers, the spectrum sidelobes are suppressed perfectly through sidelobes mutual cancellation. The optimum weighting factor is derived based on a rectangular pulse‐shaped OFDM spectrum model. Compared with existing out‐of‐band suppression schemes, the proposed scheme not only requires less computational burden but also achieves better spectral roll‐off. For example, when the cyclic prefix of a one‐eighth OFDM‐block length is added, the proposed scheme suppresses the 10‐dB radiation at the center frequency between two subbands which are using cognitive radio. Analytical and simulation results also show that the proposed scheme improves the system carrier‐to‐interference ratio by 10 dB at a normalized frequency offset above 0.1, which leads to the performance improvement in terms of the BER on AWGN channel and multipath fading channel. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Adaptive predictor based on maximally flat halfband filter inlifting scheme

For complex short time-varying signals, a high-order predictor does not always yield good performance. For this, we investigate the use of a short-order adaptive predictor. Since the maximally flat filters are the optimal predictors for polynomial signal prediction, the adaptation is based on the combination of a set of maximally flat filters. For compression efficiency, the dynamic ranges of the weighting variables are specially considered. For this, based on the Bernstein filters, another form to represent the weighting variables is used. These two sets of weighting coefficients can be transformed into each other with a simple linear transform. Thus, the adaptation can be made in both the time domain and the frequency domain. For block-based image coding, the least square criterion is used to derive the weighting coefficients. Experimental results show that the adaptive predictor performs better than the S+P transform, the median edge detector (MED), and the gradient adjusted predictor (GAP)     

基于球谐函数天线间相互影响快速分析方法

针对系统内多天线电磁兼容性难以快速分析和评估的问题, 基于球谐函数提出了一种天线间相互影响的准确快速分析方法.由电场积分方程出发, 将天线间耦合电流的计算变量引入至天线的辐射方向图上, 同时利用矢量系数球谐函数对天线方向图进行分解, 一方面解决了因天线姿态变化而产生的多次建模、目标剖分和数值计算问题, 另一方面也解决了标量系数球谐函数在分解天线方向图产生的奇异点问题.与电磁仿真软件FEKO的仿真结果相比, 该方法具有较强的准确性, 且分析时间大大缩短, 为多天线电磁兼容性的快速分析评估提供了技术支撑.     

Voltage harmonics generated by voltage-fed inverters using PWMnatural sampling

The harmonics generated by natural sampled pulse width modulation are investigated experimentally and by theoretical models for the outputs obtained with triangular and sawtooth carrier signals. These equations are valid for synchronous and asynchronous operation. It is shown that triangular carriers generate less harmonics than sawtooth carriers, and that in synchronous operation with single-phase modulation, the carrier-to-output frequency ratio may be any integer value     

Optimum symbol-by-symbol mean-square error channel coding

An(n,k)linear block code is used to conveykinformation digits, each having a numerical value attached, in such a way as to minimize the mean-square error of the individual information digits regardless of the other(k-1)positions. This criterion is used because it provides a graceful degradation in the coding performance when the channel temporarily becomes less reliable. Unambiguous encoding is employed, and the channel is assumed to obey a realistic additive property. An optimum pair of symbol encoding and decoding functions are derived, and it is shown that the optimum symbol encoding can be performed in a linear fashion. The related decoding role is the conditional mean estimator. Fourier transforms are central to the optimal design of both rules. The optimum symbol rules tire identical with the properly isolated parts of the optimum mean-square error rules when the code is used to carry the k Information digits considered as a single complete numerical entity, The same channel coding design is therefore optimum for a wide variety of Information configurations. Techniques for implementing the optimum symbol decoders are examined with special emphasis on memoryless channels where the storage requirements for the necessary weighting coefficients are drastically reduced.     

Spectral sensitivity of power amplifiers to quadrature modulatormisalignment

Misalignments in the quadrature modulator feeding a nonlinear high power amplifier can produce distortion products that lead to spectrum leakage into adjacent channels. Expressions are derived relating the out-of-band spectra to these misalignments and to the complex coefficients of the power series describing the amplifier. For most applications the adjacent channel leakage is proportional to the square of the misalignment error (carrier leak, differential gain, differential phase and level error) except in the case of some higher order products of continuous phase modulations (CPM). A technique for estimating the spectrum for the above situations is described. It involves summing the weighted spectrum of each distortion product. The weighting coefficients can be varied to account for amplifier characteristics, backoff, and misalignment error. The analysis is applicable to linear or continuous phase modulations with or without predistortion. The spectrum estimate is particularly good for continuous phase modulated signals where the error is normally much less than 1 dB     

低空目标长时间积累检测技术研究

低空目标信号通常淹没在强杂波和噪声环境中,严重制约了对目标的有效检测。针对低空目标检测难点,对基于频域包络移位补偿算法的长时间积累检测技术的工作原理和积累效能进行了理论分析。研究结果表明:当目标跨越距离单元较少时,脉压加权可有效降低跨距离单元损耗;当目标跨越多个距离单元时,采用基于频域包络移位补偿算法可显著提高目标的可检测性。研究结果对长时间积累工程化设计有借鉴意义。     

基于注频锁相技术的发射波束形成系统

研究了利用注频锁相技术实现低成本、高集成度、高效率的发射波束形成系统。首先介绍了发射波束形成的原理,并研究了注频锁相振荡器相位系统平衡点的稳定性,根据注频锁相振荡器的相位噪声理论给出了注频锁相振荡器阵列的设计原则,然后根据理论分析设计了一种可以产生高稳定度、低相位噪声具有任意相位加权系数的多通道射频相干信号的波束形成系统,利用计算机仿真该系统实现了发射波束扫描,证明了基于注频锁相技术的发射波束形成系统的可实现性。最后搭建了四通道注频锁相振荡器阵列,测量结果表明注频锁相振荡器阵列可以产生具有任意相位加权系统的多通道相干信号,进一步证明了该发射波束形成系统的有效性。     

Economic linear-phase recursive digital filters

This letter describes the design by z plane methods of an attractive class of recursive digital filters. The computational economy achieved by recursive operation is further enhanced by the use of integer weighting coefficients, making the filters particularly suitable for online processing of sampled-data signals.