铁皮石斛花营养成分分析

目的 明确铁皮石斛花的营养价值, 促进其开发利用。方法 以烘干后的铁皮石斛花为原料, 采用国家标准方法测定铁皮石斛花的蛋白质、可溶性糖、多糖、游离氨基酸总含量, 应用高效液相色谱法、气相色谱-质谱法、液相色谱-质谱法和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法检测游离氨基酸、可溶性糖、中长链脂肪酸、维生素和矿物质含量。结果 铁皮石斛花中游离氨基酸和可溶性糖含量分别为(2.37±0.07)%和(45.74±1.77)%, 从铁皮石斛花中检测到16种氨基酸、13种可溶性糖、12种矿质元素、8种脂肪酸、10种B族维生素以及维生素E、维生素C和维生素K1。结论 铁皮石斛花富含亚油酸 (16.09±0.45) mg/g、VB4(530.78±29.37) μg/g、VC(201.28±0.01) μg/g和K(18289.63±1398.96) mg/kg等多种营养物质, 可作为功能食品的开发原料。

Analysis of nutrients in flowers of Dendrobium officinale

Objective To clarify the nutritional value in flowers of Dendrobium officinale, and promote its development and utilization. Methods Dried flowers of D. officinale were used as test samples, the total content of protein, soluble sugar, polysaccharide and free amino acid were determined by a series of national standard methods, and the content of free amino acid, soluble sugar, medium and long chain fatty acids, vitamins and minerals were measured by high performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, respectively. Results The content of free amino acids and soluble sugar in flowers of D. officinale were (23.73±0.73) and (45.74±1.77)%, respectively, 16 kinds of amino acids, 13 kinds of soluble sugar, 13 kinds of mineral elements, 8 kinds of long chain fatty acids, 10 kinds of vitamins B, as well as vitamin E, vitamins C and K1 were detected, respectively. Conclusion Flowers of D. officinale are rich in methyl linoleate, adenine, vitamin C and other various nutrients, which can be used as raw materials for the development of functional food.