不对称取代双(吡唑)甲烷VIB羰基金属化合物的合成及表征

3-苯基吡唑与二溴甲烷在相转移催化下反应,得到(3-苯基吡唑-5'-苯基吡唑)甲烷(1)和双(3-苯基吡唑)甲烷(2)的混合物.当该混合配体与M(CO)₆(M=Cr,Mo,W)在光照下反应时,分离得到了不对称取代的(3-苯基吡唑-5'-苯基吡唑)甲烷四羰基铬(3),钼⑷和钨(5).用X-射线衍射测定了化合物5的晶体结构.结果表明,该晶体属于单斜晶系,P2(1)/n空间群,a=1.7976(7) rnn,b=1.3210(5) nm, c=1.8681(7) nm;β=98.293(8)°, V=4.390(3) nm³, Z=8,最终结构偏离因子[I>2σ(I)]=0.0516, Rw=0.0898, GOF=0.879.两个苯基分别处于两个吡唑的3位及5'位.     

乙烯基锡修饰的双吡唑甲烷第六族金属羰基化合物的合成与反应

通过双吡唑基甲基锂与二苯基乙烯基碘化锡的反应, 合成了桥头碳上带有乙烯基锡修饰的双吡唑甲烷配体。在回流的THF中这些乙烯基锡修饰的双吡唑甲烷配体(R3SnCHPz2, R3Sn为三乙烯基锡或二苯基乙烯基锡;Pz代表取代吡唑)与M(CO)5THF (M = Mo或W)反应产生杂双金属化合物R3SnCHPz2M(CO)3。在这些化合物中,一个乙烯基以h2方式配位到金属钼或钨上,双吡唑甲烷表现为一个三齿k3-(p,N,N)配体。(CH2=CH)3SnCH(3,5-Me2Pz)2W(CO)3和Ph2(CH2=CH)SnCH(3,5-Me2Pz)2W(CO)3与I2的反应也被研究。前者给出化合物CH2(3,5-Me2Pz)2W(CO)4,而后者随着有机锡的丢失产生四元金属杂环化合物CH(3,5-Me2Pz)2W(CO)3I。用PhSNa处理该四元金属杂环化合物导致碘负离子被取代,得到化合物CH(3,5-Me2Pz)2W(CO)3SPh。     

双(3,5-二甲基-4-苄基吡唑)甲烷ⅥB族羰基化合物的合成及反应

通过 3 ,5 -二甲基 -4-苄基吡唑与二溴甲烷在相转移催化下反应 ,合成了一个新的多吡唑烷配体双 (3 ,5 -二甲基 -4-苄基吡唑 )甲烷 .该配体与 M(CO) 6 (M=Cr,Mo,W)在光照下反应可以得到双 (3 ,5 -二甲基 -4-苄基吡唑 )甲烷四羰基铬 (2 )、钼 (3 )和钨 (4 ) .用 Sn Cl4 处理化合物 3和 4可以高产率地制得含 Mo(W)— Sn键的杂双金属配合物 .用 X射线衍射法测定了化合物 4与 Sn Cl4 反应产物 6的晶体结构 .结果表明 ,该晶体属三斜晶系 ,P1空间群 ,晶胞参数 a=1 .0 92 9(9) nm,b=1 .2 82 (1 ) nm,c=1 .2 82 (1 ) nm,α=1 0 2 .3 5 (1 )°,β=1 0 8.62 (1 )°,γ=97.0 0 (1 )°,V=1 .799(3 ) nm3,Z=2 ,最终结构偏离因子 R=0 .0 5 8,w R=0 .1 0 1 5 ,GOF=0 .90 5 .六元金属杂环 W— N— N— C— N— N为船式构象 ,分子中没有氯桥存在 .     

有机锡修饰的双吡唑甲烷及其与W(CO)5THF的反应

通过双吡唑甲基锂(LiCHPz₂)与有机锡卤化物(R₃SnX)的反应合成了一系列有机锡修饰的双吡唑甲烷配体(R₃SnCHPz₂).由于锡上取代基的不同,这些配体与W(CO)₅THF反应时表现出了不同的反应方式.三芳基锡修饰的双吡唑甲烷与W(CO)₅THF反应发生Sn-C(sp₃)键对W(0)中心的氧化加成;而三苄基锡修饰的双吡唑甲烷与其反应时仅给出羰基取代产物[Bz₃SnCHPz₂W(CO)₄].另外,二苯基苄基锡以及三(2-苯基-2-甲基丙基)锡修饰的双吡唑甲烷配体类似的反应导致配体的分解,产生单吡唑配体取代的羰基钨衍生物[W(CO)₅PzH]以及脱有机锡的双吡唑甲烷四羰基钨衍生物[CH₂Pz₂W(CO)₄].     

η6-苊烯三羰基铬配合物的合成、结构及光谱性质研究

采用苊烯配体与三胺基三羰基铬在四氢呋喃中回流反应,合成了η6-苊烯三羰基铬配合物.通过元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS和X射线单晶衍射对其结构进行了表征,比较了标题配合物与其自由配体的光物理行为.晶体结构分析表明,标题配合物属单斜晶系,空间群P21/c,Z=4,a=0.8719(7)nm,b=1.2436(10)nm,c=1.1504(9)nm,β=111.835(13)°,Cr(CO)3基团可与苊烯配体中的2个苯环中的任意一个配位,形成2个异构体(R,S),并以1:1的比例在其晶胞单元中反向面对面堆积,这种异构体共存于晶体中归属于Cr(CO)3基团在配体芳环之间的配位移动重排(IRHRs).     

含烯烃配体的过渡金属配合物的研究IV: 钼和铬的环庚三烯二羰基[乙氧基(芳基)卡宾]配合物的合成和晶体结构

选择了含奇数碳的环状共轭三烯配体的环庚三烯三羰基钼和铬,在低温下与芳基锂反应,并用Et3OBF4烷基化,得到组成为H8(CO)2MoC(OC2H5)Ar的四个化合物与一个黑色结晶:C7H8(CO)2Cr(OC2H5)H4CF3-P.用元素分析、光谱分析、X射线晶体结构测定研究了它们的结构.     

对苯二甲酰双环戊烯基锡钼（钨）异多核金属配合物的合成与晶体结构

通过对苯二甲酰双环戊二烯基三羰基钼（钨）负离子与有机锡的反应，合成了 一系列的对苯二甲酰双环戊二烯基锡钼（钨）异多核金属配合物，并用IR，~1H NMR和元素分析对其进行了表征。结果表明，环戊二烯上的拉电子取代基极大地减 弱金属负离子的亲核性，对苯二甲酰双环戊二烯基三羰基钼（钨）负离子与 R_2SnCl_2(R = Ph, Me, Et)反应时，仅有一个氯原子被金属负离子所取代。用X射 线单晶衍射测定了化合物{p-[(Ph_3Sn)(CO)_3MoC_5H_4-C(O)]_2C_6H_4}的晶体结 构。该晶体为单斜晶系，空间群为C2/c，晶胞参数为：a = 3.4209(10) nm, b = 1.1329(3) nm, c = 1.4214(4) nm, β = 104.466(5) °, V = 5.334(3) nm~3, Z = 4, R = 0.033。两个SnMo结构单元处于桥连苯基的反位。     

对苯二甲酰双环戊烯基锡钼（钨）异多核金属配合物的合成与晶体结构

通过对苯二甲酰双环戊二烯基三羰基钼（钨）负离子与有机锡的反应,合成了 一系列的对苯二甲酰双环戊二烯基锡钼（钨）异多核金属配合物,并用IR,~1H NMR和元素分析对其进行了表征。结果表明,环戊二烯上的拉电子取代基极大地减 弱金属负离子的亲核性,对苯二甲酰双环戊二烯基三羰基钼（钨）负离子与 R_2SnCl_2(R = Ph, Me, Et)反应时,仅有一个氯原子被金属负离子所取代。用X射 线单晶衍射测定了化合物{p-[(Ph_3Sn)(CO)_3MoC_5H_4-C(O)]_2C_6H_4}的晶体结 构。该晶体为单斜晶系,空间群为C2/c,晶胞参数为：a = 3.4209(10) nm, b = 1.1329(3) nm, c = 1.4214(4) nm, β = 104.466(5) °, V = 5.334(3) nm~3, Z = 4, R = 0.033。两个SnMo结构单元处于桥连苯基的反位。     

金属羰基化合物M(CO)6(M=Cr,Mo, W)氧原子转移反应动力学与机理

本文研究了PPh3存在与不存在的情况下, M(CO)6(M=Cr, Mo, W)与三甲胺氧化物me3NO在CH2Cl2中的氧原子转移反应动力学. 反应速率遵循: r=k[M(CO)6][Me3NO], 并且rW>rMo>rCr, 并根据实验结果提出了反应机理, 讨论了溶剂对反应速率的影响.     

含膦配体的羰基钼(O)和钨(O)化合物的改进合成,反应及催化活性

MoCl5或WCl6与锌粉及适当的膦配体和CO在常压常温进行反应,合成了含膦配体的炭基钼和钨的化合物(Ph2PR)nM(CO)6-n(M=Mo,W;R=ME,Et,n-Pr,Ph;n=2,3),用该方法也成功地将M(CO)5(M=Mo,W)单元负载到含膦的高分子链上,化合物(Ph2PEt)2Mo(CO)4与HgCl2反应得到含Mo-Hg键的化合物。用(Ph3P)2Mo(CO)4和(Ph3P)2Ni(CO)2二元催化体系,在适当温度和压力下对甲醇羰基化反应进行初步研究,得到了初步研究,得到了醋酸和醋酸甲酯。该催化过程对甲醇的转化率可达92%,对醋酸和醋酸甲酯的选择性可达68%。     

Synthesis,crystal structure and electrochemical properties of carbonylchromium and tungsten complexes containing substituted pyrazole ligands

A series of carbonylchromium and tungsten complexes containing substituted pyrazole ligands, M(CO)₅L, have been synthesized by the photochemical reactions of substituted pyrazoles with M(CO)₆ (M = Cr or W). Their electrochemical behavior, investigated by cyclic voltammetry, indicates that the chromium complexes exhibit one reversible or quasi-reversible couple corresponding to a one-electron oxidation, whereas the tungsten complexes have one irreversible oxidation process. The crystal structure of W(CO)₅L [L = 3(5)-t-butylpyrazole] was determined by X-ray diffraction, indicating that 3(5)-t-butylpyrazole is a monodentate ligand, and that the central metal is six-coordinate with a quasi-octahedral coordination geometry. All new compounds were characterized by elemental analyses, i.r., ¹H-n.m.r. and by ¹³C-n.m.r. in the case of the tungsten complexes.     

Anionic Fischer-type carbene complexes as bidentate (N,O) ligands

New polynuclear complexes, (L1)3M2 [M2 = Cr(III) (4a,4b), Fe(III) (5), Co(III) (8)], (L1)2M2(L2)2 [M2 = Co(II) (7), Ni(II) (9)], (L1)2M2(O)L2 [M2 = V(IV) (6)] and L1M2Cp2 [M2 = Ti(III) (10)] with L1 = (CO)5M1=C[C=NC(CH3)=CHS](O-)(M1 = Cr or W) and L2 = 4-methylthiazole or THF, are described. The molecular structures of these complexes determined by X-ray diffraction show that the Fischer-type carbene complexes act as bidentate ligands towards the second metal centre, coordinating through C(carbene)-attached O-atoms and imine N-atoms of the thiazolyl groups to form five-membered chelates with the oxygen atoms in the mer configuration. Isostructural complexes have similar characteristic band patterns in their far-IR spectra. Cyclic voltammetry of selected complexes reveals the oxidation of the carbene complex ligand between 1.01 and 1.29 V. Oxidation of the central metal (M2) takes place at 0.56 and 0.86 V for 7 and 9, respectively. Three stepwise reductions of Cr(III) to Cr(0) occur for 4a and 4b in the region -0.51 to -1.58 V. These new ligand types and other variants thereof should find application in ligand design with the first metal -- and other ligands attached thereto -- in the carbene complex ligand, playing an important role.     

Synthesis and structural characterization of group 6 transition metal complexes with terminal fluoromethylidyne (CF) ligands; a DFT/NBO/NRT comparison of bonding characteristics of terminal NO, CF and CH ligands

A family of group 6 transition metal complexes M(C(5)R(5))(CO)(2)(CF) [M = Cr, Mo, W; R = H, Me] with terminal fluoromethylidyne ligands have been synthesized through the reduction of the corresponding trifluoromethyl precursors with potassium graphite or magnesium graphite. They have been characterized spectroscopically and in some cases crystallographically, although the structures show disorder between the CO and CF ligands. The M[triple bond]CF subunit reacts as a triple bond to form cluster complexes containing μ(3)-CF ligands on reaction with Co(2)(CO)(8). Computational (DFT/NBO/NRT) studies on M(C(5)H(5))(CO)(2)(CF) [M = Cr, Mo, W] and the corresponding cationic fragments M(CO)(2)(XY)(+) illustrate significant differences in the metal-ligand bonding between CF and its isoelectronic analogue NO, as well as with its hydrocarbon analogue CH.     

Relative efficiencies of CpM(CO)(n)CH(3) and CpM(CO)(n)Ph (M = Cr,Mo, W,and Fe) complexes in photoinduced DNA cleavage

The relative efficiencies of photoinduced DNA cleavage by complexes of the type CpM(CO)(n)()R (M = Cr, Mo, or W, n = 3, R = CH(3) or Ph; M = Fe, n = 2, R = CH(3) or C(6)H(5)) have been investigated using a plasmid relaxation assay. Only the tungsten and iron complexes reproducibly caused single strand scission, in addition to which the iron systems efficiently gave double strand cleavage. The iron complexes gave strand scission at lower concentrations than the corresponding tungsten systems, with the phenyl complexes producing more damage than the methyl systems.     

Kinetische untersuchungen über reaktionen von metall-komplexen : XVI. Substitutionsreaktionen von metallcarbonylkomplexen des chroms,molybdäns und wolframs; einige neue kinetische und mechanistische aspekte

Metal carbonyls today are classical representatives of coordination compounds, thanks primarily to the pioneering work of Walter Hieber and his school. One of their most characteristic properties is that they undergo substitution reactions with a great number of Lewis bases L. In these reactions, either one or several CO ligands (in very rare cases all CO ligands) are replaced.Substitution reactions of the type:

are known for practically all metal carbonyls. Detailed studies have been made particularly on the reactions of chromium, molybdenum and tungsten carbonyl compounds, including kinetic and mechanistic investigations. The present review is concerned with recent results in this area with special emphasis on carbene carbonyl complexes. The point is made that the reaction possibilities shown by the compounds of general composition M(CO)₆, M(CO)₅L, M(CO)₄LL′, M(CO)₄(LL) and M(CO)₃(LLL) (M = Cr, Mo, W; L (or L′) = unidentate, LL = bidentate, LLL = tridentate ligand) are important not only for synthetic purposes, but also exhibit interesting mechanistic characteristics.     

Binuclear biscarbene complexes of furan

Carbene complexes of chromium and tungsten with a bridging furan substituent were synthesized from lithiated furan precursors and metal hexacarbonyls. The binuclear biscarbene complexes [(CO)5M{C(OEt)-C4H2O-C(OEt)}M'(CO)5](M = M'= Cr (3), W (4)) were obtained as well as the corresponding monocarbene complexes [M{C(OEt)-C(4)H3O}(CO)5](M = Cr (1), W (2)). A method of protecting the carbene moiety during the metal acylate stage was used to increase not only the yields of the binuclear Fischer biscarbene complexes 3 and 4 but to establish a method to synthesize analogous mixed heterobinuclear carbene complexes (M = W, M'= Cr (5)) in high yields. The binuclear biscarbene complexes 3 and 5 were reacted with 3-hexyne and yielded the corresponding benzannulated monocarbene complexes [M{C(OEt)-C14H17O3}(CO)5](M = Cr (6), W(7)). Complex 5 reacted regioselectively with the benzannulation reaction occurring at the chromium-carbene centre. The major products from refluxing 3 in the presence of [Pd(PPh3)4] were a monocarbene-ester complex [Cr{C(OEt)-C4H2O-C(O)OEt}(CO)5](8), the 2,5-diester of furan (9) and a carbene-carbene coupled olefin EtOC(O)-C4H2O-C(OEt)=C(OEt)-C4H2O-C(O)OEt (10). X-Ray structure analysis of 4 and 6 confirmed the molecular structures of the compounds in the solid state and aspects of electron conjugation between the transition metals and the furan substituents in the carbene ligands were investigated.     

Synthesis, structure and characterization of M---Sn (M=Mo, W) bonded heterobimetallic complexes containing bis(pyrazol-1-yl)methane ligands

The reaction of bis(pyrazol-1-yl)methane tetracarbonylmolybdenum(0) or tungsten(0) complexes with RSnCl₃ (R=Ph, Cl) at room temperature yielded heterobimetallic complexes CH₂(Pz)₂M(CO)₃(Cl)(SnCl₂R) (Pz represents substituted pyrazole; M=Mo or W; R=Ph or Cl) in good yields, which have been characterized by elemental analysis, ¹H NMR and IR spectroscopy. The reaction of bis(3,5-dimethyl-4-halopyrazol-1-yl)methane tetracarbonyl tungsten with PhSnCl₃ did not take place even in refluxing CH₂Cl₂. The electronic and steric characteristics of substituents on the pyrazole ring remarkably influence the structures of the products. The structures of CH₂(3,5-Me₂-4-BrPz)₂W(CO)₃(Cl)(SnCl₃) (8) and CH₂(4-BrPz)₂Mo(CO)₃(μ-Cl)(SnCl₂Ph) (17) (Pz: pyrazole) determined by X-ray crystallography show that no chlorine-bridged W---Sn bond is observed in complex 8, while one chlorine-bridged Mo---Sn bond exists in complex 17. The Sn---M bond length is 2.7438(5) Å in complex 8 (W---Sn) and 2.7559(4) Å in complex 17 (Mo---Sn).     

Vapour pressure measurements on M(CO)5L (M = Cr,Mo, W; L = piperidine,pyridine, pyrazine,pyrazole, thiazole)

The vapour pressures and enthalpies of sublimation for a number of M(CO)₅L-complexes (M = Cr, Mo, W and L = piperidine, pyridine, pyrazine, pyrazole, thiazole) have been determined by the Knudsen effusion method. The results are compared with similar complexes and dipole moment measurements from the literature.     

Group 6 metal carbonyl complexes containing 3,5-dimethyl-4-ferrocenylmethylpyrazole: synthesis,structure and electrochemical properties

Reaction of M(CO)₆ with 3,5-dimethyl-4-ferrocenylmethylpyrazole under UV irradiation yields monosubstituted group 6 metal carbonyl complexes M(CO)₅L (M?=?Cr, Mo or W; L?=?3,5-dimethyl-4-ferrocenylmethylpyrazole). Their electrochemical behaviour, investigated by cyclic voltammetry, indicates that chromium and tungsten complexes exhibit two one-electron quasi-reversible couples corresponding to the ferrocenyl group and the chromium or tungsten centre, respectively, while the molybdenum complex has one quasi-reversible couple corresponding to the ferrocenyl group and one irreversible oxidation process for molybdenum. The crystal structure of W(CO)₅L, determined by X-ray diffraction methods, shows that ferrocenylpyrazole acts as a monodentate ligand, and W is six-coordinate with quasi-octahedral coordination geometry. The complex is linked into a one-dimensional chain in the lattice through weak intermolecular hydrogen bonds with metal carbonyls acting as acceptors.