创伤患者住ICU期间发生院内感染的危险因素分析

目的 探讨导致创伤患者在重症监护病房期间发生院内感染的危险因素.方法 回顾性分析了2009年1月1日至12月31日浙江省5家医院1103名创伤患者的相关资料,通过对16项可能和发生感染的相关因素的单因素以及多因素分析,最终筛选出导致所有创伤患者以及严重创伤患者住ICU期间发生感染的独立危险因素.结果 住ICU期间共有171人(15.5%)发生感染.患者总共死亡157人(14.2%),其中感染组死亡59人.感染组病死率为34.7%,显著高于非感染组的10.5%.多因素logistic回归分析结果提示,对于所有患者而言,中心静脉压监测、机械通气、年龄≥65岁、住ICU时间>14 d以及ISS≥16分为住ICU期间发生院内感染的独立危险因素.对于严重创伤患者,中心静脉压监测、机械通气以及住ICU时间>14 d则是其独立危险因素.结论 伤情严重程度、年龄、住ICU时间以及ICU内侵入性操作与创伤患者住ICU期间发生院内感染相关,规范各种侵入性操作以及尽量减少患者住ICU时间有助于降低患者发生院内感染的机率.

Abstract：

Objective To determine risk factors in nosocomial infection of trauma patients during intensive care unit stay. Methods A retrospective study was carried out. A total of 1103 trauma patients admitted to the intensive care unit of five tertiary hospitals in Zhejiang Province in 2009 were reviewed. Demographic data, injury severity score and other variables related to the trauma services were collected. Univariate and multivariate analysis were processed to identify the independent risk factors of nosocomial infection in trauma patients during stay in intensive care unit. Results Overall, 171 patients( 15.5% )developed nosocomial infection during ICU stay. Of 1103 patients, 157 patients (14.2% ) died, and the 59 fatal patients were from infection group. The mortality rate in infection group was 34.7% , which was significantly higher than that in non - infection group (10.5% ). The independent risk factors of nosocomial infection in all the patients determined by using multivariate analysis included central venous monitoring, mechanical ventilation, age ≥65, the length of ICU stay > 14 days and injury severity score ≥ 16. For the severe trauma patients, central venous monitoring, mechanical ventilation, the length of ICU stay > 14 days were independent risk factors of nonsocomial infection. Conclusions The severity of injury, age, the length of ICU stay and invasive procedures were related to the nosocomial infection. To standardize the invasive procedures and to reduce the length of ICU stay may decrease the infection rate of trauma patients.

Risk factors for nosocomial infection in trauma patients during intensive care unit stay

Objective To determine risk factors in nosocomial infection of trauma patients during intensive care unit stay. Methods A retrospective study was carried out. A total of 1103 trauma patients admitted to the intensive care unit of five tertiary hospitals in Zhejiang Province in 2009 were reviewed. Demographic data, injury severity score and other variables related to the trauma services were collected. Univariate and multivariate analysis were processed to identify the independent risk factors of nosocomial infection in trauma patients during stay in intensive care unit. Results Overall, 171 patients( 15.5% )developed nosocomial infection during ICU stay. Of 1103 patients, 157 patients (14.2% ) died, and the 59 fatal patients were from infection group. The mortality rate in infection group was 34.7% , which was significantly higher than that in non - infection group (10.5% ). The independent risk factors of nosocomial infection in all the patients determined by using multivariate analysis included central venous monitoring, mechanical ventilation, age ≥65, the length of ICU stay > 14 days and injury severity score ≥ 16. For the severe trauma patients, central venous monitoring, mechanical ventilation, the length of ICU stay > 14 days were independent risk factors of nonsocomial infection. Conclusions The severity of injury, age, the length of ICU stay and invasive procedures were related to the nosocomial infection. To standardize the invasive procedures and to reduce the length of ICU stay may decrease the infection rate of trauma patients.