石墨烯和对称开口谐振环超材料中可调谐的双等离激元诱导透明现象

提出了由石墨烯和两对对称开口谐振环构成的等离激元诱导透明(PIT)超材料结构,该PIT超材料结构之间的耦合形式为暗-亮-暗模式.通过有限元方法模拟,观察到双PIT透明窗口,通过改变石墨烯的费米能级或者改变开口谐振环的几何参数来动态地调制PIT窗口.理论结果表明,当石墨烯与两对对称的开口谐振环之间的相互作用距离为0.5 μm、石墨烯费米能级为1.5 eV时,可得到最优的双透明窗口.双PIT效应在非线性器件、可调谐传感器、开关和慢光器件等方面有潜在的应用价值.     

石墨烯和对称开口谐振环超材料中可调谐的双等离激元诱导透明现象（英文）

提出了由石墨烯和两对对称开口谐振环构成的等离激元诱导透明(PIT)超材料结构,该PIT超材料结构之间的耦合形式为暗-亮-暗模式.通过有限元方法模拟,观察到双PIT透明窗口,通过改变石墨烯的费米能级或者改变开口谐振环的几何参数来动态地调制PIT窗口.理论结果表明,当石墨烯与两对对称的开口谐振环之间的相互作用距离为0.5μm、石墨烯费米能级为1.5eV时,可得到最优的双透明窗口.双PIT效应在非线性器件、可调谐传感器、开关和慢光器件等方面有潜在的应用价值.     

基于纳米金属-石墨烯耦合的多频段等离激元诱导透明

提出了基于银纳米棒、银纳米盘和石墨烯耦合的多频段等离激元诱导透明(PIT)电磁模型,通过时域有限差分和辐射双振荡器(RTO)模型从数值计算和理论研究两方面分析了模型的电磁特性.结果表明:由于银纳米棒与银纳米盘、银纳米棒与银纳米棒之间的明模-明模耦合,可以实现在单频段PIT效应的基础之上,进一步产生双频段和三频段的PIT效应.其次,通过改变石墨烯的化学电位势,可以在单频段、双频段和三频段PIT模型中同时实现谐振频率和透射振幅的可调性.当化学势增大时,各频段PIT窗口的谐振频率将会逐渐增大,发生蓝移.此外,随着化学势增加,银盘和银棒表面电荷数会不断增加、表面电场将不断增强.同时,银盘和银棒、银棒和银棒之间的耦合强度也将逐渐增强.因此,各频段PIT的透射振幅将会逐渐减小,振幅调制深度逐渐增大.进一步研究了单频段PIT模型的传感特性,该模型随背景材料折射率变化的灵敏度达到了3906.6 nm/RIU.这为多频带滤波、超灵敏传感器的设计提供了理论参考.     

基于石墨烯的光波导结构中的等离子体诱导透明研究

本文提出了两种新型的基于石墨烯的表面等离子体光波导(GSPW),结构由单层石墨烯直波导与侧耦合的石墨烯环形谐振腔和条形谐振腔构成,利用有限元法(finite element method,FEM)对GSPW中呈现出的等离子体诱导透明(plasmon induced transparency,PIT)现象及其慢光效应进行了研究,结果表明,传输谱中出现的PIT透明窗口峰值传输率可达到80%以上,而其两侧的传输谷值接近于0,并且PIT峰值附近的最大群折射率在112左右,具有很好的滤波特性与慢光特性。透明窗口在不改变几何结构的情况下还可通过石墨烯化学势的改变而动态调制,因此,该结构在今后基于石墨烯的高密度集成表面等离子体光波导器件的设计中具有重要的借鉴作用。     

基于石墨烯涂覆空心光纤电光调制特性的研究

设计了一种新型的石墨烯-空心光纤可调谐结构, 将石墨烯涂覆在空心光纤的空气孔内表面上, 利用有限元法研究了该结构的电光调制特性. 通过改变石墨烯的化学势可以调控光纤的相位和开关特性, 还可以调谐光纤损耗峰与次峰的位置、强度和宽度. 然而, 空气孔半径和石墨烯层数不会改变开关点和损耗峰与次峰的位置, 只会改变损耗差和损耗峰的强度和宽度, 而且由N 层石墨烯引起的损耗差是单层的N倍. 这是因为石墨烯的介电常数决定了光纤的有效折射率和损耗, 通过改变石墨烯的化学势可以改变石墨烯的介电常数, 而石墨烯的层数和空气孔半径却不会改变石墨烯的介电常数, 但是改变了石墨烯和光的作用强度. 经过参数优化之后, 我们提出一种基于五层石墨烯涂覆空心光纤的电吸收型调制器, 工作在1180–1760 nm波段, 具有小尺寸(5 mm×125 μm)、宽光带宽(580 nm)、高消光比(16 dB)、高调制带宽(64 MHz) 和低插入损耗(1.23 dB) 特性. 研究结果对基于石墨烯的可调谐光纤光子器件的设计和应用提供了理论参考.     

吸收波长和吸收效率可控的超材料吸收器

为了使超材料完美吸收器(metamaterial perfect absorber,MPA)能够同时实现吸收效率和吸收波长的控制,本文提出利用二氧化钒(VO2)和石墨烯作为MPA的材料,通过对MPA的结构设计,在红外波段实现了高吸收,吸收效率最高可达99%.研究发现通过改变VO2的温度和石墨烯的化学势,可同时实现MPA吸收效率和吸收波长的控制,吸收效率调制深度和吸收波长调谐范围分别可达97.08%和3.2μm.通过对MPA在吸收波长处的磁场分布分析可以得出,MPA能够产生高吸收是由于其形成了法布里-帕罗(Fabry-Pérot,FP)干涉腔共振,研究发现MPA的结构参数对FP腔的共振波长具有显著的影响.     

基于石墨烯表面等离激元的双支节结构光电调制器

构建了一种含双支节结构的石墨烯/介质/石墨烯亚波长波导结构。该结构将支节结构的选频特性和石墨烯的电可调特性相结合,能够实现在可见光到中红外范围内对入射光光强的动态调制。表面等离激元将光能量局限在纳米尺度的介质狭缝中,使调制器突破衍射极限,并且增强了石墨烯与光的相互作用。利用有限元法分析了石墨烯的化学势、支节长度以及介质材料对波导结构输出光强的影响。仿真结果表明:当入射波长为1550nm、支节长度为315nm、化学势由0.80eV下降到0.78eV时,消光比可达到6.77dB。与传统调制器相比,所提光电调制器能够在保证高消光比的同时具有较高的调制效率,并且体积小、结构简单紧凑,可满足大规模集成应用的要求。     

基于磁激元效应的石墨烯-金属纳米结构近红外吸收研究

石墨烯作为一种单层碳原子二维材料,在可见光和近红外波段吸收率只有2.3%左右,这限制了石墨烯在光电探测、光电调制等领域的应用.本文基于纳米超材料结构的磁激元共振效应,设计了一种金属-绝缘层-金属-石墨烯混合二维浅光栅结构,通过设计混合二维浅光栅结构尺寸来改变石墨烯化学势,实现了石墨烯在近红外波段的吸收增强和调制.利用有限元仿真和等效电路模型,系统地分析了非正入射、结构参数和石墨烯化学势对吸收特性的影响.研究结果表明,混合二维浅光栅结构的磁激元共振效应可以明显提升石墨烯在近红外波段的吸收率,并且对入射角度和极化方向不敏感.在特定结构参数下,混合二维浅光栅结构在1480nm处吸收率达到了85%,其中石墨烯的吸收率为55%,提升了24倍;通过调控石墨烯化学势从0.1eV增大到1.0eV,分别实现了不同结构尺寸下54.8%,50.3%,46.8%的反射率调制深度.     

波长可调谐的瓦级连续橙红光激光器

介绍了基于复合腔结构的全固态波长可调谐的连续橙红色激光的输出特性。该复合腔由一个使用周期极化晶体MgO:PPLN的信号光单谐振光参量振荡器和一个LD侧面泵浦Nd:GdVO₄晶体的1 062.9 nm基频光谐振腔构成。s-偏振1 062.9 nm泵浦光抽运单谐振光参量振荡器产生s-偏振信号光腔内独立振荡。通过复合腔结构的优化设计,使独立振荡的p-偏振1 062.9 nm基频光与s-偏振信号光在2个子腔的重叠区内通过Ⅱ类角度匹配KTP晶体的腔内和频过程获得橙红色激光。当MgO:PPLN晶体的调谐温度从30 ℃上升至200 ℃时,s-偏振信号光的中心波长产生红移,导致其与p-偏振1 062.9 nm基频光和频产生的橙红色激光的中心波长从620.2 nm红移至628.9 nm。同时测得中红外波段闲频光的中心波长从3 714.2 nm蓝移至3 438.3 nm。在30 ℃最低设定温度时, 中心波长620.2 nm的橙红色激光和中心波长3 714.2 nm的闲频光最大连续输出功率分别达到2.0 W和2.9 W。     

单到单和单到双信道皮秒脉冲全光波长转换的实验研究

基于周期极化反转铌酸锂（PPLN）光波导级联倍频和差频（SHG+DFG）的二阶非线性效应,提出并实验研究了皮秒脉冲的可调谐波长转换以及单信道到双信道的波长转换.信号光采用重复频率为40 GHz,脉宽为1.57 ps的脉冲信号.连续抽运光由光纤环形腔激光器（FRL）提供.不同于传统的SHG+DFG型波长转换,信号光固定在PPLN光波导倍频过程的准相位匹配（QPM）波长处,通过调节抽运光的波长实现了转换空闲光的可调谐输出.当使用两个抽运光时实验观察到了单信道到双信道的波长转换.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.