不锈钢衬底MgB2厚膜韧性的研究

我们用混和物理化学气相沉积法(HPCVD)在不锈钢衬底上原位制备了以MgB2厚膜(约10微米厚)为过渡层的MgB2超导厚膜(约20微米厚)样品,两层膜总厚约30微米.X光衍射实验表明过渡层为(101)取向的织构膜,表层MgB2超导厚膜接近多晶膜,但有较强(101)取向,两者均含有少量的Mg和MgO杂相.此超导厚膜样品的Tc(onset)=37.8K,Tc(zero)=36.6K,ΔT=1.2K.对此样品的弯曲实验表明,以曲率半径500微米弯曲到180°后,样品仍具有Tc(onset)=37.8K,Tc(zero)=36.4K的超导电性.样品剖面SEM观测表明该膜结构致密,表面厚膜层和过渡层之间连接紧密.样品表面的SEM观测表明虽然样品弯曲导致表面MgB2超导厚膜面出现了裂缝,甚至有小部分膜面的脱落,但过渡层始终紧紧附着在不锈钢衬底上.这表明过渡层MgB2厚膜的存在大大地提高样品整体的柔韧性,展现了不锈钢衬底上的MgB2厚膜超导带(线)巨大的开发潜力和诱人的广阔应用前景.     

初探混合物理化学气相沉积法(HPCVD)制备不锈钢衬底MgB2超导厚膜样品

介绍用混合物理化学气相沉积法(HPCVD)制备的不锈钢衬底MgB2超导厚膜样品.该样品的Tc(onset)=38K,Tc(0)=27K.X光衍射图形表明它是(101)方向织构的致密厚膜.这种膜具有较强的韧性,同时和衬底有高度的结合性.当其被弯曲到约200微米半径的弧度时,膜面会出现条状裂纹,但仍有少部分膜面未被破坏,保持完整,表现出较好的韧性.     

混合物理化学气相沉积法制备不锈钢衬底MgB2超导厚膜样品的韧度研究

我们用混合物理化学气相沉积法(HPCVD)制备了一批不锈钢衬底的MgB2超导厚膜样品,厚度在10～30μm间,Tc(onset)是37.8～37.2K,超导转变宽度ΔT在1.2K左右,是(101)方向织构的致密厚膜,并有少许MgO杂相.对样品进行弯折研究,随着弯曲角度的增加,膜面出现不同程度的条状裂纹,但仍能保持膜面的基本完整;虽然样品的超导起始转变温度降低、转变温区变宽,性能有所下降,但超导特性仍能保持在一个很好的水平上.这个结果表明了采用HPCVD方法制备不锈钢衬底带材将会很好地克服MgB2超导膜由于硬脆的性质而无法绕制磁体的问题,有着十分重要的应用意义.     

不同厚度的MgB_2超薄膜的制备和性质研究

本文报导了利用混合物理化学气相沉积法(Hybrid physical-chemical vapor deposition,HPCVD)在SiC(0001)衬底上制备干净的MgB2超薄膜.在背景气体压强、载气H2流量等条件一定的情况下,改变B2H6流量及沉积时间,制备不同厚度的MgB2超薄膜样品,并研究了超导转变温度Tc、剩余电阻率ρ(42K)、上临界场Hc2等与膜厚的关系.这系列超薄膜生长沿c轴外延,随膜厚度的变小Tc(0)降低,ρ(42K)升高.膜在衬底上的生长遵循Volmer-Weber岛状生长模式.对于10nm厚的膜,Tc(0)~32.4K,ρ(42K)~124.92μΩ·cm,其表面连接性良好,平均粗糙度为2.72nm,上临界磁场Hc2(0K)~12T,零场4K时的临界电流密度Jc~107A/cm2,为迄今为止所观测到的10nm厚MgB2超薄膜的最高Jc值,这也证明了10nm厚的MgB2膜在超导纳米器件上具有很强的应用潜力.     

混合物理化学气相沉积法(HPCVD)制备的MgB2超导厚膜样品的成分分析

本介绍了基于混合物理化学气相沉积法(HPCVD),以B2H6为硼源,在(000l)取向的Al2O3单晶衬底上,制备了MgB2超导体厚膜样品．该样品平均厚度约为40μm．其Tc(onset)=39K,Tc(0)=37．2K．X光衍射图显示该膜沿(101)方向生长,具有少量Mg和MgO杂相．SEM图像、X射线能量损失谱以及背散射电子衍射图证实了这两种杂相的存在,并显示该样品成分富镁．样品表面的镁与空气接触形成MgO膜,在一定程度上阻止了MgB2样品进一步被氧化．对于MgB2厚膜成膜过程及反应机理,我们提出了一种新的推断．     

(0001)SiC衬底MgB_2超薄膜的制备和性质研究

利用混合物理化学气相沉积法(Hybrid physical-chemical vapor deposition简称为(HPCVD)在(0001)SiC衬底上制备了干净的MgB2超导超薄膜.在背景气体、压强、载气氢气流量以及B2H6的流量一定的情况下,改变沉积时间,制得一系列MgB2超薄膜样品。通过观察样品的表面形貌变化探究了MgB2超薄膜的生长过程.该系列超薄膜的生长遵循Volmer-Weber岛状生长模式且沿c轴外延生长.以20nm超薄膜作为例子,可知其表面连接性良好,超导转变温度Tc(0)≈38.5K,临界电流密度Jc≈0.82×107 A/cm2,表明了利用HPCVD在(0001)SiC衬底上制备的MgB2超薄膜有很好的性能.这预示其在超导电子器件上具有广阔的应用前景.     

GdBa2Cu3O7超导薄膜在晶格失配的MgO衬底上的生长

我们采用直流磁控溅射快速原位处理的方法,在(100)MgO 衬底上制备了一系列的GdBa_2Cu_3O_7超导薄膜样品.我们发现,在800℃左右的衬底温度下制备的超导薄膜样品,为纯 C 轴垂直膜面生长的外延膜,(005)峰摇摆曲线的半高峰宽△ψ为0.4°—0.5°,但其零电阻转变温度 T_(co)只有84—85K,转变宽度ΔT_c 为1.5—2K.而在670℃左右衬底温度下制备的超导薄膜,有的为纯 c 轴垂直膜面生长的外延膜,有的为 c 轴垂直膜面取向为主,含少量(110)取向和 a 取向,(005)峰摇摆曲线的半高峰宽Δψ为0.6°—0.9°,但其零电阻转变温度 T_(co)达89—91K,转变宽度ΔT_c 为0.6—1K.     

纳米粒子在不锈钢衬底MgB2超导膜中的作用

我们用混合物理化学气相沉积法(hybrid physical-chernical vapor deposition简称为HPCVD)以氩气为背景气体,在不锈钢衬底上于不同条件下制备了一批MgB2超导薄膜样品.用扫描电子显微镜获取了相关的SEM图像,并对膜的成分进行了能谱分析(EDX)的.当把不锈钢衬底MgB2超导薄膜弯曲不同角度之后,膜面上均出现了裂纹.裂纹的数量和宽度随弯曲的角度的增大而增加,但是膜始终紧紧地覆着在衬底上不脱落.因此我们可以说覆着在不锈钢衬底上的MgB2超导薄膜具有了很好的韧性.在膜中我们也发现有大量的数十纳米大小的晶粒.这个尺寸的纳米粒子的作用可以用来平衡MgB2膜内结构和表面晶粒的活性之间的相互作用.MgB2纳米粒子的存在是MgB2超导膜表现出韧性的关键角色.     

高T_cNb-Ge超导膜的制备及分析

用直流吸气溅射法获得了Tc1)起始等于23K的Nb-Ge膜.对样品进行了分析,初步总结了高Tc-A15Nb3Ge的成相规律,对与Tc密切相关的因素进行了讨论. 引 言 很多A15型化合物具有超导电性且其超导转变温度Tc很高.1973年,Gavaler首次用直流低电压,高Ar气压力溅射法获得Tc起始温度为 22K的     

3英寸双面YBCO高温超导外延薄膜研究

本文采用倒筒直流溅射方法(ICS)结合基片变速双轴旋转方式原位生长Φ3英寸双面YBCO高温超导外延薄膜.膜厚分布最大偏差小于10%,薄膜样品的中心与边缘部分的Tc0均达到90K,ΔTc≤0.3K,FWHM(005)≈0.2°,Rs(10GHz,77K)≈0.8mΩ,Jc值分布在2.2～3.1MA*cm-2之间,表明样品均匀性良好.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.