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The aim of this work is to carry out a comparative analysis of environmental impacts for different scenarios of a typical local road. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is the modeling tool used to quantify and characterize comparative environmental impacts. In carrying out this specific application of the LCA, different road construction techniques were considered with regards to the whole structure and compared in order to identify the best alternative in terms of environmental sustainability.So far, in fact, typical LCA frameworks of roads have focused on recycled materials for pavement layers only, thus neglecting study of the materials used in the embankment or in the subgrade. In this study, these materials were included too, in order to prove the environmental benefit of using a sustainable technique such as in situ stabilization of fine soils with lime (typically dumped clayey soils) in order to reduce the need for virgin material for embankment and subgrade construction.When using different percentages of recycled materials (such as reclaimed asphalt pavement – RAP) in the bituminous layer or in the foundation, the analysis of the functional unit studied shows a significant reduction of energy consumption and pollutant emissions mainly due to transportation of materials involved, in this way increasing the environmental performance of the road.Another important consideration is that the use of fine soils stabilized with lime “in situ”, instead of dumping it, not only is a good technical solution for improving soil mechanical properties, but it also produces a reduction of energy consumption and of pollutant emissions. It is noticeable that this technique results in a significant reduction of pollutant emissions due the transportation of involved materials, increasing the environmental performance of the road. 相似文献
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The research presented in this paper explores the context, method, and value of focus group research in transit needs assessments. Group participatory research can generate data that are not easily obtained by other methods. The paper focuses on lessons from three Nebraska communities whose transit disadvantaged rely on community-based paratransit services. Because of the size of the paratransit population and the inability to control who showed up to the focus group sessions, a modified group research protocol was adopted in order to garner information from whomever attended the session. The population parameters and the number of people at the meetings were anticipated by the researchers and mitigated by incorporating nominal group techniques. Research findings from the focus group sessions are discussed paying particular attention to the candid and policy-specific comments made by the focus group participants. The paper concludes with an application of focus group research in transit planning. 相似文献
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地铁施工临近管线安全管理及评价标准研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
《铁道标准设计通讯》2014,(9):99-102
基于《地铁工程施工安全评价标准》国家标准编制项目的支持,对地铁工程施工临近地下管线安全管理及评价进行研究,确定地铁施工临近地下管线安全风险管理的工作内容与要求,分析临近地下管线的调查内容、调查步骤及其变形控制标准;将地铁施工诱发临近管线安全风险划分为五个等级,提出不同安全风险等级下地下管线的保护措施;并在此基础上建立地铁工程施工临近管线安全管理体系及评价标准。 相似文献
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熊文海 《青岛远洋船员学院学报》2011,32(4):5-8
在规范化安全评估(FSA)的框架下,本文利用模糊数学理论对船舶在港口水域中的通航安全进行了科学有效的评估,评估结果能够很好地反映船舶在港口水域航行的安全状况。这对减少船舶事故、促进港口通航效率都具有十分重要的意义。 相似文献
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针对影响舰艇改装、退役的主要因素进行了分析,给出各因素的评估模型,运用多属性模糊决策方法提出一种舰艇改装和退役评估论证方法,为舰艇改装退役决策提供了一定依据。 相似文献
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汽车实用性质量评价系统(APQAS)的设计与应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
APQAS(Automobile Practical Quality Assessment System)对汽车售后服务中搜索的实用性质量信息,按汽车故障学原理分类编码建立大样本的实用性质量信息数据库,并根据《汽车产品质量检验评定》标准,运用数据统计分析方法,全面分析评价汽车产品的总体质量,设计质量和生产质量,由于APQAS的质量评价具有明显的滞后性,其不能代产品质量试验性评价,两的有机结合可以显提高产品质量评价的水平和效能。 相似文献
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戈壁粗粒土填料填筑铁路路基压实评价指标研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
选取兰新铁路第二双线4个具有代表性的路基试验段,进行戈壁粗粒土填筑路基的压实质量评价指标研究。研究表明:粗粒土填料填筑路基的孔隙率偏小,但现有规范规定的孔隙率标准偏大,起不到控制路基密实度的作用,因此提出用填料的细颗粒室内击实试验得到的孔隙率换算整体孔隙率的方法控制粗粒土填筑路基的密实度;K30能较好地反映填料的塑性变形,且对压实质量敏感,比Ev2更适合作为路基压实质量的评价指标;Ev2/Ev1控制路基压实质量的实质是Ev1在起作用;规范不应用统一的Ev2/Ev1标准,而应根据填料的粗颗粒含量制定相应的Ev2/Ev1标准,填料的粗颗粒含量越多,填筑的路基的弹性变形量越小,Ev2/Ev1的规范标准应越大;Ev1的测试深度比K30大,且塑性变形在总变形中的比例也大,因此可以考虑将Ev1设定为路基压实质量的评价指标。 相似文献