GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs量子阱能级结构设计与光谱分析

通过理论计算对用于量子阱红外探测器的GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs量子阱能级结构进行模拟设计,将不同生长结构的量子阱材料的光响应谱和光致荧光谱(PL)与计算结果进行比较.说明量子阱生长结构与量子阱能级结构的关系.欲使量子阱红外探测器的响应峰值在8μm附近,则需量子阱结构中阱宽为47nm,垒中Al含量为029.理论计算与测试结果符合得较好. 关键词：     

量子计算与量子模拟中离子阱结构研究进展

离子阱系统是实现量子计算和量子模拟的主要体系之一.世界范围内的各个离子阱研究小组共同推动着离子阱结构的丰富化发展,开发出一系列高性能的三维离子阱、二维离子芯片、以及具有集成器件的离子阱系统.离子阱的结构逐渐向小型化、高通光性和集成化方向发展,并表现出卓越的量子操控能力—对多离子的囚禁能力和精确控制能力越来越高.本综述将总结过去的十几年里离子阱在结构上的演化历程,以及离子阱在量子计算与量子模拟实验研究中的最新进展.通过分析具有代表性的离子阱结构,总结离子阱系统在加工工艺、鲁棒性和多功能性等方面取得的进步,并对基于离子阱系统的可扩展量子计算与模拟作出展望.     

InGaN/GaN多量子阱蓝色发光二极管的实验与模拟分析

分别采用量子阱模型和量子点模型对蓝色InGaN/GaN多量子阱发光二极管电学和光学特性进行模拟,并和实验测量结果进行了比对,结果发现,量子点模型的引入,很好地解决了I-V和电致发光二方面的实验与理论模型间符合程度不好的问题.同时,在I-V曲线特性模拟中发现,在量子点理论模型的基础上,只有考虑到载流子的非平衡量子传输效应,才能得到和实验相接近的I-V曲线,揭示着在InGaN/GaN 多量子阱发光二极管电输运特性中,载流子的非 关键词： InGaN/GaN 发光二极管 数值模拟 量子点模型     

GaAs量子阱太阳能电池量子效率的研究

将量子阱结构引入到单结GaAs太阳能电池中能够有效扩展吸收光谱.为了研究量子阱结构在GaAs太阳能电池中的作用机理,本文采用实验和理论的方法研究了InGaAs/GaAsP量子阱结构对电池量子效率的影响.实验结果表明,量子阱结构的窄带隙阱层材料将电池的吸收光谱从890 nm扩展到1000 nm.同时,量子阱结构的引入提高了680—890 nm波长范围内的量子效率,降低了波长在680 nm以下的量子效率.通过计算得到的量子阱结构和GaAs材料的光吸收系数,可以用来解释量子阱结构对太阳能电池量子效率的影响.     

非对称ZnO/ZnMgO双量子阱内量子效率的提高

在c-plane面蓝宝石衬底上生长了ZnO/Zn0.85Mg0.15O非对称双量子阱,其内量子效率相对于对称量子阱有了显著的提高。ZnO/Zn0.85Mg0.15O的10周期对称量子阱和5周期非对称双量子阱都是利用等离子体辅助分子束外延技术制备的。ZnO/Zn0.85Mg0.15O非对称双量子阱的内量子效率提高至对称阱的1.56倍。时间分辨光谱和光致发光谱测试结果证实,在ZnO/Zn0.85Mg0.15O非对称双量子阱中存在从窄阱到宽阱的激子隧穿过程,这是内量子效率提高的主要原因。     

GaAs/AlAs量子阱中受主束缚能和光致发光

从实验和理论上,研究了量子限制效应对GaAs/AlAs多量子阱中受主对重空穴束缚能的影响。实验中所用的样品是通过分子束外延生长的一系列GaAs/AlAs多量子阱,量子阱宽度为3~20nm,并且在量子阱中央进行了浅受主Be原子的δ-掺杂。在4,20,40,80,120K不同温度下,分别对上述样品进行了光致发光谱测量,观察到了受主束缚激子从基态到激发态的两空穴跃迁,并且从实验上测得了在不同量子阱宽度下受主的束缚能。理论上应用量子力学中的变分原理,数值计算了受主对重空穴束缚能随量子阱宽度的变化关系,比较发现,理论计算和实验结果符合地较好。     

量子点量子阱中的三阶非线性光学特性的研究

利用紧致密度矩阵近似方法，研究了一个特殊量子点量子阱中的三阶非线性光学特性(三次谐波产生)，得到了量子点量子阱系统的三次谐波产生系数的解析表达式，而且考虑了量子点量子阱系统中的两种电子束缚态-壳层阱内与阱外两种束缚态。对CdS/HgS构成的典型的量子点量子阱进行了数值计算，得到了10^-15(m／v)^2量级的三次谐波产生系数，并且绘出了三次谐波产生系数作为量子点量子阱的尺寸和泵浦光子能量的函数曲线，最后对曲线的特征及其形成的原因进行了解析。     

具有三角形InGaN/GaN多量子阱的高内量子效率的蓝光LED(英文)

对InGaN量子阱LED的内量子效率进行了优化研究。分别对发光光谱、量子阱中的载流子浓度、能带分布、静电场和内量子效应进行了理论分析。对具有不同量子阱数量的InGaN/GaN LED进行了理论数值比对研究。研究结果表明,对于传统结构的LED而言,2个量子阱的结构相对于5个和7个量子阱具有更好的光学性能。同时还研究了具有三角形量子阱结构的LED,研究结果显示,三角形多量子阱结构具有较高的电致发光强度、更高的内量子效率和更好的发光效率,所有的优点都归因于较高的电子-空穴波函数重叠率和低的Stark效应所产生的较高的载流子输入效率和复合发光效率。     

有机量子阱电致发光器件

制备了普通的有机量子阱结构,并对结构进行了表征.在此基础上,制备了量子阱结构的白光电致发光器件.在分析了制作工艺对有机量子阱结构特性可能产生的影响之后,为了减少垒、阱界面互扩散效应的影响,提出了有机掺杂量子阱的概念,即垒与阱的母体是相同材料,只是在生长垒层的过程中同时掺入少量发光剂.由于掺杂剂的浓度梯度只有百分之零点几,因此,界面互扩散的影响很小,实际上我们用这种办法制备的有机量子阱器件的亮度、效率均有明显提高.在研究了阱数对器件特性的影响之后,我们发现一般情况下,两个阱是最好的.进一步研究了阱母体材料对有机量子阱器件特性的影响,结果发现,用NPB作母体比Alq作母体更好,这时器件的效率(cd/A)在45～13V工作电压范围内变化不大.     

非对称双量子阱中载流子耦合的温度依赖性

非对称双量子阱中载流子动力学过程的温度依赖性研究,对于实现室温下高效的量子阱光电器件有着非常重要的意义。随着温度的升高,量子阱中的载流子被热激发到势垒层中后,部分载流子会被量子阱再俘获,即在不同的量子阱之间发生了载流子的耦合。利用耦合多量子阱载流子动力学模型,模拟了非对称双量子阱中载流子耦合的温度依赖性。研究表明,在不同温度下,各量子阱的光致荧光强度比强烈地依赖于量子阱的激活能差。光致荧光强度比的最大值与激活能差成指数关系,而其所对应的温度与激活能差成线性关系。     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.     

Design optimization of highly sensitive LSPR enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensors with nanoholes

For breaking through the sensitivity limitation of conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, novel highly sensitive SPR biosensors with Au nanoparticles and nanogratings enhancement have been proposed recently.But in practice, these structures have obvious disadvantages.In this study, a nanohole based sensitivity enhancement SPR biosensor is proposed and the influence of different structural parameters on the performance is investigated by using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA).Electromagnetic field distributions around the nanohole are also given out to directly explain the performance difference for various structural parameters.The results indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excitation mediated by nanoholes.Except to outcome the weakness of other LSP based biosensors, larger resonance angle shift, reflectance amplitude, and sharper SPR curves' width are obtained simultaneously under optimized structural parameters.     

Polymer gratings based on photopolymerization for low-order distributed feedback polymer lasers

Novel polymer distributed feedback(DFB)gratings are fabricated based on photopolymerization to reduce lasing threshold of polymer lasers.A photopolymer formulation sensitive to 355-nm ultraviolet(UV)light is proposed for the fabrication of polymer gratings and it can be used to form polymer films by spin-coating process.A very low surface-relief depth ranging from 12.5 to about 1.0 nm has been demonstrated with a refractive-index modulation of about 0.012.The experimental results indicate that such polymer gratings have promising potentials for the fabrication of low-order DFB organic semiconductor lasers.     

A novel methodology for photometric compensation of projection display on patterned screen

We propose a novel methodology based on the projector-camera (ProCam) system to address the photometric compensation issue for the projection display on the patterned screen.The patterned screen is treated as the combination of a perfect white screen and a color modulator.The perfect white screen is used to automatically and accurately characterize the ProCam system offline using the polynomial model,and the parameters of the color modulator can be efficiently recovered by employing only two gray images based on the linear reflectance model.The experimental results show that the color artifacts of the display image can be greatly improved with this methodology,which demonstrates its feasibility and validity in the photometric compensation.