语言发育迟缓儿童301例随访结局及早期发育特征分析

目的 长期随访语言发育迟缓幼儿的临床结局,并回顾性探讨不同结局患儿的早期发育特征,为早期诊断提供依据。方法 对2009年7月-2014年7月青岛大学附属青岛妇女儿童医院神经康复科门诊就诊的2岁左右语言发育迟缓的患儿进行早期Gesell发育测查及训练干预,临床随访1～2.5年,明确患儿短期结局及临床诊断,回顾性分析患儿的早期Gesell发育测查的特征。结果 301例儿童完成随访研究,最终诊断发育性语言迟缓64例、功能性构音障碍57例、特殊性语言损害51例、孤独症或孤独症谱系障碍68例、智力障碍61例。不同疾病早期Gesell发育测查的各能区结构不均衡,其中言语能区的DQ分数多低于其他4个能区,且疾病不同,言语能区与其他能区的差异不一致。结论 婴幼儿期表现为语言发育迟缓的长期随访临床结局不同,不同结局疾病早期Gesell测查显示发育结构不同,对早期诊断及早期干预具有一定的指导意义。

Analysis of follow-up outcome and early development characterists in 301 children with language development delay

Objective To monitor the clinical outcome of children with language development delay through long-term follow-up,and to analyze development features in children with different diseases,in order to provide evidence for early diagnosis. Methods Children with language development delay treated in the Rehabilitation Department of Qingdao Women and Children Hospital from July,2009 to July,2014 were assessed by Gesell Development Scale and were given training intervention,then were followed up for at least 1 to 2.5 years to make diagnosis and monitor the outcome.And retrospective analysis was made to know the features of children's early development. Results A total of 301 children were included,and 64 children were diagnosed with developmental language delay,57 cases with functional articulation disorder,51 cases with specific language impairment,68 cases with autism spectrum disorder and 61 cases with intellectual disability.The area development of Gesell scale showed unbanlanced results among different diseases.And the developmental quotients (DQ)of speech area were lower than the other four areas.And the difference between speech area and another area showed disparities in different diseases. Conclusions Outcome of language development delay children aged 2~3 years is different.The early development levels of every areas in Gesell development scale show their own features,and it is of benefit to early identificaion and intervention.