昆明市炎症性肠病多中心临床资料分析

目的:回顾性调查昆明市近10年炎症性肠病(IBD)患者的发病状况.方法:调查1998年1月-2007年3月七家综合性医院430例住院IBD患者,其中溃疡性结肠炎(UC)379例,克罗恩病(CD)51例.接受结肠镜、组织病理学和钡剂灌肠检查者在UC和CD患者中分别为98.2%和56.2%、2.6%和72.5%、78.4%和31.4%.对IBD患者的年龄、性别、职业、临床表现、内镜和组织病理学检查结果进行分析.结果:UC患者平均年龄为(46.9±15.8)岁,以30～39岁和50～59岁年龄段患者最多,呈双峰状分布;CD患者平均年龄为(41.6±17.2)岁,以20～29岁年龄段患者最多.UC和CD患者均以男性为主,UC患者中脑力劳动者多见.UC患者以腹泻(302,79.7%)、腹痛(285,75.2%)、血便(290,76.5%)为主.CD患者常见腹痛(44,86.3%)、腹泻(28,54.9%)、体重减轻(28,54.9%).UC患者内镜检查、病理检查、钡剂灌肠诊断符合率分别为88.4%(329/372)、24.4%(52/213)、4/10,CD患者分别为86.5%(32/37)、27.5%(11/40)、75%(12/16).UC患者100%为活动期,其中轻、中、重度分别为38.3%、42.2%和19.5%.CD患者活动期占92.2%,缓解期占7.8%,其中轻、中、重度者分别为15.7%、43.1%41.2%.结论:了解10年来昆明市的IBD发病情况及临床特征将有助于临床诊断和治疗.     

溃疡性结肠炎相关腺瘤和结直肠癌回顾性临床病例分析

背景:研究表明溃疡性结肠炎(UC)患者发生结直肠癌的风险明显增加。目的:总结UC相关腺瘤和UC相关结直肠癌(UcCRC)的发病概况和临床病理特点。方法:选取2000年1月～2012年3月南京军区南京总医院住院确诊的UC患者603例,对其中UC相关腺瘤和UcCRC患者的性别、年龄、病程、临床症状、病理表现等临床资料进行回顾性分析经。结果:603例UC患者中,UC相关腺瘤28例,发病率为4.6%(28/603);UcCRC 4例,发病率为0.7%(4/603)。UC相关腺瘤患者的UC中位病程为3年,UcCRC患者的UC中位病程为29年。UC相关腺瘤好发部位依次为直肠/乙状结肠(16处)、降结肠(7处)、横结肠(6处)、升结肠以及回盲部(4处),UcCRC发病部位分别为升结肠(1例)、降结肠(2例)、乙状结肠(1例)。UC相关腺瘤和UcCRC的临床症状与一般UC相似。结论:UC相关腺瘤和UcCRC的发病率随UC病程的延长而增加。长期病程的UC患者应定期行结肠镜检查,对预防和早期检出结直肠癌具有积极意义。     

青年溃疡性结肠炎57例临床分析

目的 探讨住院青年溃疡性结肠炎(UC)患者的临床特点.方法 对我院2009年1月～2012年1月收治的57例青年UC患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 青年UC患者病变范围以全结肠为主,肠外表现发生率(43.9％,25/57)较中老年患者(23.8％,15/63)明显增高(P＜0.01).青年患者与中老年患者的病理表现比较差异无统计学意义.结论 青年UC患者临床表现相对较重,水杨酸制剂及糖皮质激素治疗效果与中老年组比较差异无统计学意义.     

缺血性结肠炎与溃疡性结肠炎的对比分析

目的:研究缺血性结肠炎(ischemic colitis,IC)与溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)临床及组织病理学的差异,有助两者的鉴别诊断,利于临床治疗.方法:收集20例IC和30例UC患者,对其临床及组织病理学等资料进行对比分析.结果:IC组发病时间[(5±7)d]明显较UC组发病时间[(953±1354)d]短.IC组中65%的患者伴有高血压、冠状动脉性心脏病、心房颤动、房性早搏、腹部手术史等疾病史中的一项或几项,明显高于UC组的20%;IC组以急性发病、腹痛(85%)、血便(60%)及腹泻(50%)多见,而UC且以腹痛(83%)、腹泻(63%)、黏液脓血便(57%)及里急后重(20%)为主要临床表现;在内镜表现方面,IC多以沿肠系膜侧分布的纵形溃疡为主(60%),且病变多仅累及肠腔的1/4～1/2周(80%),呈节段性分布(60%),与邻近正常黏膜分界清楚(75%),而UC则以弥漫性地图状溃疡为主(43%),病变多累及肠腔全周(90%),炎性息肉明显多见(37%).在组织病理学方面,血管扩张充血(90%)、间质严重水肿(95%)在IC中多见,血管壁增厚(50%)是其特征性表现,隐窝脓肿(47%)则在UC中多见.两组以上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:组织病理学特点、肠镜下表现以及患者临床特征的差异,为IC和UC的鉴别提供了有力依据.     

溃疡性结肠炎感染巨细胞病毒的危险因素、临床特征、临床结局分析

目的分析溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)感染巨细胞病毒(Cytomegalovirus,CMV)的风险因素、临床特征及临床结局。方法以攀枝花市第二人民医院2013年5月-2015年5月收治的192例UC患者为研究对象,按照其CMV感染情况分为感染组、未感染组,比较两组患者临床特征、临床结局,分析UC感染CMV的风险因素。结果 192例UC患者中,共检出CMV感染者49例,感染率25.52%。感染组和未感染组好转率分别为55.10%、79.02%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。多因素回归分析示,病程≥12个月、白蛋白≥30 g/L、血红蛋白≥100 g/L是UC感染CMV的保护因素,深大溃疡、发病前1个月内使用糖皮质激素是UC感染CMV的独立危险因素(P0.05)。结论病程较长,白蛋白、血红蛋白水平较高的UC患者,其CMV感染风险较低,深大溃疡、发病前1个月内使用糖皮质激素者CMV感染风险较高,且预后较差,应重视UC患者CMV感染的预防及抗病毒治疗。     

Localization of insulinoma before surgery——119 cases report

目的 提高对胰岛素瘤术前定位诊断的准确率.方法 同顾性分析解放军总医院1985年1月至2008年4月入院的1 19例胰岛素瘤患者的临床资料.结果 全组病例共100例行手术治疗,98%(98/100)病例绛病理检查确诊为胰岛素瘤.术前各项定位检查的阳性率:B超22.9%(17/74),CT 55.2%(48/87),磁共振(MRI)58.8%(10/17),数字减影血管造影(DSA)76.6%(49/64),内镜超声(EUS)93.3%(42/45),超声造影(UC)94.7%(18/19).每项检查的准确率:B超88.2%(15/17),CT 87.5%(42/48),MRI 90.0%(9/10),DSA 100.0%(49/49),EUS 85.7%(36/42),UC 83.3%(15/18).术前有1～3项定位检查阳性,定位准确率分别为88.9%(24/27)、96.9%(32/33)及94.7%(18/19).手术组中,63例行CT和B超检查,阳性率47.6%(30/63);53例行CT和DSA检查,阳性率为75.5%(40/53);37例行CT和EUS检查,阳性率为89.2%(33/37);31例行EUS和DSA检查,阳性率为90.0%(28/31);14例行DSA和UC检查,阳性率为78.6%(11/14);13例行CT和UC检查,阳性率92.3%(12/13);11例行EUS和UC检查,阳性率90.9%(10/11).结论 术前有2项以上相符合的定位榆查,能大大提高胰岛素瘤术前定位诊断的准确率.以CT、DSA、EUS和UC中的两种组合阳性率较高.兼顾费用和检查的创伤,推荐采用CT、EUS和UC中的两种组合定位.     

胰岛素瘤术前定位分析——119例报告

目的 提高对胰岛素瘤术前定位诊断的准确率.方法 同顾性分析解放军总医院1985年1月至2008年4月入院的1 19例胰岛素瘤患者的临床资料.结果 全组病例共100例行手术治疗,98%(98/100)病例绛病理检查确诊为胰岛素瘤.术前各项定位检查的阳性率:B超22.9%(17/74),CT 55.2%(48/87),磁共振(MRI)58.8%(10/17),数字减影血管造影(DSA)76.6%(49/64),内镜超声(EUS)93.3%(42/45),超声造影(UC)94.7%(18/19).每项检查的准确率:B超88.2%(15/17),CT 87.5%(42/48),MRI 90.0%(9/10),DSA 100.0%(49/49),EUS 85.7%(36/42),UC 83.3%(15/18).术前有1～3项定位检查阳性,定位准确率分别为88.9%(24/27)、96.9%(32/33)及94.7%(18/19).手术组中,63例行CT和B超检查,阳性率47.6%(30/63);53例行CT和DSA检查,阳性率为75.5%(40/53);37例行CT和EUS检查,阳性率为89.2%(33/37);31例行EUS和DSA检查,阳性率为90.0%(28/31);14例行DSA和UC检查,阳性率为78.6%(11/14);13例行CT和UC检查,阳性率92.3%(12/13);11例行EUS和UC检查,阳性率90.9%(10/11).结论 术前有2项以上相符合的定位榆查,能大大提高胰岛素瘤术前定位诊断的准确率.以CT、DSA、EUS和UC中的两种组合阳性率较高.兼顾费用和检查的创伤,推荐采用CT、EUS和UC中的两种组合定位.     

Localization of insulinoma before surgery——119 cases report

目的 提高对胰岛素瘤术前定位诊断的准确率.方法 同顾性分析解放军总医院1985年1月至2008年4月入院的1 19例胰岛素瘤患者的临床资料.结果 全组病例共100例行手术治疗,98%(98/100)病例绛病理检查确诊为胰岛素瘤.术前各项定位检查的阳性率:B超22.9%(17/74),CT 55.2%(48/87),磁共振(MRI)58.8%(10/17),数字减影血管造影(DSA)76.6%(49/64),内镜超声(EUS)93.3%(42/45),超声造影(UC)94.7%(18/19).每项检查的准确率:B超88.2%(15/17),CT 87.5%(42/48),MRI 90.0%(9/10),DSA 100.0%(49/49),EUS 85.7%(36/42),UC 83.3%(15/18).术前有1～3项定位检查阳性,定位准确率分别为88.9%(24/27)、96.9%(32/33)及94.7%(18/19).手术组中,63例行CT和B超检查,阳性率47.6%(30/63);53例行CT和DSA检查,阳性率为75.5%(40/53);37例行CT和EUS检查,阳性率为89.2%(33/37);31例行EUS和DSA检查,阳性率为90.0%(28/31);14例行DSA和UC检查,阳性率为78.6%(11/14);13例行CT和UC检查,阳性率92.3%(12/13);11例行EUS和UC检查,阳性率90.9%(10/11).结论 术前有2项以上相符合的定位榆查,能大大提高胰岛素瘤术前定位诊断的准确率.以CT、DSA、EUS和UC中的两种组合阳性率较高.兼顾费用和检查的创伤,推荐采用CT、EUS和UC中的两种组合定位.     

Localization of insulinoma before surgery——119 cases report

目的 提高对胰岛素瘤术前定位诊断的准确率.方法 同顾性分析解放军总医院1985年1月至2008年4月入院的1 19例胰岛素瘤患者的临床资料.结果 全组病例共100例行手术治疗,98%(98/100)病例绛病理检查确诊为胰岛素瘤.术前各项定位检查的阳性率:B超22.9%(17/74),CT 55.2%(48/87),磁共振(MRI)58.8%(10/17),数字减影血管造影(DSA)76.6%(49/64),内镜超声(EUS)93.3%(42/45),超声造影(UC)94.7%(18/19).每项检查的准确率:B超88.2%(15/17),CT 87.5%(42/48),MRI 90.0%(9/10),DSA 100.0%(49/49),EUS 85.7%(36/42),UC 83.3%(15/18).术前有1～3项定位检查阳性,定位准确率分别为88.9%(24/27)、96.9%(32/33)及94.7%(18/19).手术组中,63例行CT和B超检查,阳性率47.6%(30/63);53例行CT和DSA检查,阳性率为75.5%(40/53);37例行CT和EUS检查,阳性率为89.2%(33/37);31例行EUS和DSA检查,阳性率为90.0%(28/31);14例行DSA和UC检查,阳性率为78.6%(11/14);13例行CT和UC检查,阳性率92.3%(12/13);11例行EUS和UC检查,阳性率90.9%(10/11).结论 术前有2项以上相符合的定位榆查,能大大提高胰岛素瘤术前定位诊断的准确率.以CT、DSA、EUS和UC中的两种组合阳性率较高.兼顾费用和检查的创伤,推荐采用CT、EUS和UC中的两种组合定位.     

Localization of insulinoma before surgery——119 cases report

目的 提高对胰岛素瘤术前定位诊断的准确率.方法 同顾性分析解放军总医院1985年1月至2008年4月入院的1 19例胰岛素瘤患者的临床资料.结果 全组病例共100例行手术治疗,98%(98/100)病例绛病理检查确诊为胰岛素瘤.术前各项定位检查的阳性率:B超22.9%(17/74),CT 55.2%(48/87),磁共振(MRI)58.8%(10/17),数字减影血管造影(DSA)76.6%(49/64),内镜超声(EUS)93.3%(42/45),超声造影(UC)94.7%(18/19).每项检查的准确率:B超88.2%(15/17),CT 87.5%(42/48),MRI 90.0%(9/10),DSA 100.0%(49/49),EUS 85.7%(36/42),UC 83.3%(15/18).术前有1～3项定位检查阳性,定位准确率分别为88.9%(24/27)、96.9%(32/33)及94.7%(18/19).手术组中,63例行CT和B超检查,阳性率47.6%(30/63);53例行CT和DSA检查,阳性率为75.5%(40/53);37例行CT和EUS检查,阳性率为89.2%(33/37);31例行EUS和DSA检查,阳性率为90.0%(28/31);14例行DSA和UC检查,阳性率为78.6%(11/14);13例行CT和UC检查,阳性率92.3%(12/13);11例行EUS和UC检查,阳性率90.9%(10/11).结论 术前有2项以上相符合的定位榆查,能大大提高胰岛素瘤术前定位诊断的准确率.以CT、DSA、EUS和UC中的两种组合阳性率较高.兼顾费用和检查的创伤,推荐采用CT、EUS和UC中的两种组合定位.     

Change of clinical characteristics of ulcerative colitis in Japan: analysis of 844 hospital-based patients from 1981 to 2000

BACKGROUND: Although the number of ulcerative colitis patients has increased rapidly in Japan, few reports have been published regarding their clinical aspects. We investigated the clinical characteristics and chronological change of ulcerative colitis in Japanese patients. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with ulcerative colitis during the period from 1981 to 2000 were registered and their clinical profiles were analyzed. The chronological changes in clinical aspects, such as onset age, sex distribution, severity, extent of disease, clinical course, and corticosteroid use, were also determined. RESULTS: A total of 844 patients were registered, composed of 431 men and 413 women, with a median onset age of 34 years. The proportion of mild colitis and proctitis was significantly larger in patients with an onset at over 60 years of age, relative to those with an onset at less than 30 years (P<0.016). The proportion of ulcerative colitis patients with old age onset (P=0.09), male sex (P<0.01), mild colitis (P<0.01), proctitis (P<0.01), one-attack-only type (P<0.01), and not-treated-with-corticosteroid (P<0.01) demonstrated a chronological increase from 1981 to 2000. CONCLUSIONS: The distinctive clinical features and chronological change were seen in Japanese ulcerative colitis patients in recent years. Our data can help understand clinical aspects of ulcerative colitis patients in Asia, where the incidence of ulcerative colitis is still increasing.     

327例溃疡性结肠炎临床特征分析

背景：近年我国溃疡性结肠炎（UC）患病率有逐渐增加的趋势。目的：探讨我国UC的发病特点，指导临床治疗。方法：对1978年4月～2006年6月在北京军区总医院消化内科内镜中心确诊为UC的病例进行回顾性分析。结果：327例患者中。男女之比为1．7：1，中位年龄为40岁，平均病程3．1年。UC患者的黏液血便发生率最高（71.3％）．其次为腹泻（53．8％）和腹痛（52.3％）。病变以直乙结肠炎（29．1％）和直肠炎（21．1％）为主。临床分型以初发型（44．4％）和慢性复发型（36．4％）为主，其次为慢性持续型（16．4％），暴发型仅占2．8％。病情以轻度（33．6％）和中度（48.3％）为主，重度仅占18．0％。治疗药物主要为单纯5-氨基水杨酸类药物（41．5％）和5-氨基水杨酸类药物联用糖皮质激素（37．0％）．单纯内科治疗的有效率为94．1％，无效7例（5．2％），死亡1例（0．7％）。结论：我国UC患者的特点与国外报道存在一定的差异，主要表现是以直乙结肠炎为主，轻中度病变居多，肠外表现和并发症较少。大多数轻中度UC患者以局部病变为主，且局部治疗效果较好，重度UC患者多为全结肠炎，以全身治疗为主；需行结肠切除、癌变和死亡病例少见．     

溃疡性结肠炎的内镜特点和临床分析

目的 总结溃疡性结肠炎(UC)的临床特点及内镜下表现。方法 收集1975年至2001年经结肠镜检查及病理确诊的UC患者的相关资料，其中1975—1994年组有486例，1995—2001年组490例，观察其临床特点及内镜表现。确诊靠病理活检。结果 在1975—1994年和1995—2001年两组中，经结肠镜检查确诊的UC患者占同期结肠镜的总数从3．51％上升至4．44％，男女之比分别为1．67和1．25，平均发病年龄从42．4岁上升至51．5岁，高峰年龄段分别是30—49岁和40—49，≥60岁。临床主要表现为黏液脓血便、腹泻、腹痛等，病变范围：直肠及乙状结肠炎占55．4％和64．5％，左半结肠炎占17.3％和13．9％，全结肠炎占11．9％和14．3％。分别有89．9％和90．4％的患者病程小于10年。结论 UC的发病例数有所增加，病变主要以左半结肠为主，病程短，发病年龄相对较大，癌症发生率及并发症低。结肠镜及活检是诊断UC的主要方法。     

上海地区老年溃疡性结肠炎患者临床特点的初步探讨

目的 探讨上海地区老年溃疡性结肠炎(UC)患者与非老年患者临床特点之间的差异,为提高对老年UC患者的诊治水平提供经验.方法 回顾性分析上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院1998年至2009年214例UC患者的临床资料及内镜学资料,通过自设量表建立数据库,以发病年龄≥60岁作为分组标准,分为老年组28例和非老年组186例.计数资料组间比较采用卡方检验,计量资料采用t检验、方差分析或非参数检验,采用Logistic回归分析进行危险因素分析.结果 上海地区UC发病年龄高峰为40～49岁,老年患者占13.08%.两组患者在主要临床表现、合并症、临床评分、内镜评分方面差异无统计学意义.老年患者在活动期外周血血小板计数增高者(75%)较非老年组(29%)为多(F=4.4,P=0.043),但增高幅度不如非老年患者明显(Z=-2.6,P=0.008).老年患者结肠病变范围较局限,以累及脾曲以下者多见(F=5.8,P=0.012).中重度老年患者采用糖皮质激素治疗者(28.6%)较非老年患者(55.7%)少见(F=7.7,P=0.007).两组死亡率分别为20.83%和2.94%.老年患者因UC死亡率显著增高(F=12.8,P=0.008).结论 老年UC患者与非老年患者相比,在实验室检查、结肠累及范围、治疗用药、预后等方面均体现出一定差异.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics between elderly and non-elderly patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) in Shanghai, so as to improve the diagnosis and management of the disease. Methods The clinical and endoscopic data from 214 patients with UC,who were admitted to Shanghai Ruijin Hospital between 1998 and 2009,were retrospectively analyzed. The database was established and according to onset age,the patients were divided into elderly group (n= 28, ≥60 years of age) and non-elderly group (n = 128, ＜60 years of age), The comparisons between two groups were performed using Chi square test for non-quantitative variables, and student's t test and nonparametric tests for quantitative variables. Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factor.Results Onset peak of UC was found in patients ranged from 40 to 49 years of age, and elderly patients were accounted for 13.08 % in Shanghai. There was no significant difference between two groups with respect to clinical manifestation, complications, Truelove and Witts criteria index, or endoscopic score. In active phase, elevated peripheral platelet counts were seen in more elderly patients than those in non-elderly patients (75% vs 29%, F= 4. 4, P= 0. 043). However, high level of peripheral platelet was found in non-elderly patients (Z= -2.6, P=0. 008). Endoscopic examination revealed that the colonic lesion in elderly patients was limited and was more common in left-sided colon and protosigmoid (F=5. 8, P = 0. 012). More non-elderly patients were treated with steroid in comparison to elderly patients with mild or severe UC (28. 6% vs 55.7%, F=7.7,P=0. 007). In addition, the high mortality was found in elderly patients when compared with non-elderly patients (20.8 % vs 2.84%, F= 12. 8, P = 0. 008). Conclusion The differences existed between elderly and non-elderly UC patients with respect to clinical manifestation, lab investigation, involved extent of colon, medication and prognosis.     

Cigarette smoking and age at diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease

OBJECTIVES: The incidence and age of onset of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) appear to be changing. The aim of this study was to determine whether the prevalence of cigarette smoking differs among patients with Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) at the time of diagnosis compared with the general population and whether smoking history is related to the type and age of IBD onset. METHODS: Prevalence rates of smoking at the time of IBD diagnosis were compared between patients with CD and UC from the IBD Center at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center versus age-, gender-, and time period-adjusted rates in the Pennsylvania general population. Analyses also were stratified by gender and diagnoses before and after 40 years of age, i.e., early and late onset. RESULTS: There were 263 IBD patients (144 UC patients and 119 CD patients) seen in the IBD center between August 2000 and December 2002. The prevalence of active smoking was significantly higher at diagnosis in CD patients compared with the Pennsylvania general population (33% versus 24%, P = 0.04), particularly in those with CD onset at 40 years of age or later (47% versus 27%, P = 0.005). In contrast, smoking prevalence was significantly lower in UC patients than the general population (9% versus 28%, P < 0.0001), particularly among those with UC onset before the age of 40 years (6% versus 27%, P < 0.0001). Smoking cessation was associated with an approximate, but nonsignificant, 3-fold higher likelihood of late-onset UC compared with CD. CONCLUSIONS: Cigarette smoking is associated with the development of late-onset CD and is protective against developing UC at any age, particularly early onset. Former smoking is associated with a high likelihood of developing late-onset UC, but not CD.     

Epidemiology of inflammatory bowel diseases in the elderly in the province of Liège

OBJECTIVE: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are heterogeneous diseases which affect preferentially young adults. The late onset could represent a particular form of expression of these diseases. The aim of our prospective study was to describe the incidence of IBD in patients older than 60 years as well as their clinical pattern in comparison with a population younger than 60.METHODS: A standardized questionnaire for each new case diagnosed in the province of Liège between 01/06/1993 and 31/05/1996 was completed.RESULTS: During the three years, 270 patients were enrolled. In group IBD > 60 years old, there were 60 new cases, including 23 cases with Crohn's disease (CD) (38%), 30 with ulcerative colitis (UC) (50%), and 7 with undetermined colitis (IC) (12%). The proportion of CD was significantly lower in the group IBD > 60 years old than in the group<60 (114 CD (54%), 81 UC (39%) and 15 IC (7%); P=0.04).The annual incidence tended to be higher for UC than for CD in group IBD > 60 (4.5 and 3.5 per 100,000, respectively) while it was the contrary in younger patients (3.4 and 4.8 per 100,000, respectively). There was no striking difference in the clinical features for both diseases in the two groups, except more frequent diarrhea, weight loss and extraintestinal symptoms in CD patients<60 years old.CONCLUSIONS: In the province of Liège, the incidence of IBD in people older than 60 years is high. IBD in the elderly is characterized by a lower proportion of CD than in the younger population. Clinical features tend to be the same whatever the age at diagnosis for each disease.     

Primary sclerosing cholangitis associated colitis: Characterization of clinical,histologic features,and their associations with liver transplantation

BACKGROUND Primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC) associated inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) is a unique form of IBD(PSC-IBD) with distinct clinical and histologic features from ulcerative colitis(UC) and Crohn disease(CD). In patients with PSC and IBD, the severity of the two disease processes may depend on each other.AIM To study the histologic and clinical features of PSC patients with and without IBD.METHODS We assessed specimens from patients with UC(n = 28), CD(n = 10), PSC and UC(PSC-UC; n = 26); PSC and CD(PSC-CD; n = 6); and PSC and no IBD(PSC-no IBD; n = 4) between years 1999-2013. PSC-IBD patients were matched to IBD patients without PSC by age and colitis duration. Clinical data including age, gender, age at IBD and PSC diagnoses, IBD duration, treatment, follow-up, orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT) were noted.RESULTSPSC-UC patients had more isolated right-sided disease(P = 0.03), and less active inflammation in left colon, rectum(P = 0.03 and P = 0.0006), and overall(P = 0.0005) compared to UC. They required less steroids(P = 0.01) and fewer colectomies(P = 0.03) than UC patients. The PSC-CD patients had more ileitis and less rectal involvement compared to PSC-UC and CD. No PSC-CD patients required OLT compared to 38% of PSC-UC(P = 0.1). PSC-IBD(PSC-UC and PSCCD) patients with OLT had severe disease in the left colon and rectum(P = 0.04).CONCLUSION PSC-UC represents a distinct form of IBD. The different disease phenotype in PSC-IBD patients with OLT may support liver-gut axis interaction, however warrants clinical attention and further research.     

老年与非老年溃疡性结肠炎患者直肠肛门运动及直肠感觉功能对比分析

目的 探讨老年溃疡性结肠炎(UC)患者肛门直肠运动及直肠感觉变化特点.方法 采用瑞典CTD-SYNECTICS公司生产的PC-Polygraf HR高分辨多道胃肠功能消化道检测仪,对35例非老年UC及19例老年UC患者肛门直肠动力和直肠感觉功能进行检测,并与20例非老年健康人和28例老年健康人进行比较.结果 (1)肛门静息压、括约肌压力、肛门括约肌最大缩窄压,老年UC组与相应对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(t值分别为1.311、1.298、1.401,P＞0.05);增加腹压时,老年UC组肛门括约肌净增压为(2.8±1.1)kPa,低于相应对照组的(3.8±1.2)kPa,差异有统计学意义(t=2.238,P＜0.05).(2)直肠对容量刺激的最低敏感量、最大耐受性和顺应性,老年UC组为(85±30)ml、(180±69)ml和(26.5±8.8)ml/kPa,低于老年对照组的(95±31)ml、(205±78)ml和(32.9±12.9)ml/kPa,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为3.121、3.135、3.146,P＜0.01).(3)直肠对容量刺激的最低敏感量、最大耐受性、顺应性,老年UC组均高于非老年UC组(t值分别为2.246、2.239、2.240,P＜0.05);直肠最低敏感量、最大耐受性老年对照组高于非老年对照组(t值分别为2.238,2.301,P＜0.05).结论 UC患者存在肛门直肠运动异常,肛门自控能力减弱;UC患者直肠对容量刺激存在高敏感、低耐受、低顺应性现象.健康老年人直肠对容量刺激的感受阈较高,老年UC患者对容量扩张刺激敏感性比非老年UC患者弱.     

丙氨酸转移酶升高的2型糖尿病患者伴有更多的心血管风险因素

根据血丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)水平将4 509例2型糖尿病患者分为A组(n=449,ALT增高)和B组(n=4 060,ALT正常),ALT升高的患者为10%.与B组患者相比,A组患者相对年龄更轻[(48.5±11.3对55.7±11.4)岁,P＜0.01]、糖尿病病程更短[(36.8±45.0对56.2±58.8)个月,P＜0.01]、体重指数以及腰臀比更大[(27.7±3.9对25.8±3.4)kg/m2,P＜0.01;0.95±0.06对0.93±0.07,P＜0.01].两组之间的血压存在差别[收缩压(132±19对131±21)mm Hg,1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa,P=0.60;舒张压(78±10对75±10)mm Hg,P＜0.01].A组的空腹血糖[(9.04±2.91对8.63±3.05)mmol/L,P=0.008]、餐后血糖[(13.85±4.67对13.07±4.92)mmol/L,P=0.002]、HbA1C(8.11%±1.82%对7.74%±1.96%,P＜0.01)、空腹胰岛素[(10.59±7.31对7.97±7.18)mU/L,P＜0.01]和餐后胰岛素[(48.96±43.80对35.25±32.37)mU/L,P＜0.01]及稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR,4.11±2.85对3.00±2.92,P＜0.01)、甘油三酯[(2.77±2.50对2.19±2.99)mmoL/L,P＜0.01]明显增高,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇[HDL-C,(1.20±0.30对1.29±0.83)mmol/L,P=0.01]更低.Logistic回归分析说明,HbA1C、餐后胰岛素、HOMA-IR、尿酸和尿白蛋白与ALT水平正相关,HDL-C则为负相关.提示ALT增高的2型糖尿病患者发病年龄更轻,有更严重的胰岛素抵抗和更多的心血管危险因素.     

Appendix is a priming site in the development of ulcerative colitis

AIM: The role of the appendix has been highlighted in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). The aims of this study were to elucidate the immuno-imbalances in the appendix of UC patients, and to clarify the role of the appendix in the development of UC. METHODS: Colonoscopic biopsy specimens of the appendix, transverse colon, and rectum were obtained from 86 patients with UC: active pancolitis (A-Pan; n = 15), active left-sided colitis (A-Lt; n = 25), A-Lt with appendiceal involvement (A-Lt/Ap; n = 10), inactive pancolitis (I-Pan; n = 14), and inactive left-sided colitis (I-Lt; n = 22), and from controls. In the isolated mucosal T cells, the CD4/CD8 ratio and proportion of activated CD4+ T cells were investigated, and compared with controls. RESULTS: In the appendix, the CD4/CD8 ratio significantly increased in A-Lt and A-Lt/Ap. The ratio in the appendix also tended to increase in A-Pan. In the rectum, the ratio significantly increased in all UC groups. In the appendix, the proportion of CD4+CD69+ (early activation antigen) T cells significantly increased in all UC groups. In the rectum, the proportion of CD4+CD69+ T cells significantly increased only in A-Pan. The proportion of CD4+HLA-DR+ (mature activation antigen) T cells significantly increased only in the rectum of A-Pan, but not in the other areas of any groups. CONCLUSION: The increased CD4/CD8 ratio and predominant infiltration of CD4+CD69+ T cells in the appendix suggest that the appendix is a priming site in the development of UC.