适应于自动驾驶的计算结构与平台综述

信息与通信技术领域的不断发展,推动了自动驾驶汽车的巨大进步。自动驾驶汽车有效解决了用户对出行日益提高的安全、便捷、舒适、高效等个性化需求,有着巨大的商业前景和应用价值。首先从自动驾驶的定义出发,对自动驾驶汽车计算任务进行了分类总结,阐述了自动驾驶汽车集移动端、边缘节点和云端一体的计算结构。然后分类讨论了目前自动驾驶汽车移动端计算平台,呈现出异构多核的特点,并对当前主流的底层计算平台进行了对比分析。最后,从性能与成本和信息安全两个方面总结目前自动驾驶汽车计算结构和平台遇到的问题与挑战。

Summary on computing structure and platform for autonomous driving

With the continuous development of information and communication technology, the field of autonomous driving cars has made a great progress. Autonomous driving cars effectively solve the user’s increasing demand for safety, convenience, comfort, efficient travel, and other personalized needs. The autonomous driving car is very popular among the traditional manufacturers, emerging auto companies and people for its great commercial prospect and application value. Starting from the definition of autonomous driving cars, we classify the computing tasks of autonomous driving cars and describe the computing structures of the mobile terminal, the edge node and the cloud. Then, we discuss current mobile terminal computing platforms of autonomous driving cars, which shows heterogeneous and multi-core characteristics, and compare and analyze the current mainstream underlying computing platforms. Finally, we summarize the problems and challenges encountered in the computing structure and platform of autonomous driving cars from aspects of performance cost and information security.