纳米材料在提高采收率中的研究进展?

近年来，纳米材料因其有吸引力的物化特性已在生物医药、电子储能、保护涂层等领域发挥重要作用。随着石油资源的需求不断增加和开采难度提高，石油勘探和提高石油采收率技术需要不断创新，以满足未来对碳氢燃料的需求。将功能化的纳米材料与提高采收率技术结合，可以改善驱替剂的流变性能，改变储层岩石的润湿性、降低油水界面张力、提高原油的流动性等，进一步提高原油采收率，为油田的有效、可持续开发提供新的技术手段。本文首先综述了当前在提高采收率领域中的应用较多的几类纳米材料；之后，对纳米材料在提高采收率中的作用机理做了总结；最后，讨论了纳米材料在提高采收率技术中存在的问题，并对其发展趋势进行了展望。

Research progress of nanomaterials in enhancing oil recovery

In recent years, nanomaterials have been extensively studied in the fields of biomedicine, electronic energy storage, and protective coatings due to their attractive physical and chemical properties. As the demand for petroleum resources continues to increase and the difficulty of exploitation increases, petroleum exploration and enhanced oil recovery technologies require continuous innovation to meet the future demand for hydrocarbon fuels. Combining functionalized nanomaterials with enhanced oil recovery technology can improve the rheological properties of the displacing agents, change the wettability of reservoir rocks, reduce the oil-water interfacial tension, and improve the fluidity of crude oil. This can further improve oil recovery and provide new technical means for effective and sustainable development of oil fields. This article first summarizes several types of nanomaterials that are currently used in the field of enhanced oil recovery; then, summarizes the mechanism of nanomaterials in enhanced oil recovery. Finally, the problems of nanomaterials in enhanced oil recovery technology are discussed, and their development trends are prospected.