应力调控BlueP/XTe2(X=Mo,W)范德瓦耳斯异质结电子结构及光学性质理论研究

通过第一性原理计算探讨了蓝磷烯与过渡金属硫化物MoTe₂/WTe₂形成范德瓦耳斯异质结的电子结构和光学性质,以及施加双轴应力对相关性质的影响.计算结果表明,形成BlueP/XTe₂(X=Mo,W)异质结,二者能带排列为间接带隙type-Ⅱ并有较强的红外光吸收,同时屏蔽特性增强.随压缩应力增加,BlueP/XTe₂转变为直接带隙type-Ⅱ能带排列最后转变为金属性;随拉伸应力增加,异质结转变为间接带隙type-Ⅰ能带排列.外加应力也能有效调控异质结的光吸收性质,随压缩应力增加吸收边红移,光吸收响应拓展至中红外光谱区且吸收系数增大;BlueP/MoTe₂较BlueP/WTe₂在中红外至红外光区间表现出更强的光吸收响应;静态介电常数ε1(0)大幅增加.结果表明,压缩应力对BlueP/MoTe₂和BlueP/WTe₂能带排列、光吸收特性均有显著的调控作用,其中BlueP/MoTe₂对调控更敏感,这些特性也使BlueP/XTe₂异质结在窄禁带中红外半导体材料及光电器件具有令人期待的应用价值.     

应变和电场对Ga2SeTe/In2Se3异质结电子结构和光学性质的影响

异质结构的构筑与堆垛是新型二维材料物性调控及应用的有效策略.基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算,本文研究了4种不同堆叠构型的新型二维Janus Ga₂SeTe/In₂Se₃范德瓦耳斯异质结的电子结构和光学性质. 4种异质结构型均为Ⅱ型能带结构的间接带隙半导体,光致电子的供体和受体材料由二维In₂Se₃的极化方向决定.光吸收度在可见光区域高达25%,有利于太阳可见光的有效利用.双轴应变可诱导直接-间接带隙转变,外加电场能有效调控异质结构带隙,使AA2叠加构型的带隙从0.195 eV单调增大到0.714 eV,AB2叠加构型的带隙从0.859 eV单调减小到0.058 eV,两种调控作用下异质结的能带始终保持Ⅱ型结构.压缩应变作用下的异质结在波长较短的可见光区域表现出更优异的光吸收能力.这些研究结果揭示了Janus Ga₂SeTe/In₂Se₃范德瓦耳斯异质结电子结构的调控机理,为新型光电器件的设计提供理论指导.     

非对称双轴张应变对锗能带的影响

采用第一性原理方法系统地研究了沿(001)、(101)和(111)面施加晶面内各方向应变不相等的双轴张应变,即非对称双轴张应变对锗能带结构的影响.结果表明:对于沿(001)面施加非对称双轴张应变,至少某一个方向应变大于2.95%,间接-直接带隙转变才能发生;对于沿(101)面施加非对称双轴张应变,至少某一个方向应变大于3.44%,间接-直接带隙转变才能发生;然而,沿(111)面施加非对称双轴张应变,不发生间接-直接带隙转变.另外,研究还发现无论是施加对称双轴应变还是非对称双轴应变,间接-直接带隙转变得到的应变Ge带隙值都与应变前后拉伸面面积变化大小成反比.     

单层金属卤化物CoX_2(X=Cl、Br、I)可调能隙和磁性研究

本文采用密度泛函理论系统的研究了二维单层金属卤化物CoX_2(X=Cl,Br,I)的结构稳定性、电子性质和磁性质.三种卤化物的束缚能分别是9.01、8.04和6.95 eV,表明Co原子和卤素原子间存在强相互作用.三种材料的能带结构都显示了间接带隙半导体特性.三种材料的总磁矩都是3 μ_B,主要来源于Co原子的磁矩.为了实现对材料物性的调控,我们考虑了双轴应变.发现压缩应变不仅可以显著增强铁磁态的稳定性,还可以实现体系从间接带隙半导体向直接带隙半导体的转变.     

应变对单层二硫化钼能带影响的第一性原理研究

采用密度泛函理论框架下的第一性原理平面波赝势方法,研究了双轴拉应变下单层二硫化钼晶体的电子结构性质．本文的计算结果表明对单层二硫化钼晶体施加一个很小的应变（0．5％）时,其能带结构由直接带隙转变为间接带隙．随着应变的增加,能带仍然保持间接带隙的特征,且禁带宽度呈现线性下降的趋势．通过对单层二硫化钼晶体态密度和投影电荷密度的进一步分析,揭示了单层二硫化钼晶体能带变化的原因．     

电场对PtO2/MoS2范德瓦尔斯异质结电子结构调控

本文利用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算方法研究了外电场对PtO2/MoS2范德瓦尔斯异质结电子结构的调控,发现当层间距d=2.83Å时异质结结构最稳定,且表现为Ⅱ型间接带隙半导体,其带隙为0.68 eV。通过施加垂直平面方向电场可有效调控PtO2/MoS2异质结电子结构,当外电场为-1 V/Å时,发生半导体-金属相变。这些研究结果表明PtO2/MoS2异质结在新型二维材料光电纳米器件方面具有广泛应用前景。     

应力调控下二维硒化锗五种同分异构体的第一性原理研究

采用第一性原理计算方法,研究了二维单层硒化锗(GeSe)的5种同分异构体结构的稳定性和在应力调控下的电子性质变化规律.计算结果表明:5种同分异构体结构都具有热力学稳定性; a-GeSe是直接带隙半导体, b-GeSe, g-GeSe, d-GeSe和e-GeSe都是间接带隙半导体. a-GeSe在应力调控下出现了直接到间接带隙的转变和半导体到金属性质的转变. b-GeSe和g-GeSe在应力的作用下具有可调节的间接带隙范围.当沿dGeSe双轴方向施加压缩应力为1%和4%时, d-GeSe的能带从间接带隙转变成直接带隙.通过沿e-GeSe的扶手椅形方向施加10%的拉伸应变,出现了从间接带隙到直接带隙的转变;继续增加拉伸应变到20%,能带结构一直保持直接带隙的特征,其可调范围为1.21—1.44 eV.沿d-GeSe双轴方向施加10%拉伸应变时,也出现了从间接带隙到直接带隙的转变;该直接带隙在双轴拉伸应变增加到19%前一直保持,可调范围为0.61—1.19 eV.     

双轴应变条件下单层MoSe2电子结构和拉曼光谱的第一性原理计算

二硒化钼的层间相互作用强,单层结构具有更低的带隙和更好的稳定性.由于独特的光学性质和优异的电学性能受到研究人员的广泛关注.本文基于密度泛函理论的第一原理,计算和分析了在双轴拉伸压缩应变条件下单层MoSe₂能带结构,拉曼光谱和声子谱的变化规律以及性质产生的原因.在拉伸压缩应变作用下,直接带隙转变为间接带隙.当拉伸应变达到12%时,材料发生半导体-金属相变.当压缩应变达到6%时,声子谱中开始出现虚频率,表明结构开始变得不稳定.     

单层与双层WSe2纳米片层的光致发光

采用气相沉积法制备了WSe₂二维纳米材料,对其低温光致发光谱进行了研究。结果表明：随着WSe₂层数的增加,其光致发光强度单调下降;当WSe₂层数从单层增加为双层时,其发光强度急剧下降,表明其能带结构已从直接带隙转变为间接带隙。进一步研究了双层WSe₂的变温光致发光谱,发现随着温度的升高,双层WSe₂发光峰中A峰峰位的变化基本符合半导体带隙的温度变化规律,而I峰峰位红移与温度基本成线性关系,表明双层WSe₂同时存在间接和直接跃迁,且直接跃迁和间接跃迁特性不同。     

钙钛矿CsPbX3(X=Cl,Br,I)与五环石墨烯范德瓦耳斯异质结的界面相互作用和光电性能的第一性原理研究

异质结工程是一种提高半导体材料光电性能的有效方法.本文构建了全无机钙钛矿CsPbX₃(X=Cl,Br,I)和二维五环石墨烯penta-graphene(PG)的新型范德瓦耳斯(vdW)异质结,利用第一性原理研究了CsPbX₃-PG异质结不同界面接触的稳定性,进而计算了稳定性较好的Pb-X接触界面异质结的电子结构和光电性能.研究结果表明,CsPbX₃-PG(X=Cl,Br,I)异质结具有II型能带排列特征,能级差距由Cl向I逐渐缩小,具有良好的光生载流子分离能力和电荷输运性质.此外,研究发现CsPbX₃-PG异质结能有效拓宽材料的光吸收谱范围,并能显著提高其光吸收能力,尤其是CsPbI₃具有最优的光吸收性能.经理论估算,CsPbX₃-PG的光电功率转换效率(PCE)可高达21%.这些结果表明,全无机金属卤化物钙钛矿CsPbX₃-PG异质结可以有效地提高半导体材料的光电性能,预期在光电转换器件中具有重要的应用潜力.     

Tunable electronic properties of GaS-SnS2 heterostructure by strain and electric field

Vertically stacked heterostructures have received extensive attention because of their tunable electronic structures and outstanding optical properties. In this work, we study the structural, electronic, and optical properties of vertically stacked GaS-SnS₂ heterostructure under the frame of density functional theory. We find that the stacked GaS-SnS₂ heterostructure is a semiconductor with a suitable indirect band gap of 1.82 eV, exhibiting a type-II band alignment for easily separating the photo-generated carriers. The electronic properties of GaS-SnS₂ heterostructure can be effectively tuned by an external strain and electric field. The optical absorption of GaS-SnS₂ heterostructure is more enhanced than those of the GaS monolayer and SnS₂ monolayer in the visible light region. Our results suggest that the GaS-SnS₂ heterostructure is a promising candidate for the photocatalyst and photoelectronic devices in the visible light region.     

Electronic and optical properties of 3N-doped graphdiyne/MoS2 heterostructures tuned by biaxial strain and external electric field

The construction of van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures by stacking different two-dimensional layered materials have been recognised as an effective strategy to obtain the desired properties. The 3N-doped graphdiyne (N-GY) has been successfully synthesized in the laboratory. It could be assembled into a supercapacitor and can be used for tensile energy storage. However, the flat band and wide forbidden bands could hinder its application of N-GY layer in optoelectronic and nanoelectronic devices. In order to extend the application of N-GY layer in electronic devices, MoS₂ was selected to construct an N-GY/MoS₂ heterostructure due to its good electronic and optical properties. The N-GY/MoS₂ heterostructure has an optical absorption range from the visible to ultraviolet with a absorption coefficient of 10⁵ cm^-1. The N-GY/MoS₂ heterostructure exhibits a type-Ⅱ band alignment allows the electron-hole to be located on N-GY and MoS₂ respectively, which can further reduce the electron-hole complexation to increase exciton lifetime. The power conversion efficiency of N-GY/MoS₂ heterostructure is up to 17.77%, indicating it is a promising candidate material for solar cells. In addition, the external electric field and biaxial strain could effectively tune the electronic structure. Our results provide a theoretical support for the design and application of N-GY/MoS₂ vdW heterostructures in semiconductor sensors and photovoltaic devices.     

二硫化钼/石墨烯异质结的界面结合作用及其对带边电位影响的理论研究

采用基于色散修正的平面波超软赝势方法研究了二硫化钼/石墨烯异质结的界面结合作用及其对电荷分布和带边电位的影响.研究表明二硫化钼与石墨烯之间可以形成范德瓦耳斯力结合的稳定堆叠结构.通过能带结构计算,发现二硫化钼与石墨烯的耦合导致二硫化钼成为n型半导体,石墨烯转变成小带隙的p型体系.并通过电子密度差分图证实了界面内二硫化钼附近聚集负电荷,石墨烯附近聚集正电荷,界面内形成的内建电场可以抑制光生电子-空穴对的复合.石墨烯的引入可以调制二硫化钼的能带,使其导带底上移至-0.31 eV,提高了光生电子还原能力,有利于光催化还原反应.     

Versatile GaInO_3-sheet with strain-tunable electronic structure,excellent mechanical flexibility,and an ideal gap for photovoltaics

Due to many remarkable physical and chemical properties, two-dimensional(2D) nanomaterials have become a hot spot in the field of condensed matter physics. In this paper, we have studied the structural, mechanical, and electronic properties of the 2D GaInO_3 system by first-principles method. We find that 2D Ga InO_3 can exist stably at ambient condition. Molecular dynamic simulations show that GaInO_3-sheet has excellent thermal stability and is stable up to1100 K. Electronic structural calculations show that GaInO_3-sheet has a band gap of 1.56 eV, which is close to the ideal band gap of solar cell materials, demonstrating great potential in future photovoltaic application. In addition, strain effect studies show that the GaInO_3-sheet structure always exhibits a direct band gap under biaxial compressive strain, and as the biaxial compressive strain increases, the band gap gradually decreases until it is converted into metal. While biaxial tensile strain can cause the 2D material to transform from a direct band gap semiconductor into an indirect band gap semiconductor,and even to metal. Our research expands the application of the Ga InO_3 system, which may have potential application value in electronic devices and solar energy.     

面内双轴应力作用下单层黑磷能带性质研究

通过第一性原理对平面内双轴应力作用下的单层黑磷能带结构进行了计算.双轴拉伸应力作用下单层黑磷始终保持直接带隙性质,双轴压缩应力作用下的单层黑磷则发生了直接带隙转变为间接带隙的现象,当双轴压缩应力增加到7%时单层黑磷带隙闭合.     

Efficient band structure engineering and visible-light response in ZrS2/GaS heterobilayer by electrical field or external strains

Via first-principle methods, the electronic structures and optical properties of 2D ZrS₂/GaS van der Waals heterostructure (vdWH) are studied. It is found that the band alignment changes from type-II to type-I under negative electrical field, and compressive strains. The transition points are -0.2 V/Å and -1%, respectively. The band gap changes efficiently under positive electrical field and compressive strains. The tensile strains increase the optical adsorption coefficients in ultraviolet regions, while the compressive strains increase the optical adsorption coefficients in visible region significantly.     

Strain drived band aligment transition of the ferromagnetic VS_2/C_3N van der Waals heterostructure

Exploring two-dimensional(2 D) magnetic heterostructures is essential for future spintronic and optoelectronic devices.Herein,using first-principle calculations,stable ferromagnetic ordering and colorful electronic properties are established by constructing the VS_2/C_3 N van der Waals(vdW) heterostructure.Unlike the semiconductive properties with indirect band gaps in both the VS_2 and C_3 N monolayers,our results indicate that a direct band gap with type-Ⅱ band alignment and p-doping characters are realized in the spin-up channel of the VS_2/C_3 N heterostructure,and a typical type-Ⅲband alignment with a broken-gap in the spin-down channel.Furthermore,the band alignments in the two spin channels can be effectively tuned by applying tensile strain.An interchangement between the type-Ⅱ and type-Ⅲ band alignments occurs in the two spin channels,as the tensile strain increases to 4%.The attractive magnetic properties and the unique band alignments could be useful for prospective applications in the next-generation tunneling devices and spintronic devices.     

Theoretical design of direct Z-scheme SnC/PtSe2 heterostructure with enhanced photocatalytic performance and tunable optoelectronic properties

Recently, direct Z-scheme heterostructures have attracted much attention because of their outstanding electronic properties and excellent photocatalytic performance. In this article, the electronic, optical and photocatalytic properties of SnC/PtSe₂ heterojunction are systematically explored via first-principles calculations. Evidence suggests that a Type-Ⅱ band alignment as well as an indirect bandgap of 1.35 eV can be observed in the SnC/PtSe₂ heterojunction. The combined influence of the built-in electric field from SnC to PtSe₂ and the band bending causes a Z-scheme carrier migration mechanism. At biaxial strains of −3%–5%, the band edge positions of the heterojunction are able to cross the redox potential of water. The light absorption coefficient of 4.21 × 10⁵ cm⁻¹ and the energy conversion efficiency of 42.32% demonstrate that the photon energy can be utilized by the heterostructure efficiently. Furthermore, the absorption coefficient in the visible range can be significantly increased under tensile strain. Hence, there are reasons to believe that SnC/PtSe₂ heterostructure has tremendous potential for application in the field of photocatalytic water decomposition.