思维导图应用于大学有机化学学习

阐述思维导图应用于有机化学的理论基础,并以典型的有机合成题为例介绍如何利用思维导图进行有机化学学习。     

思维导图在物理化学教学中的应用

通过介绍思维导图的特征以及思维导图软件XMind的主要功能特点,阐述了思维导图应用于物理化学的理论基础。以XMind软件作为绘制工具,以"热力学第二定律"为例,探讨了将思维导图运用于单元总结中,在建构知识体系、把握知识脉络以及训练思维能力方面的有效作用。进一步以本章重要知识点"熵增加原理"为例,尝试思维导图在知识点的理解掌握、拓展应用等方面的具体应用。     

改革有机化学实验教学模式,强化学生独立创新意识

针对当前有机化学实验教学中存在的问题,探讨了实验教学过程中的一些改革措施。实践证明,将思维导图引入实验,有力强化了实验前的预习效果;将实验内容多样化,有效提高了学生的实验技能和创新能力;通过完善考核体系,更加客观地评价了学生分析和解决问题的能力。     

思维导图在高一化学教学中的应用研究——以人教版《化学1(必修)》第一章为例

以人教版高中《化学1(必修)》第一章教学为例,引导学生运用思维导图进行预习、听课和复习,探讨了思维导图在化学教学中的应用价值,并对思维导图在教学方面的应用前景作了展望。     

大学有机化学教学中类比思维的培养与实践

大学有机化学课程是培养类比思维的重要阵地之一。基于类比思维的内涵以及在有机化学学习中的重要作用，探讨了大学有机化学教学中对学生类比思维的培养和实践体会，希望提高学生有机化学学习效率，以及培养大学生解决新问题的创新思维能力。     

思维导图在结构化学课程教学中的应用与探索*

结合结构化学学科的自身特点以及学生对该学科的认识,探索用思维导图方法辅助结构化学的教学过程,将思维导图应用于结构化学教学中从而有助于学生形成逻辑严密、有机统一的量子理论知识结构体系,并且通过系统的调查问卷分析学生在学习过程中对思维导图的应用情况。     

思维导图在食品理化检测教学中的应用

从食品检测方法的分类、检测流程、检测标准选择,样品处理,宏观营养成分检测,微观营养物质分析等方面详细举例,分析了思维导图在食品理化检测技术课程中的应用。通过思维导图的13个应用实例和学习评价实践表明:在食品理化检测教学中应用思维导图,可以帮助学习者快速、准确掌握食品理化检测相关学习任务,掌握各类物质的检测技能,快速完成检测任务。     

有机化学在线课程建设*——基于“激越四段式”全在线教学模式

基于“激越四段式”全在线教学模式,以超星泛雅网络学习平台为课程建设平台,开展有机化学在线课程建设。每个单元由思维导图、引导案例、单元知识点、小组任务、知识拓展、单元作业等6个部分组成,各微知识点配备电子教材、微课视频、教学内容与讨论、知识点测验等4个板块。该在线课程可以满足学生多样化、层次化的个体和团队的自学需求,着重训练学生自主学习和探究性学习的能力。     

利用Word画图工具绘制化学思维导图

思维导图是利用“词汇”、“符号”、“图像”、“线条”、“颜色”的组合将大量复杂信息归纳分类形成具有关联性的知识网络结构的思维工具[1]。思维导图指实践主体运用图文并茂的技法把陈述性知     

宏观把握微观掌握──利用思维导图上好化学复习课

介绍了在化学复习课教学中,如何利用思维导图从课前、课中和课后3个阶段引导学生对知识进行系统化的整理,以形成知识体系,并从细节上把握各知识点的应用;同时探讨了思维导图在复习课教学方面的优势。     

充满生机和科学机遇的磷化学研究所

简要地综述了第十五届国际磷化学会议的报告内容，介绍了目前磷化学的主要 研究领域，包括不对称合成、配合化学，生物碱化学，药物化学，农业化学等相关 领域的研究动态及新进展。     

Novel arylpyridine‐based 1,3,4‐oxadiazoles: Synthesis,antibacterial, and anti‐inflammatory evaluation

In view of developing novel bioactive compounds, a series of 2‐(5‐[2‐methyl‐6‐arylpyridin‐3‐yl]‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2‐ylthio)‐1‐arylethanones (6a–n) were designed and synthesized in good yield. Novel compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory activities. All synthesized compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bascillus subtilis, Eschericia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Compounds 6a , 6b , 6c , 6h , and 6i displayed the highest antibacterial activity with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 6.25–12.5 μg/mL in comparison with the standard Ciprofloxacin. The results of anti‐inflammatory activity of carrageenan‐induced footpad edema assay indicated that tested compounds exhibited remarkable anti‐inflammatory activity with percentage of inhibition of 63.9–70.1% (potency 96.8–106.20% of indomethacin activity) after 3 hr. Particularly, 6c – e and 6j – l were found to be excellent inhibitors of inflammation, with potential higher than that of the standard, Indomethacin.     

Exploring recent developments on 1,2,4-triazole: Synthesis and biological applications

Triazoles are nitrogen-bearing heterocycles. In the last few decades, researchers have focused on fused heterocycles, as they have better pharmacological effect compared to triazoles alone. Among the two isomers of triazole, this article aims to explore the work carried out on 1,2,4-triazole and N-bridged heterocycles derived from 1,2,4-triazole in last 18 years, highlight different synthetic pathways, and present a brief summary of the different biological activities possessed by 1,2,4-triazole derivatives. The information collected in this article is expected to help researchers to discover novel therapeutic agents for better applications in the field of pharmaceutical science.     

Novel [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine derivatives embedded with benzimidazole moiety as potent antioxidants

Fourteen novel [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine derivatives bearing benzimidazole moiety ( 7a-n ) have been synthesized using the one-pot nitro reductive cyclization method. All the synthesized compounds were confirmed by ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR), ¹³C NMR, fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), mass spectrum, and elemental analyses. All the title compounds were subjected to in vitro antioxidant activity. The free radical scavenging activity of the compounds was examined using DPPH, nitric oxide, and superoxide radical scavenging methods. The results demonstrated that compound 3-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-propyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-5-yl)-6-4-tolyl-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine ( 7c ) was potent in scavenging both DPPH and nitric oxide radical with IC₅₀ values of 13.57 and 18.55 μg/ml when compared to the standard with IC₅₀ values of 23.75 and 23.14 μg/ml, respectively, which was due to the presence of electron-donating groups. The activity was found to decline when electron-donating groups were replaced by electron-withdrawing groups. Moderate scavenging activity was observed for the superoxide radical. Structure activity relationship and physiochemical properties were studied for all the derivatives.     

Dual zinc catalysts for L‐lactide polymerization and reaction of CO2 with cyclohexene oxide

A series of zinc complexes, [ L ^X ZnEt] ( 1–5 ) and [ L ^X Zn ₂ (OAc) ₃ ] (6–9) , associated with NNO‐tridentate Schiff base ligands (2‐(((2‐((cyclohexyl[methyl]amino)methyl)phenyl)imino)methyl)phenolate (CAP) derivatives), were synthesized, and their activity toward ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of L‐lactide (LA) and the reaction of CO₂ with cyclohexene oxide were also investigated. All of [ L ^X ZnEt] revealed excellent catalytic activity to ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of LA in the presence of benzyl alcohol. Among them, [ L ^H ZnEt] (1) showed the highest activity with 82% conversation within 45 s. In contrast, [L ^X Zn ₂ (OAc) ₃ ] (6–9) were inactive in ROP of L‐lactide. In addition, all of these Zn complexes demonstrated moderate activity in the reaction of CO₂ with cyclohexene oxide in the presence of Bu₄NCl.     

Biologically inspired 3Fe4S cluster as structural mimics of FeMoco M-cluster

A 3Fe4S cluster related to M-cluster of Mo-nitrogenase is reported. [K(THF)₅][Fe₃(μ-bdt)₂(μ-PPh₂)(CO)₅] ( 1 ) is synthesized from photo-assisted structural rearrangement of [K(THF)₂][(μ,κ²-bdt)Fe₂(μ-PPh₂)(CO)₅] under visible light irradiation. The molecular structure of 1 consists of a Fe₃ core bearing one dithiolate bridge and the second dithiolate group capping onto the metallic plane. The structural motif of 1 is analogous to that of Mo-participated 3Fe4S unit in M-cluster of Mo-nitrogenase, with the similar Fe-Fe and Fe-S bond distances. Upon protonation in 193 K, a Fe-hydride species ( 1H ) is generated and characterized to possess the bridging hydride group (δ = −12.57 ppm) by ¹H-NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculation. In CH₃CN solution, complex 1 exhibits a reversible reduction and oxidation process at $E_{1/2}^{\mathrm{red}}$ = −1.94 V and $E_{1/2}^{\mathrm{ox}}$ = −0.18 V, respectively, at 273 K. The reduction behavior of 1 in CH₂Cl₂ solution at 243 K displays a slight modification in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid, revealing a moderate anodic potential shift (~50 mV). The current amplitude of the reduction wave is linearly increased with the increasement of acid added, indicative of the catalytic event.     

环戊二烯类有机金属含硫族化学的新进展

本文系统地综述了环戊二烯类有机过渡金属含硫族(S, Se, Te) 化学领域的研究现状和进展。参考文献136 篇。     

化学学科的新视角及其在化学教育中的反映

传统化学以研究变化,关注变化前后的结果而著称。化学与其他学科,特别是生命科学的相互渗透使得化学的动态特征更加突出,化学学科格局也因之发生了变化。因此,化学需要新认识。     

Meeting the sustainable development goals in a tropical climate

This article reflects on the Federation of Asian Chemical Societies (FACS) Citation Award Lecture delivered in the Industrial Technology Research Institute Symposium on CO₂ Utilization and Green Technology during the 18th Asian Chemical Congress held in Taipei, December 12, 2019. Malaysia produces sizable amounts of palm oil and palm kernel oil, with palm fronds and tree trunks as the main waste. At the Malaysia Japan International Institute of Technology, the biomass was decomposed to produce fine chemicals, used as substrate for mushroom growth, and converted to bio-coke for heat energy. A notable difference has been found regarding the emission of greenhouse gases from a natural peat forest and those from the oil palm plantation converted from peatlands, where in the palm plantation, water table is lowered and aerobic processes occurs, resulting in more CO₂ being released compared to CH₄. The introduction of fertilizers to the plantation resulted in more N₂O being released. The team has also pioneered a project to plant temperate vegetables. Cooling pipes (16–18°C with circulating water cooled by chiller) were embedded within each thermal conditioning soil plot. Lettuce and radish, the experimental plants, showed good growth in the thermal conditioning soil due to nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which were destroyed at a higher temperature.     

The Chemistry of Protactinium

Protactinium exhibits an ambivalent chemical behavior. In non-aqueous solutions and in the solid state, both quadrivalent and quinquevalent protactinium has properties which characterize it as a typical actinide element. On the other hand, investigations in aqueous solution show quinquevalent protactinium to be a homologue of niobium and tantalum. It exhibits – except in hydrofluoric acid solutions – a marked tendency to undergo irreversible hydrolysis and condensation reactions, which leads to the situation that tracer amounts (ca. 10^?12 mole/l) and macroscopic amounts (10^?3–10^?6 mole/l) of protactinium often behave differently. Reduction with strong reducing agents gives aqueous solutions of Pa(IV), the properties of which again correspond in general to those of Th(IV) and show no relation to Nb(IV). Our knowledge of the chemical behavior of this rare radioelement has been advanced, in particular, by the production in 1958–1960 of 100 g of pure protactinium – the largest amount so far – from residues of the British production of uranium.