液芯波导与光强差技术测定食品中痕量亚硫酸根

采用超高亮绿色发光二极管作光源,使用9 cm液芯波导管和光强差技术分光光度法测定食品中痕量亚硫酸根.分析采用国标GB/T5009.34-2003方法,线性范围的下限及检出限比通常的分光光度法均下降了1000倍.其线性范围为1.6×10-11～1.6×10-9 g/mL,检出限为5×10-12 g/mL,RSD (n=11,1.6×10-10 g/mL)＜1%.     

甲醛-溴酸钾-变色酸2R作用体系的研究与应用

基于甲醛对KBrO3氧化变色酸2R褪色反应的催化效应,建立了新的甲醛测定体系,研究探讨了体系的作用机理。在H2SO4介质中,方法的线性范围为0.020~0.48μg/mL,检出限为5.4×10-9g/mL,方法已用于啤酒中痕量甲醛的测定。     

催化动力学光度法测定锰

研究了在活化剂氮三乙酸(NTA)存在下,Mn2 催化KIO4氧化刚果红(Gongo Red)褪色反应的条件。建立了催化动力学光度法测定痕量锰的新方法。在测定波长496 nm时,锰测定的线性范围为0~2.8×10-9g/mL,检出限为2.76×10-11g/mL,探讨了有关的反应机理,考察了20余种共存离子对测定的影响,用于大米、绿豆、小米和水样中痕量锰的测定。     

表面活性剂增敏催化动力学光度法测定痕量钯

基于非离子表面活性剂Tween-20存在下,痕量Pd(Ⅱ)能灵敏地催化K2S2O8氧化靛红的褪色反应,据此建立了测定Pd(Ⅱ)的催化动力学光度新方法。方法的线性范围为8×10-4~1.28×10-2μg/mL,检出限为5.3×10-9g/L,催化反应表观活化能为53.92 kJ/mol。方法已用于矿样中痕量钯的测定。     

偶合发光法测定熟肉制品中亚硝酸盐的含量

用亚硝酸盐把亚铁氰化钾氧化为铁氰化钾后,与鲁米诺、尿酸组成化学发光体系,建立了一种间接测定痕量亚硝酸盐的方法。探讨了酸度、反应物浓度、干扰离子等因素的影响。该方法的检出限为5.0×10~(11)g/mL,线性范围为1.0×10~(-9)～1.0×10~(-5)g/mL。对熟肉制品样品进行11次平行测定,回收率为92.8％～107.6％,测定结果的相对标准偏差为2.2％～3.9％。     

二甲苯蓝FF褪色光度法测定超痕量铬(Ⅵ)的研究

在H2SO4介质中,超痕量Cr(Ⅵ)能催化H2O2和KIO3协同氧化二甲苯兰FF褪色,从而建立了测定超痕量Cr(Ⅵ)的新方法。该方法检出限为6.40×10-11g/mL,测定范围为0~4.0×10-3μg/mL,用于测定食物中的铬量。     

金橙褪色光度法测定痕量铈(Ⅳ)

基于在硫酸介质中,铈(Ⅳ)催化H2O2氧化金橙使其褪色的反应,建立了测定痕量铈(Ⅳ)的新方法。该法的线性范围为0~250μg/L,检出限为5.8×10-9g/mL。用本法对人发中的铈(Ⅳ)含量进行了测定,分析结果满意。     

偶氮氯膦mk催化动力学光度法测定痕量铱(Ⅳ)

实验发现,在硫酸介质中,Ir(Ⅳ)对KBrO3氧化偶氮氯膦mk的反应具有催化作用,据此建立了测定痕量铱(Ⅳ)的催化光度法。方法测定铱(Ⅳ)的线性范围为0.2~1.2μg/25mL,检出限为6.88×10-10g/mL。拟定的方法已用于冶金产品和岩矿中痕量铱(Ⅳ)的测定,分析结果满意。     

KMnO4-甲醛-茚三酮化学发光体系的研究

在甲醛存在下,KMnO4与茚三酮能够发生化学发光反应,产生很强的化学发光.据此采用流动注射技术,建立了一种利用KMnO4-甲醛-茚三酮化学发光体系测定茚三酮的方法.方法的检出限为3×10-8 g/mL;相对标准偏差为1.1%(4.0×10-6g/mL茚三酮,n=11);线性范围为1.0×10-7～2.0×10-4 g/mL.本法已用于样品中茚三酮的测定.     

阻抑动力学分光光度法测定食品中痕量碘

研究了在稀硫酸介质中,痕量碘离子对亚硝酸根催化溴酸钾氧化甲酚红的阻抑作用,建立了测定痕量碘离子的阻抑动力学光度分析的新方法。测定碘离子的线性范围为0～0.62μg/mL,检出限为7.43×10-9 g/mL。已用于食品中痕量碘的测定,结果满意。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.