短时高温热处理工艺对YBCO超导薄膜结构和性能的影响

通过无氟高分子辅助金属有机物沉积法(PA-MOD)制备了YBCO超导薄膜,研究了785～845℃的不同短时高温热处理对YBCO薄膜双轴织构、表面形貌及超导性能的影响.X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)的结果表明,经800℃短时高温处理的YBCO薄膜具有良好的双轴织构和平整致密的表面形貌.物性测量(Quantum-DesignSQUID)的结果表明,该薄膜超导转变温度达到90K,77K自场下的临界电流密度(Jc)为2MA/cm2.     

YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)薄膜制备工艺对体系结构和性能的影响研究

采用起始原料无氟的工艺和含氟的Ba-TFA工艺制备YBa2Cu3O7-δ(YBCO)前驱体溶胶,在LAO(001)基板上制得YBCO凝胶膜,热处理后都可以获得表面光滑、无裂缝的YBCO薄膜。薄膜的性能利用X-射线衍射(XRD),扫描电镜(SEM)以及光电子谱(XPS)等手段进行测试,结果表明:无氟工艺制备的薄膜由于热处理过程中生成了BaCO3相而严重地影响到薄膜的超导性能,而Ba-TFA法所获得的薄膜则表现出了良好外延生长,临界转变温度Tc=89K,转变温度宽度△Tc<1 K,临界电流密度Jc=2.8MA/cm2。     

PVP辅助低氟溶液法制备YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-x)厚膜研究(英文)

传统的化学溶液法制备微米级YBa2Cu3O7-x(YBCO)涂层导体过程中,需要反复多次镀膜和热分解过程才能使膜厚达到1μm以上。本研究以独特的先进低氟溶液为YBCO前驱溶液,通过添加聚吡咯烷酮(PVP)作为增稠剂,提高了YBCO胶体的粘度,并提高了最终YBCO薄膜的厚度及致密性。单次镀膜获得的YBCO薄膜厚度达到了600nm。77K,0T条件下,临界电流密度Jc达到1MA/cm2以上。这种高分子改性的低氟YBCO前驱溶液沉积技术有望在未来涂层导体开发中发挥作用.     

高分子辅助化学溶液沉积法制备涂层导体Sm_(0.2)Ce_(0.8)O_(1.9-x)缓冲层

本文采用高分子辅助化学溶液沉积(PACSD)的方法,在双轴织构的Ni-5%W合金基底上制备了Sm0.2Ce0.8O1.9-x(SCO)单一缓冲层,并研究了不同退火温度对缓冲层织构和微结构的影响.研究结果表明,通过1100℃退火处理可以得到织构优良、表面致密平整,厚度可达200nm的SCO单一缓冲层.在该缓冲层上用类似的方法沉积的YBCO薄膜的临界超导转变温度Tc0为87K且Jc可达0.5MA.cm-2(在77K时).可以认为,Sm掺杂CeO2是制备单一缓冲层的一种有效的适合大规模生产的新途径.     

MgO单晶基片上YBCO高温超导薄膜的制备

在2英寸MgO(001)单晶基片上,采用直流溅射法,通过基片高温退火,成功制备了性能优越的YBa2C3O7-δ(YBCO)双面超导薄膜,能够满足超导滤波器的设计要求。X射线衍射(XRD)分析表明经过退火的基片上生长的YBCO薄膜与基片有单一的外延取向关系;用原子力显微镜(AFM)和高能电子衍射(RHEED)分析高温退火对基片表面状况的改变。结果表明制备的YBCO薄膜具有很好的超导电性,薄膜临界电流密度Jc(77K,0T)≈2.5×106A/cm2,微波表面电阻Rs(10GHz,77K)≈0.16mΩ。     

外延温度对YBCO薄膜结构与性能的影响

采用化学溶液沉积法(CSD),在758℃到772℃不同温度下制备了一系列YBa2Cu3Ox(YBCO)薄膜。通过X射线衍射、扫描电镜观察和物性测量,研究了外延温度对其结构与性能的影响。研究结果表明,在760℃及770℃附近存在两个适合YBCO薄膜外延生长的温度区间,在这两个温区生长制备的YBCO薄膜具有良好的超导性能。760℃和770℃附近制备的样品的临界超导转变温度Tc分别为90K和89K,说明760℃附近的较低温区更适合YBCO薄膜的外延生长。760℃附近生长的薄膜在77K自场下的临界电流密度Jc可达到3MA/cm2。文中进一步对存在两个外延温区间的现象进行了讨论,其机制可能来源于自发形核与诱导外延生长之间的相互竞争。     

氧化物超导体的临界电流问题

1988年 8 月16-19日在美国SnowmassVillage,Colorado的“高温超导体的临界电流”会议上集中讨论了氧化物超导体和Nb3Sn等金属超导体在临界电流密度人上有显著差别的原因.目前1T磁场下烧结块状氧化物超导体的Jc(77K)以Tc可达125K的TlSrCaCu系为最高,接近了 102A/cm2,但仍比4.2K下Nb3Sn的Jc低四个数量级.从熔体中形成的具有织构的YBa2Cu3O7(晶粒最长的达10mm)的Jc接近104A/cm2,比上述烧结样品提高了二个数量级,在SrTiO3单晶上外延生长的YBa2Cu3O7簿膜的Jc又提高一个数量级.实验还指出:在强磁场(如10T)下,超导转变急剧展宽,电阻-…     

YBCO薄膜中自旋极化准粒子的注入效应

采用Nd0 .7Sr0 .3MnO3/SrTiO3/YBa2 Cu3O7-δ的异质结构 ,研究了自旋极化准粒子的注入效应 .在 5 6 μm宽的YBCO膜条上成功地制备了与超导膜条同样宽度但不同长度的六个注入结区 ,长度L分别为 80 μm ,4 0 μm ,2 0 μm ,10 μm ,5 μm和 2 μm .80nm厚的YBCO薄膜在 16K温度下Jc 为 2× 10 5A/cm2 .Iin=0 .5mA的自旋电流注入下 ,随L从 80 μm逐渐顺次减小时 ,注入效率 η =ΔJc/ΔJin逐渐增大 .而当L≤ 2 0 μm后 ,η不再增加 ,达到几乎相同的值 (～ 6 ) .初步分析认为这与自旋极化准粒子在超导膜内的有效自旋扩散长度有关 .异质结构中YBCO薄膜的超导电性以及注入窗口的尺寸对获得大的自旋注入效率十分重要 .     

添加Dy_2O_3的YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)的临界电流密度特征

掺入Dy2O3的YBa2Cu3O7-δ(YBCO)粉末样品采用固相反应方法制备获得。XRD的Rietveld精修和SEM都显示Dy2O3和YBCO并存。随着添加相成分的增加,YBCO的开始转变温度Ton、超导临界温度Tc和零电阻温度Tc0都单调减小。对于某一固定的磁场,温度为77K,当x=0.05时,样品的临界电流密度Jc有最大值。磁场中,微量的Dy2O3的添加,使得YBCO临界电流密度增大。Jc的这些特征行为来自D2O3的添加导致的两方面的共同作用,一方面是超导性的变化,另一方面纳米尺寸范围内的空间分布的非均匀性。     

超声雾化热分解方法制备YBCO超导长带

本文通过优化工艺参数用自制的超声雾化热分解反应装置在多晶Ag基带上制备出了YBCO超导长带,Jc达103A/cm2(15cm).结果发现在700℃预沉积一段时间可有效地防止Ag的挥发和其扩散到YBCO超导层中去,也可以克服Ag的表面粗糙对YBCO层表面形貌和连接性造成的不利影响.同时还发现900℃沉积之后保温一段时间,有利于超导层的取向和连接性的改观.     

Torsional Splitting in the nu(5) Fundamental Infrared Band of CH(3)CD(3) and (13)CH(3)CD(3)

The nu(5) fundamental (C-C stretching) of CH(3)CD(3) shows a resolved torsional structure, caused by perturbations due mainly to the linear dependence of the torsional potential barrier on the normal coordinate Q(5). We were able to analyze this structure and to assign vibration-rotation transition wavenumbers for all five torsional components, classified according to the symmetry species of the G(18)((3)) extended molecular group. The torsional splitting pattern is qualitatively similar to that of a nondegenerate vibrational state with an even number of excited torsional quanta v(6). Explorative calculations show that the main perturber system should consist of the torsional components of the vibrational ground state correlating with v(6)=4 in the high barrier limit. The strength of the perturbation on the E(r0) torsional components of nu(5) increases rapidly with r, the E(40) component being the most affected. The observed transition wavenumbers can be reasonably fitted by a simplified model containing independent effective vibration-rotation parameters for the five different torsional components of nu(5), for both CH(3)CD(3) and (13)CH(3)CD(3). The trend of the determined values of the effective vibrational wavenumbers and rotational parameters over the torsional components supports the proposed vibration-torsion interaction mechanism, responsible for the observed torsional splittings. A strong anomaly observed in the rotational intensity distribution of nu(5) is discussed. Copyright 2001 Academic Press.     

The nu(12) Band of CH(3)SiD(3)

The lowest frequency degenerate fundamental band of CH(3)SiD(3) (v(12) = 1 <-- 0) centered around 418 cm(-1) was measured in order to investigate the vibration-torsion-rotation interactions in a symmetric-top molecule with a single torsional degree of freedom. The spectrum was recorded at an instrumental resolution of 0.004 cm(-1) using a Bomem Fourier transform spectrometer. The temperature and pressure of the sample were 180 K and 2 Torr, respectively. Because of the Coriolis coupling between the torsional stack with one quantum of the silyl rock excited and the corresponding stack for the ground vibrational state, torsional splittings are measured that are substantially larger than expected simply from the observed increase in the barrier height. Due to the local nature of the Coriolis perturbation, the significantly enhanced torsional splittings are confined to a few (K, varsigma) rotational series; here varsigma = -1, 0, 1 labels the torsional sublevels. The current measurements of the nu(12) band and frequencies from previously reported studies in the ground vibrational state were fitted to within experimental uncertainty using an effective Hamiltonian which was used for the analyses of similar spectra in CH(3)SiD(3) and CH(3)CD(3). Spectroscopic parameters characterizing the states v(12) = 0 and 1 and their interactions were determined, including several Coriolis-coupling constants. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.     

U(3) → R(3) integrity-basis spectroscopy

The U(3) → R(3) algebra, widely used in nuclear spectroscopy studies, is revisited. The most general form of a U(3)-preserving interaction that is rotationally invariant and of given degree in the group generators is presented. Here the full purpose and beauty of the integrity-basis concept is realized. En route to the above it is shown that the structure of the U(3) → R(3) integrity basis can be deduced from a systematic counting of defining space matrix elements of p-shell, k-body scalar operators, k = 0, 1, 2?. The tensorial character of the so-called “missing label” operators and, more importantly, of the operators responsible for the splitting and inversion of rotational bands is obtained by relating integrity-basis multinomials through degree four in the U(3) generators to density operators of a standard U(3) → R(3) many-body spectroscopy. The results are used to show how K-band splitting as well as an [L(L + 1)]² factor in the energy can be realized within a single representation of SU(3) by two-body interactions of the ds and higher nuclear shells. Parameter sets of model interactions associated with both normal and inverted K-band structures are given, as well as the results of a “best fit” theory for the ground and gamma bands of ²⁴Mg.     

Diode-pumped Yb:Sr(3)Y(BO(3))(3) femtosecond laser

We have developed a diode-pumped Yb(3+)Sr(3)Y(BO(3))(3) (Yb:BOYS) laser generating 69-fs pulses, at a central wavelength of 1062 nm. This laser is mode locked by use of a semiconductor saturable-absorber mirror and emits 80 mW of average power at 113 MHz. This is, to our knowledge, the first mode-locked Yb:BOYS laser and the shortest duration obtained from an ytterbium laser with a crystalline host. The central wavelength can be tuned from 1051 to 1070 nm, for sub-100-fs pulses. We have also achieved an average power as high as 300 mW with pulse duration of 86 fs at 1068 nm.     

Stability of (3)He(2)(4)He(n) and (3)He(3)(4)He(n) L=0 clusters

We have studied the stability of mixed (3)He/(4)He clusters in L=0 states by the diffusion Monte Carlo method, employing the Tang-Toennies-Yiu He-He potential. The clusters (3)He(4)He(N) and (3)He(2)(4)He(N) are stable for N>1. The lighter atoms tend to move to the surface of the cluster. The minimum number of 4He atoms able to bind three 3He atoms in a L=0 state is nine. Two of three fermionic helium atoms stay on the surface, while the third one penetrates into the cluster.     

配合物Zn3(NCS)6(L1)6(NO3)2及Ni3(NCS)6(L2)6(NO3)2的合成、光谱表征及荧光性质

以去离子水为溶剂,合成了以Zn2+及N12+为中心,以L1,L2[L1=4-氨基-3,5-二甲基-1,2,4-三唑,L2=4-氨基-1,2,4-三唑]及硫氰酸根为配体的两种配合物,对其进行了元素分析、金属离子络合滴定、摩尔电导测定,确定了配合物组成分别为Zn3(NCS)6(L1)6(NO3)2及Ni3(NCS)6(L2)6(NO3)2,同时对两种配合物做了红外光谱、紫外光谱及荧光光谱的测试表征.荧光光谱的测试表明两种配合物均在415 nm有一强的荧光发射峰,且镍配合物的荧光要明显强于锌配合物,两种配合物有望成为蓝光发光材料.     

Spectroscopy and Intensity Measurements of the 3nu(1)+3nu(3) Tetrad of (12)CO(2) and (13)CO(2)

Three of the four components of the 3nu(1)+3nu(3) tetrad of (12)C(16)O(2) and (13)C(16)O(2), labeled 30031, 30032, and 30033 in HITRAN notation, have been observed by intracavity laser absorption spectroscopy in the 10 450- to 11 000-cm(-1) region. The rotational analysis has yielded the rovibrational parameters of the vibrational states. The experimental values are found to be in very good agreement with the rovibrational energies recently predicted from variational calculations and reduced effective Hamiltonians. The absolute band intensity of these extremely weak transitions have been measured. The study of the relative intensities within the 3nu(1)+3nu(3) tetrad suggests that part of the oscillator strength is carried by the (22(0)3) state. Copyright 2001 Academic Press.     

Absolute Intensities of the nu(1) and nu(3) Bands of (16)O(3)

New experimental data on the nu(1) and nu(3) bands of (16)O(3) improving the value of absolute line intensities have been obtained. The intensities of 295 lines have been measured with an average accuracy between 2.5% and 3% and the rotational expansion of the transition moment operators for the nu(1) and nu(3) bands has been deduced. Finally, a complete listing of line intensities has been computed with an intensity cutoff of 1x10(-25) cm(-1)/molecule cm(-2). Copyright 2001 Academic Press.